四級漢譯英解題方法舉例分析(3)
if he had been taken to hospital in time.
[解題步驟]:
第一步:由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出,劃線處應該填寫謂語動詞和賓語使得主句完整,并且主句形式、時態根據后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time確定應該采取虛擬語氣,是對過去的虛擬。
第二步:劃分成分本來會有機會活下來
核心謂語動詞是本來有機會------,活下來作賓語。
第三步:
1.切塊對應翻譯:本來有機會------= would have a chance to do sth,活下來=survive
2.重新組合:would have a chance to survive.
[正確答案]:would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival
[翻 譯]:如果遇難者被及時送往醫院的話,他本來會有機會活下來的。
[考察知識點]:[虛擬語氣]與過去相反的虛擬語氣,從句用had done,主句用would have done
有機會做某事:have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----
[語法講解]:虛擬語氣
考生應該注意以下幾種虛擬語氣的形式:
第一種:由 if 引導的虛擬句子
1. 與現在的事實相反:[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]
If I were you , I would marry him.
如果我是你,就會嫁給他。
2. 與過去的事實相反:[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]
If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.
如果你用功學習,就會通過考試了。
3. 與將來的事實可能相反:[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?
如果明天下雨,你怎么辦?
第二種:用在表示要求、建議、命令等的名詞從句中
從句謂語形式為:--- + do sth 。
類似用法的動詞有:
insist , suggest , order , propose , demand , command , advise , desire , request , require , ask , prefer , recommend , arrange , advocate ,maintain等后面的賓語從句中。
第三種:用在It + be + important + that ---結構中的that 引導的主語從句中
第四種:用在It is time that --- 結構中, 表示該干某事了, 含建議的意思, 用動詞過去式。
It is time we went to bed .
咱們該睡覺了。
注意: time 前可加about 或high 等。
if he had been taken to hospital in time.
[解題步驟]:
第一步:由The victim if he had been taken to hospital in time.可以推出,劃線處應該填寫謂語動詞和賓語使得主句完整,并且主句形式、時態根據后面的if he had been taken to hospital in time確定應該采取虛擬語氣,是對過去的虛擬。
第二步:劃分成分本來會有機會活下來
核心謂語動詞是本來有機會------,活下來作賓語。
第三步:
1.切塊對應翻譯:本來有機會------= would have a chance to do sth,活下來=survive
2.重新組合:would have a chance to survive.
[正確答案]:would have/stand a chance to survive/of survival
[翻 譯]:如果遇難者被及時送往醫院的話,他本來會有機會活下來的。
[考察知識點]:[虛擬語氣]與過去相反的虛擬語氣,從句用had done,主句用would have done
有機會做某事:have/stand a chance to do sth/of sth----
[語法講解]:虛擬語氣
考生應該注意以下幾種虛擬語氣的形式:
第一種:由 if 引導的虛擬句子
1. 與現在的事實相反:[If --- + were/did---, --- + would do---]
If I were you , I would marry him.
如果我是你,就會嫁給他。
2. 與過去的事實相反:[If --- + had done---, --- +would have done---]
If you had worked hard , you would have passed the exam.
如果你用功學習,就會通過考試了。
3. 與將來的事實可能相反:[If ---+ should do---, ---+ would do---]
If it should rain tomorrow , what would you do ?
如果明天下雨,你怎么辦?
第二種:用在表示要求、建議、命令等的名詞從句中
從句謂語形式為:--- + do sth 。
類似用法的動詞有:
insist , suggest , order , propose , demand , command , advise , desire , request , require , ask , prefer , recommend , arrange , advocate ,maintain等后面的賓語從句中。
第三種:用在It + be + important + that ---結構中的that 引導的主語從句中
第四種:用在It is time that --- 結構中, 表示該干某事了, 含建議的意思, 用動詞過去式。
It is time we went to bed .
咱們該睡覺了。
注意: time 前可加about 或high 等。