高考英語考前增分秘笈：書面表達中的高級結構

　　我

　　們高三英語教師在講評書面表達時，經常告訴學生說，書面表達要得高分，就得有高級句型和高級詞匯；但很多同學在寫書面表達時，總認為高級句型和高級詞匯很神秘，高不可及。其實，未必如此！通過研讀一些優秀的學生習作和歷年高考書面表達的范文，我們發現，很多所謂的高級句型和高級詞匯正是我們老師反復講解和訓練的。下面列舉一些常見且高級的詞匯和句型，供同學們參考。

　　一．高級詞匯

　　1．occur 替換 think of

　　Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →

　　An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

　　It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

　　2devote替換spend

　　He spends all his spare time in reading. →

　　He devotes all his spare time to reading.

　　3seek替換want

　　They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.

　　4．average 替換ordinary

　　I’m an average student.

　　5．but替換very

　　The film we saw last night was very interesting. →

　　The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.

　　The film we saw last night was anything but boring.

　　6seat 替換sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.

　　7．suppose 替換should

　　He is supposed to have driven more slowly.

　　8．appreciate 替換thank

　　Thank you very much for you help. →

　　We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.

　　9．the case替換 true

　　I don’t think it is the case.

　　10．on替換as soon as →

　　On his arrival, he began his research..

　　11．due to替換because of

　　He arrived late due to the storm.

　　12．cover替換walk/rea13．contribute to替換

　　be helpful/useful →

　　Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.

　　14．round the corner 替換 coming soon/ nearby

　　① The summer vacation is round the corner. Do you have any plans?

　　② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).

　　15．come to light替換discover

　　The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →

　　The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.

　　have a ball替換have a good time/ enjoy oneselfcome up with替換think ofset aside替換savebe of + n. 替換adj.refer to

　　替換talk about/ofcan not but / can not help but替換have to do

　　I could not but go home.

　　22．more often than not替換usually

　　More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.

　　23．lest替換so that /in order that

　　I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →

　　I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.

　　24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替換want to do sth./wish for

　　I want to see you very much. →

　　I am long to see you.

　　25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替換be interested in

　　He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.

　　26．more than替換very

　　① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →

　　I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.

　　( NMET 2003 )

　　② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全國卷)

　　27．perfect (ly) 替換good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).

　　28．do sb a/the favor 替換help

　　Would you please do me the favor to turn down the radio?

　　29．the other day替換a few days ago

　　The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )in the course of替換during the majority of替換most替換替換① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).

　　② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.

　　34．become of替換 happen

　　What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?

　　35．attend to替換look after

　　on condition that替換as long as

　　nevertheless替換however

　　express one’s satisfaction with替換be satisfied with

　　spare no efforts to do替換try one’s best to do

　　many a 替換many

　　’s feet

　　替換be busy in doing

　　42．a handful of替換a little / some

　　43．meanwhile替換at the same time

　　44．get to one’s feet替換stand up

　　45．beneath替換under

　　46．occasionally替換sometimes /once in while

　　4for instance替換for exampleseldom替換not oftenwealthy替換 rich二．高級句型結構◆ It句型

　　① It will be + some time + before…

　　It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.

　　② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.

　　It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.

　　He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）

　　③ It is + 被強調部分 + that…

　　1)

　　It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.

　　2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.

　　◆ more …than any other 表示最高級

　　Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.

　　◆ 名詞從句

　　① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全國卷 Ⅲ )

　　② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.

　　◆（非限制性）定語從句

　　① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→

　　The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)

　　② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)

　　◆

　　① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)

　　② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全國卷Ⅱ)

　　③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 遼寧卷）

　　④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）

　　◆ with結構

　　① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.

　　② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.

　　◆ 倒裝句

　　① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →

　　East of the teaching building is the library.

　　② Although we are tired, we are happy.→

　　Tired as we are, we are happy.

　　③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）

　　◆ 被動語態

　　① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)

　　② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全國卷 Ⅳ)

　　③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江蘇卷)

　　◆ 巧妙的改寫

　　（1）．Only 改成no one but

　　Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.

　　（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The

　　moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.

　　（3）．have sb/sth do/done

　　The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).

　　（4）．變換插入語的位置

　　① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →

　　They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)

　　② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →

　　This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全國卷Ⅰ)

　　(5). 用同位語代替非限制性定語從句

　　Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→

　　Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.

　　(2002上海卷)

　　Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）

　　◆ 其它

　　（1）注重句子的開頭

　　① 用with復合結構開頭

　　With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.

　　With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）

　　With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江蘇卷）

　　② 用非謂語動詞形式開頭

　　ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.

　　ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.

　　（2）長短句交錯使用（注意：應突出主題句；長句子并非越長越好）

　　◆◆ 相關過渡語

　　1). 表示時間順序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…

　　near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…

　　3). 表示比較、對照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…

　　4). 表示因果關系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…

　　5). 表示遞進關系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore,

　　in addition, on top of…

　　6). 表示并列關系: and, as well as, also…

　　7). 表示總結性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief,

　　to conclude…

　　高考英語考前增分秘笈：書面表達中的高級結構

　　我

　　們高三英語教師在講評書面表達時，經常告訴學生說，書面表達要得高分，就得有高級句型和高級詞匯；但很多同學在寫書面表達時，總認為高級句型和高級詞匯很神秘，高不可及。其實，未必如此！通過研讀一些優秀的學生習作和歷年高考書面表達的范文，我們發現，很多所謂的高級句型和高級詞匯正是我們老師反復講解和訓練的。下面列舉一些常見且高級的詞匯和句型，供同學們參考。

　　一．高級詞匯

　　1．occur 替換 think of

　　Suddenly I had an idea that someone had broken into my house. →

　　An idea occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

　　It occurred to me that someone had broken into my house.

　　2devote替換spend

　　He spends all his spare time in reading. →

　　He devotes all his spare time to reading.

　　3seek替換want

　　They sought ( wanted ) to hide themselves behind the trees.

　　4．average 替換ordinary

　　I’m an average student.

　　5．but替換very

　　The film we saw last night was very interesting. →

　　The film we saw last night was nothing but interesting.

　　The film we saw last night was anything but boring.

　　6seat 替換sitOn his way to school, he found an old lady seated (sitting) by the road, looking worried.

　　7．suppose 替換should

　　He is supposed to have driven more slowly.

　　8．appreciate 替換thank

　　Thank you very much for you help. →

　　We appreciate your help very much. / Your help is much appreciated.

　　9．the case替換 true

　　I don’t think it is the case.

　　10．on替換as soon as →

　　On his arrival, he began his research..

　　11．due to替換because of

　　He arrived late due to the storm.

　　12．cover替換walk/rea13．contribute to替換

　　be helpful/useful →

　　Plenty of memory work will undoubtedly contribute to English study.

　　14．round the corner 替換 coming soon/ nearby

　　① The summer vacation is round the corner. Do you have any plans?

　　② Li Ming studies in a school round the corner (nearby).

　　15．come to light替換discover

　　The family were so pleased when they discovered the lost jewels. →

　　The family were so pleased when the lost jewels came to light.

　　have a ball替換have a good time/ enjoy oneselfcome up with替換think ofset aside替換savebe of + n. 替換adj.refer to

　　替換talk about/ofcan not but / can not help but替換have to do

　　I could not but go home.

　　22．more often than not替換usually

　　More often than not (Usually), the meaning of many words can be easily guessed.

　　23．lest替換so that /in order that

　　I wrote down his telephone number so that I would not forget it. →

　　I wrote down his telephone number lest I (should) forget it.

　　24．be long for sth. / be long to do sth. 替換want to do sth./wish for

　　I want to see you very much. →

　　I am long to see you.

　　25．be caught up in/be crazy about/be absorbed in/be addicted to替換be interested in

　　He is caught up in ( very interested in ) collecting stamps.

　　26．more than替換very

　　① I’m very glad to learn that you are coming in September. →

　　I’m more than glad to learn that you are coming in September.

　　( NMET 2003 )

　　② If there is anything I can do for you, I would be more than glad to help.(2004全國卷)

　　27．perfect (ly) 替換good/ very wellHe speaks perfect ( good ) English./ He speaks English perfectly ( very well ).

　　28．do sb a/the favor 替換help

　　Would you please do me the favor to turn down the radio?

　　29．the other day替換a few days ago

　　The other day my brother and I went to the cinema by bicycle. ( NMET 1997 )in the course of替換during the majority of替換most替換替換① After five hours’ non-stop work, we were all worn out (tired).

　　② My shoes are worn out (broken). Please buy me a new pair.

　　34．become of替換 happen

　　What do think has become of ( happened to ) him ?

　　35．attend to替換look after

　　on condition that替換as long as

　　nevertheless替換however

　　express one’s satisfaction with替換be satisfied with

　　spare no efforts to do替換try one’s best to do

　　many a 替換many

　　’s feet

　　替換be busy in doing

　　42．a handful of替換a little / some

　　43．meanwhile替換at the same time

　　44．get to one’s feet替換stand up

　　45．beneath替換under

　　46．occasionally替換sometimes /once in while

　　4for instance替換for exampleseldom替換not oftenwealthy替換 rich二．高級句型結構◆ It句型

　　① It will be + some time + before…

　　It won’t be long before humans visit the Mars.

　　② It is + adj./n.+ for sb to do sth.

　　It is very important for us to learn computer well, because it has changed our life so much.

　　He said since it was a new model in China, it was impossible to fix it without the right spare parts.（2008年湖北卷）

　　③ It is + 被強調部分 + that…

　　1)

　　It is what Yang Liwei has done that encourages us a lot.

　　2) Those who like reading extensively say it is through reading that we get our knowledge.

　　◆ more …than any other 表示最高級

　　Among the optional courses, spoken English and computer study are more popular than any one else.

　　◆ 名詞從句

　　① It would mean a great deal to me to listen to the tape and learn what is covered in the talk. ( 2004 全國卷 Ⅲ )

　　② My hometown is no longer what it used to be.

　　◆（非限制性）定語從句

　　① The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street. It is not far from Jianxin Chinese School.→

　　The flat is in a building on Fangcao Street, which is not far from Jianxin Chinese School. (NMET 2003)

　　② It was quite an experience for us both, which I’ll never forget for the rest of my life. (2002 北京卷)

　　◆

　　① I don’t know about others, but I used to have to work even at weekends doing endless homework and attending classes as well. (NMET 2001)

　　② We’ll mostly stay at home in the evening watching TV, playing games, and meeting people. (2004 全國卷Ⅱ)

　　③ Hearing this, a few people began to run after him.（2004 遼寧卷）

　　④ Born in American, Thomas Edison was a great scientist and inventor.（2008年湖南卷）

　　◆ with結構

　　① A terrible accident happened yesterday, with nine people killed and almost eighty injured.

　　② He was carrying a bedroll and a large bag on his shoulder, with a large suitcase in his left hand.

　　◆ 倒裝句

　　① The library is to the east of the teaching building. →

　　East of the teaching building is the library.

　　② Although we are tired, we are happy.→

　　Tired as we are, we are happy.

　　③ Only in this way can he grow to be a useful man. (2002 上海卷④ May all your dreams come true! May our friendship last till the end of the universe.!（2007年湖南卷）

　　◆ 被動語態

　　① Opinions are divided on the question. (NMET 2002)

　　② All classes are taught by teachers with rich experience in teaching foreign students. (2004全國卷 Ⅳ)

　　③ New factories, houses and roads have been built.(2004 江蘇卷)

　　◆ 巧妙的改寫

　　（1）．Only 改成no one but

　　Only Tom passed the exam last week. → No one but Tom passed the exam.

　　（2）．as soon as …改成No sooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/The

　　moment No sooner had we arrived at the cinema than the film started.

　　（3）．have sb/sth do/done

　　The girl was knocked off her bicycle and had her leg broken (her leg was broken.).

　　（4）．變換插入語的位置

　　① However, they suggest fees should be charged low. →

　　They suggest, however, fees should be charged low. (NMET 2002)

　　② I think this is a good chance for you to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. →

　　This is a good chance for you, I think, to show your singing talent, and how well you’ve learned Chinese. (2004 全國卷Ⅰ)

　　(5). 用同位語代替非限制性定語從句

　　Meimei, who is seven years old, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.→

　　Meimei, a girl of thirteen, has been learning to ride a bicycle for several days.

　　(2002上海卷)

　　Shakespeare, a son from a poor family, a man of little education, wrote plays and poems that are read all over the world.（2008年湖南卷）

　　◆ 其它

　　（1）注重句子的開頭

　　① 用with復合結構開頭

　　With the sun setting in the west, we had to wave goodbye to the workers.

　　With his help, we've learned how to analyze and settle problems.（2006年湖南卷）

　　With the functions of inserting, deleting, moving and copying, it enables us to edit test, browse web page and download what we want.（2009年江蘇卷）

　　② 用非謂語動詞形式開頭

　　ⅰ）In order to improve our English, our school held an English contest.

　　ⅱ）Walking towards the cinema, he met a foreigner.

　　（2）長短句交錯使用（注意：應突出主題句；長句子并非越長越好）

　　◆◆ 相關過渡語

　　1). 表示時間順序: first, then, afterwards, meanwhile, later，first of all, finally, at last…

　　near, next to, far from, in front of, on the left, on one side…

　　3). 表示比較、對照: like, unlike, such as, but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, nevertheless, otherwise…

　　4). 表示因果關系: because, for, as a result, therefore, thus…

　　5). 表示遞進關系: besides, what’s more, what was worse, moreover, furthermore,

　　in addition, on top of…

　　6). 表示并列關系: and, as well as, also…

　　7). 表示總結性: in general, in a word, in short, on the whole, to sum up, in brief,

　　to conclude…