2023復(fù)習(xí)正是強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)階段，在考研英語(yǔ)中占了40分，所以考研英語(yǔ)閱讀是英語(yǔ)科目中重要的一項(xiàng)。名師老師曾建議過(guò)考研生需要堅(jiān)持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強(qiáng)烈推薦了雜志《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語(yǔ)的主要材料來(lái)源.希望考研考生認(rèn)真閱讀，快速提高考研英語(yǔ)閱讀水平。 　　The spying trade 　　間諜這一行 　　Success by stealth 　　隱者為贏 　　What business executives can learn fromintelligence officers 　　企業(yè)管理者所能從情報(bào)官身上學(xué)到的 　　Work Like a Spy: Business Tips From a Former CIAOfficer. By J.C. Carleson. 　　書(shū)名：《像間諜一樣工作：前 CIA 特工教你生意經(jīng)》作者：J.C. Carleson 　　Trading Secrets: Spies and Intelligence in an Age of Terror. By Mark Huband. 　　書(shū)名：《行業(yè)秘密：恐怖時(shí)代的間諜和情報(bào)》作者：Mark Huband 　　SPIES are often wrongly presumed to work in a shadowy and exotic world. In fact they aremore like unusually crafty bureaucrats than James Bond. Their skills would be quite handy forbusiness executives, according to J.C. Carleson, a former CIA officer. In Work Like a Spy,her gripping layman s guide to spycraft, she shows how adopting an intelligence officer smindset can make managers more efficient and better at handling people. 　　人們常常認(rèn)為間諜這份工作神神秘秘、認(rèn)為他們總是活動(dòng)于異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)，其實(shí)這種想法是錯(cuò)誤的。實(shí)際上，與詹姆斯-邦德相比，他們更像是狡詐非凡的官員。前CIA 特工J.C. Carleson認(rèn)為，間諜所掌握的技巧對(duì)于企業(yè)管理者來(lái)說(shuō)相當(dāng)受用。在《像間諜一樣工作》一書(shū)中，她為大眾介紹了間諜所掌握的技能，內(nèi)容十分引人入勝。她為我們講述了運(yùn)用情報(bào)官的思維方式是如何會(huì)讓管理者更有效率、更好地管理人力資源的。 　　In her eight years undercover, Ms Carleson ran agents in hostile countries, getting them torisk their lives to steal secrets for America. Targeting and recruiting such people offerslessons in what might be called strategic networking: gaining information about customersand competitors. How do you make contact without seeming pushy? What is the hook, andwhat are the incentives? It turns out that offering consultancy fees and lavishentertainment rarely works; appealing to the ego is far more effective. 　　在她八年的臥底行動(dòng)中，Carleson帶領(lǐng)特工在敵國(guó)活動(dòng)，她讓手下冒著生命危險(xiǎn)為美國(guó)竊取機(jī)密。這些特工人選的尋找過(guò)程和招募過(guò)程會(huì)給我們些許啟示，這些啟示在管理中可被叫做戰(zhàn)略性人脈網(wǎng)，即了解有關(guān)顧客和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者的信息。如何在不顯得莽撞的前提下與人溝通?引魚(yú)上鉤的鉤是什么?鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方進(jìn)一步配合的措施是什么?結(jié)果證明：提供好處費(fèi)或奢侈的款待很少能奏效;投其所好遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)更加有效。 　　While steering clear of real secrets, Ms Carleson gives an accurate account of howintelligence officers operate. Her strategic elicitation exercise, in which she pushesreaders to get random information from a stranger, is particularly well described. 　　盡管Carleson繞開(kāi)了真正的秘笈不談，但她準(zhǔn)確地描述了情報(bào)官是怎么工作的。她對(duì)戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)出練習(xí)的描述尤其出色，在這種練習(xí)中，她迫使讀者從陌生人那里獲取任意信息。 　　In a trade in which deceit is a tool, knowing when to be honest is important. Ms Carlesondescribes the ideal CIA officer as a Boy Scout with a secret dark side. Her terse remarks onethics sound convincing, not preachy. She explains, for example, why fiddling expensesleads to instant dismissal in the CIA: if you cheat your country out of money, you maybetray its secrets too. Readers doing business in places where sleaze is endemic will findthese points instructive. It is wise to work out in advance the red lines you and your companywill not crossand make sure everyone involved knows what they are. 　　在以欺騙為手段的間諜行業(yè)中，知道何時(shí)誠(chéng)實(shí)很重要。Carleson把理想的中央情報(bào)局官描述為表面老實(shí)，但有著不為人知的陰暗面。她對(duì)倫理學(xué)所做的簡(jiǎn)潔評(píng)論聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有說(shuō)服力，但并無(wú)說(shuō)教意味。比如說(shuō)，她解釋了為什么在中央情報(bào)局，如果一個(gè)人在公司開(kāi)支上做手腳，就會(huì)被立即開(kāi)除因?yàn)槿绻粋€(gè)人騙了國(guó)家的錢(qián)，他就可能也會(huì)泄露國(guó)家的機(jī)密。如果你經(jīng)商的地方欺詐行為泛濫，你就會(huì)感覺(jué)這些觀點(diǎn)很有啟發(fā)性。事先制定好你和你的公司不會(huì)超越的紅線并且確保所有規(guī)定涉及到的人知道這些紅線是什么，才是明智的做法。 　　While Ms Carleson s book highlights the skills of individual intelligence officers, MarkHuband s Trading Secrets gives a glimpse of what spy agencies actually do and how theyare evolving to combat new 21st-century threats. A former journalist who now runs asecurity consultancy, he argues that undercover agents are often most useful not when theyare spying on a country s enemies, but when they are talking to them. He gives new detailsabout the role that Britain s Secret Intelligence Service played inopening channels of communication with the IRA in Northern Ireland, and with ColonelQaddafi s regime in Libya. 　　Carleson的書(shū)突出了單個(gè)情報(bào)官的技能;至于間諜機(jī)構(gòu)到底是干什么的、又是怎樣參與到打擊21世紀(jì)人們所面臨的新威脅中的，Mark Huband所著的《行業(yè)秘密》讓讀者得以一窺其貌。曾經(jīng)是一名記者的MarkHuband現(xiàn)在正經(jīng)營(yíng)一家安全咨詢公司。他認(rèn)為通常來(lái)說(shuō)，臥底最有用的時(shí)候，不是他們暗中監(jiān)視一個(gè)國(guó)家的敵人之時(shí)，而是他們與其交談的時(shí)候。對(duì)于英國(guó)秘密情報(bào)局在與北愛(ài)爾蘭的愛(ài)爾蘭共和軍和與利比亞的卡扎菲政權(quán)打開(kāi)了信息交流的渠道中所起的作用，作者給出了新的細(xì)節(jié)。 　　Mr Huband also deals with fiascos, such as the political misuse of the sketchy intelligenceavailable about Saddam Hussein s weapons programmes. Spies rarely provide solidanswers, he says, but offer confusing bits of a jigsaw puzzle of unknown size and shape.At best, secret intelligence removes an element of surprise from foreign affairs, but itrarely makes it clear what to do. 　　Huband也會(huì)談到失敗的例子，像對(duì)于薩達(dá)姆的武器計(jì)劃，情報(bào)人員得到的情報(bào)并不完全，結(jié)果這些情報(bào)被政府誤用了。他說(shuō)，間諜很少會(huì)提供可靠的答案，他們只會(huì)提供零零碎碎的令人困惑的信息，至于那些零零碎碎的信息所拼成的拼圖有多大、是什么形狀，誰(shuí)也不知道。至多，秘密情報(bào)能讓外事工作少遇到一些意料之外的事情，但很少會(huì)讓人清楚該做什么。 　　The picture he paints is tantalisingly incomplete. His reporting, based on his years as ajournalist, hops across decades and between fronts, chiefly in the war on terror . Heconcludes that spooks are awash with more information, insight and knowledge than everbefore, but that the intrinsic power of intelligence has waned. One reason is that someof the finest spies are being lured away by the private sector. It greatly rewards those with abackground in secret government serviceand not only because spycraft has given themexceptional people skills. 　　Huband所描繪的圖景并不完整，但很有誘惑力。他的報(bào)道基于他多年當(dāng)記者的經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容跨越數(shù)十年、穿梭于不同的戰(zhàn)線、主要集中在反恐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)方面。他得出的結(jié)論是：現(xiàn)在的間諜所能獲取的信息、所具備的洞察力和知識(shí)比以往任何時(shí)候都要多，但是情報(bào)的內(nèi)在力量已經(jīng)衰減。原因之一是有些最出色的間諜被私營(yíng)部門(mén)挖走了。私營(yíng)部門(mén)會(huì)特別獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那些有在秘密政府機(jī)構(gòu)工作背景的人不只是因?yàn)殚g諜工作賦予了他們超乎常人的與人相處的技巧。 　　詞語(yǔ)解釋 　　1.learn from 向?qū)W習(xí)，從獲得 　　Why not learn from those people first? 　　為什么不首先像這些人學(xué)習(xí)呢? 　　What can we learn from this? 　　我們能從中學(xué)到什么呢? 　　2.presume to 冒昧 　　I won t presume to disturb you. 　　我不敢冒昧打擾你。 　　Can not rely presume to share the love. 　　不能分享怙恃的愛(ài)。 　　3.according to 根據(jù)，按照 　　All firsts in a car, according to gm. 　　據(jù)通用公司表示，這些都是汽車(chē)史上的頭一遭。 　　According to weiner, product teams will continue to crank. 　　據(jù)韋納爾表示，產(chǎn)品團(tuán)隊(duì)將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮奇思妙想。 　　4.appeal to 向投訴;向呼吁 　　But when they communicate internally, they have to appeal to their employees emotions. 　　但在公司內(nèi)部進(jìn)行交流中又需要調(diào)動(dòng)員工的情緒。 　　How are we supposed to design products that appeal to women without women? 　　沒(méi)有女性的參與，我們?cè)趺茨茉O(shè)計(jì)出女性青睞的產(chǎn)品?

　　2023復(fù)習(xí)正是強(qiáng)化復(fù)習(xí)階段，在考研英語(yǔ)中占了40分，所以考研英語(yǔ)閱讀是英語(yǔ)科目中重要的一項(xiàng)。名師老師曾建議過(guò)考研生需要堅(jiān)持每天泛讀10-15分鐘的英文原刊。強(qiáng)烈推薦了雜志《經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人》.雜志中的文章也是考研英語(yǔ)的主要材料來(lái)源.希望考研考生認(rèn)真閱讀，快速提高考研英語(yǔ)閱讀水平。 　　The spying trade 　　間諜這一行 　　Success by stealth 　　隱者為贏 　　What business executives can learn fromintelligence officers 　　企業(yè)管理者所能從情報(bào)官身上學(xué)到的 　　Work Like a Spy: Business Tips From a Former CIAOfficer. By J.C. Carleson. 　　書(shū)名：《像間諜一樣工作：前 CIA 特工教你生意經(jīng)》作者：J.C. Carleson 　　Trading Secrets: Spies and Intelligence in an Age of Terror. By Mark Huband. 　　書(shū)名：《行業(yè)秘密：恐怖時(shí)代的間諜和情報(bào)》作者：Mark Huband 　　SPIES are often wrongly presumed to work in a shadowy and exotic world. In fact they aremore like unusually crafty bureaucrats than James Bond. Their skills would be quite handy forbusiness executives, according to J.C. Carleson, a former CIA officer. In Work Like a Spy,her gripping layman s guide to spycraft, she shows how adopting an intelligence officer smindset can make managers more efficient and better at handling people. 　　人們常常認(rèn)為間諜這份工作神神秘秘、認(rèn)為他們總是活動(dòng)于異國(guó)他鄉(xiāng)，其實(shí)這種想法是錯(cuò)誤的。實(shí)際上，與詹姆斯-邦德相比，他們更像是狡詐非凡的官員。前CIA 特工J.C. Carleson認(rèn)為，間諜所掌握的技巧對(duì)于企業(yè)管理者來(lái)說(shuō)相當(dāng)受用。在《像間諜一樣工作》一書(shū)中，她為大眾介紹了間諜所掌握的技能，內(nèi)容十分引人入勝。她為我們講述了運(yùn)用情報(bào)官的思維方式是如何會(huì)讓管理者更有效率、更好地管理人力資源的。 　　In her eight years undercover, Ms Carleson ran agents in hostile countries, getting them torisk their lives to steal secrets for America. Targeting and recruiting such people offerslessons in what might be called strategic networking: gaining information about customersand competitors. How do you make contact without seeming pushy? What is the hook, andwhat are the incentives? It turns out that offering consultancy fees and lavishentertainment rarely works; appealing to the ego is far more effective. 　　在她八年的臥底行動(dòng)中，Carleson帶領(lǐng)特工在敵國(guó)活動(dòng)，她讓手下冒著生命危險(xiǎn)為美國(guó)竊取機(jī)密。這些特工人選的尋找過(guò)程和招募過(guò)程會(huì)給我們些許啟示，這些啟示在管理中可被叫做戰(zhàn)略性人脈網(wǎng)，即了解有關(guān)顧客和競(jìng)爭(zhēng)者的信息。如何在不顯得莽撞的前提下與人溝通?引魚(yú)上鉤的鉤是什么?鼓勵(lì)對(duì)方進(jìn)一步配合的措施是什么?結(jié)果證明：提供好處費(fèi)或奢侈的款待很少能奏效;投其所好遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)更加有效。 　　While steering clear of real secrets, Ms Carleson gives an accurate account of howintelligence officers operate. Her strategic elicitation exercise, in which she pushesreaders to get random information from a stranger, is particularly well described. 　　盡管Carleson繞開(kāi)了真正的秘笈不談，但她準(zhǔn)確地描述了情報(bào)官是怎么工作的。她對(duì)戰(zhàn)略導(dǎo)出練習(xí)的描述尤其出色，在這種練習(xí)中，她迫使讀者從陌生人那里獲取任意信息。 　　In a trade in which deceit is a tool, knowing when to be honest is important. Ms Carlesondescribes the ideal CIA officer as a Boy Scout with a secret dark side. Her terse remarks onethics sound convincing, not preachy. She explains, for example, why fiddling expensesleads to instant dismissal in the CIA: if you cheat your country out of money, you maybetray its secrets too. Readers doing business in places where sleaze is endemic will findthese points instructive. It is wise to work out in advance the red lines you and your companywill not crossand make sure everyone involved knows what they are. 　　在以欺騙為手段的間諜行業(yè)中，知道何時(shí)誠(chéng)實(shí)很重要。Carleson把理想的中央情報(bào)局官描述為表面老實(shí)，但有著不為人知的陰暗面。她對(duì)倫理學(xué)所做的簡(jiǎn)潔評(píng)論聽(tīng)起來(lái)很有說(shuō)服力，但并無(wú)說(shuō)教意味。比如說(shuō)，她解釋了為什么在中央情報(bào)局，如果一個(gè)人在公司開(kāi)支上做手腳，就會(huì)被立即開(kāi)除因?yàn)槿绻粋€(gè)人騙了國(guó)家的錢(qián)，他就可能也會(huì)泄露國(guó)家的機(jī)密。如果你經(jīng)商的地方欺詐行為泛濫，你就會(huì)感覺(jué)這些觀點(diǎn)很有啟發(fā)性。事先制定好你和你的公司不會(huì)超越的紅線并且確保所有規(guī)定涉及到的人知道這些紅線是什么，才是明智的做法。 　　While Ms Carleson s book highlights the skills of individual intelligence officers, MarkHuband s Trading Secrets gives a glimpse of what spy agencies actually do and how theyare evolving to combat new 21st-century threats. A former journalist who now runs asecurity consultancy, he argues that undercover agents are often most useful not when theyare spying on a country s enemies, but when they are talking to them. He gives new detailsabout the role that Britain s Secret Intelligence Service played inopening channels of communication with the IRA in Northern Ireland, and with ColonelQaddafi s regime in Libya. 　　Carleson的書(shū)突出了單個(gè)情報(bào)官的技能;至于間諜機(jī)構(gòu)到底是干什么的、又是怎樣參與到打擊21世紀(jì)人們所面臨的新威脅中的，Mark Huband所著的《行業(yè)秘密》讓讀者得以一窺其貌。曾經(jīng)是一名記者的MarkHuband現(xiàn)在正經(jīng)營(yíng)一家安全咨詢公司。他認(rèn)為通常來(lái)說(shuō)，臥底最有用的時(shí)候，不是他們暗中監(jiān)視一個(gè)國(guó)家的敵人之時(shí)，而是他們與其交談的時(shí)候。對(duì)于英國(guó)秘密情報(bào)局在與北愛(ài)爾蘭的愛(ài)爾蘭共和軍和與利比亞的卡扎菲政權(quán)打開(kāi)了信息交流的渠道中所起的作用，作者給出了新的細(xì)節(jié)。 　　Mr Huband also deals with fiascos, such as the political misuse of the sketchy intelligenceavailable about Saddam Hussein s weapons programmes. Spies rarely provide solidanswers, he says, but offer confusing bits of a jigsaw puzzle of unknown size and shape.At best, secret intelligence removes an element of surprise from foreign affairs, but itrarely makes it clear what to do. 　　Huband也會(huì)談到失敗的例子，像對(duì)于薩達(dá)姆的武器計(jì)劃，情報(bào)人員得到的情報(bào)并不完全，結(jié)果這些情報(bào)被政府誤用了。他說(shuō)，間諜很少會(huì)提供可靠的答案，他們只會(huì)提供零零碎碎的令人困惑的信息，至于那些零零碎碎的信息所拼成的拼圖有多大、是什么形狀，誰(shuí)也不知道。至多，秘密情報(bào)能讓外事工作少遇到一些意料之外的事情，但很少會(huì)讓人清楚該做什么。 　　The picture he paints is tantalisingly incomplete. His reporting, based on his years as ajournalist, hops across decades and between fronts, chiefly in the war on terror . Heconcludes that spooks are awash with more information, insight and knowledge than everbefore, but that the intrinsic power of intelligence has waned. One reason is that someof the finest spies are being lured away by the private sector. It greatly rewards those with abackground in secret government serviceand not only because spycraft has given themexceptional people skills. 　　Huband所描繪的圖景并不完整，但很有誘惑力。他的報(bào)道基于他多年當(dāng)記者的經(jīng)歷，內(nèi)容跨越數(shù)十年、穿梭于不同的戰(zhàn)線、主要集中在反恐戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)方面。他得出的結(jié)論是：現(xiàn)在的間諜所能獲取的信息、所具備的洞察力和知識(shí)比以往任何時(shí)候都要多，但是情報(bào)的內(nèi)在力量已經(jīng)衰減。原因之一是有些最出色的間諜被私營(yíng)部門(mén)挖走了。私營(yíng)部門(mén)會(huì)特別獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)那些有在秘密政府機(jī)構(gòu)工作背景的人不只是因?yàn)殚g諜工作賦予了他們超乎常人的與人相處的技巧。 　　詞語(yǔ)解釋 　　1.learn from 向?qū)W習(xí)，從獲得 　　Why not learn from those people first? 　　為什么不首先像這些人學(xué)習(xí)呢? 　　What can we learn from this? 　　我們能從中學(xué)到什么呢? 　　2.presume to 冒昧 　　I won t presume to disturb you. 　　我不敢冒昧打擾你。 　　Can not rely presume to share the love. 　　不能分享怙恃的愛(ài)。 　　3.according to 根據(jù)，按照 　　All firsts in a car, according to gm. 　　據(jù)通用公司表示，這些都是汽車(chē)史上的頭一遭。 　　According to weiner, product teams will continue to crank. 　　據(jù)韋納爾表示，產(chǎn)品團(tuán)隊(duì)將繼續(xù)發(fā)揮奇思妙想。 　　4.appeal to 向投訴;向呼吁 　　But when they communicate internally, they have to appeal to their employees emotions. 　　但在公司內(nèi)部進(jìn)行交流中又需要調(diào)動(dòng)員工的情緒。 　　How are we supposed to design products that appeal to women without women? 　　沒(méi)有女性的參與，我們?cè)趺茨茉O(shè)計(jì)出女性青睞的產(chǎn)品?