Module 6

　　Unexplained Mysteries of the Nature World

　　Explanations for new words and phrases

　　1、attack ： vt.＆vi. 攻擊疾病發(fā)作侵襲。

　　n. 攻擊; 疾病發(fā)作。make an attack on向...進攻

　　a heart attack 心臟病(發(fā)作)

　　come / be under attack遭抨擊

　　2、footprint：n. (尤指軟地上的)腳印足跡(地板上的)腳印鞋印distinct footprints in the mud泥里清楚的腳印 footprints found near the murder scene兇殺現(xiàn)場的腳印footprints left in the hard dried mud 留在干硬泥地上的腳印He squatted down beside the footprints and examined them closely. 他蹲在腳印旁仔細地觀察。

　　hairy： adj. 毛的；多毛的。反義詞：hairless

　　hairy skin多毛的皮膚The bear’s chest is hairy. 那只熊的胸部毛茸茸的。

　　frighten：v. 使害怕驚恐嚇唬fright：n. 害怕

　　The sudden noise frightened the girl.

　　A tree fell on the house and gave him a fright.樹倒房上嚇他一跳

　　frightened：adj.受驚害怕的The frightened girl was speechless.

　　The child is frightened of dogs.怕狗 frightening：?adj. 嚇人的可怕的令人害怕的被嚇得要死的He spoke in a frightening voice.

　　5、creature：n.生物/動物；人The crocodile is a strange-looking creature. 鱷魚是一種模樣古怪的動物。

　　The poor creature had no home, family, or friends. 那個可憐的人既沒有家和家人, 也沒有朋友。

　　灰色的灰白的灰暗的陰沉的。He wore a grey suit. 他穿一套灰衣服。His face turned grey as he heard the bad news. 當聽到這個壞消息時, 他的臉色變得灰白。

　　The day started out grey with a shower or two. 天破曉時陰沉沉的, 下了一兩場陣雨。

　　n. 灰色This colour is grey. 這種顏色是灰色。She was dressed in grey. 她穿著灰色服裝。

　　鋒利尖銳的；急轉陡峭的突然急劇的；明顯的清晰的；靈敏的機警的 。

　　Be careful with that sharp axe. 那把斧子很鋒利, 你要當心。

　　There is a sharp bend in the road. 路上有一個急轉彎。

　　There were sharp differences of opinion between the two. 兩者的意見存在著明顯的分歧。

　　The girl is sharp at music. 這個女孩對音樂的感受力很敏銳。

　　; 難以理解的詭秘的His action was very mysterious. 他的行動十分神秘。

　　He was very mysterious in his manner. 他的行為舉止十分神秘mystery：?n. 神秘(性), 秘密(性) ；神秘的事, 難以理解的事物；來歷不明難探究竟的人。

　　He often tells stories full of mystery.他常講些充滿神秘色彩的故事。The flying saucer is yet an unsolved mystery. 飛碟仍然是未解之謎。Science can disclose the mysteries of nature. 科學能解開自然界的奧秘。She's a bit of a mystery! 她這人有點來歷不明!

　　mysteriously?adv. 神秘地,不可思議地,難以理解地；詭秘地,故弄玄虛地。

　　Foggy mountains are mysteriously attractive. 煙霧茫茫的群山有著神秘的魅力。

　　claim：vt.聲稱主張要求聲稱擁有She claims to be related to the queen. 她聲稱自己與女皇有關系。

　　The doctor claimed discovered a cure for the disease. 這醫(yī)生聲稱已找到治療病的方法。

　　He claimed the robber

　　他要求這個搶劫犯應該判處死刑。

　　Has anyone

　　I handed in yesterday?

　　有人認領我昨天交來的錢包嗎？

　　1surface：n. C 面表面水面物體的表面外表外觀The surfure of the road路面

　　on the surface 在表面上/在外表上。

　　On the surface, she is nice. 表面上她很好。

　　How many surfaces does a cube have?

　　A cube has six surfaces. 立方體有六個面。

　　The submarine slowly rose to the surface. 潛艇浮出了水面You must not look only at the surface of things. 看事物不能只看表面現(xiàn)象。

　　13、horn：n. C (動物頭上的角號號角喇叭Horns are a useful weapon for some animals.

　　The young goat was just beginning to grow horns小山羊剛開始長角blew horn吹號按響喇叭 He played the tune on the horn. 他用號吹奏了這首曲子。

　　14、dive： vi；頭向下鉆, 猛沖The men are diving for pearls. 這些人正在潛水采集珍珠。He dived from the bridge and rescued a drowning child. 他們從橋上跳入水中, 救起溺水。

　　The plane dived sharply and rose again. 飛機猛然俯沖而后又拉了起來。

　　ive into：頭朝下跳入水中溜進閃進(某處建筑物/人群中)Sally dived expertly into the pool. 熟練地跳入水中。We dived into a coffee shop to avoid the rain. 閃進一咖啡店躲雨。

　　dive off：從(某高處)頭朝下跳入水中Diving off the cliffs is very dangerous. 懸崖跳dive：n. C

　　潛水跳水make a dive for 撲向，沖向When the bell rang, all the students made a dive for the school gate. 鈴聲一響沖向校門。

　　15、calm：adj (水面/天氣)平靜鎮(zhèn)靜的silent, quiet, still 導學P63-5

　　The sea was calm.

　　Her voice is calm.

　　Keep calm, and try not to panic.

　　calm：v (使鎮(zhèn)靜Calm yourself !請你鎮(zhèn)靜下來Charlie tried to calm the frightened children.

　　calm down 使鎮(zhèn)靜alm down and tell me what happened.

　　16、sceptical： adj 懷疑的，不相信的e skeptical about /of

　　對懷疑

　　I am skeptical about his chance of winning. 對懷疑Many scientists remain skeptical about the value of this research program.仍懷疑17、unlikely： adj 未必的, 不可能的It is unlikely that …/be unlikely to do sth

　　It is unlikely that she will come. 她不大可能來了。反義短語：be likely to很可能He is likely to be the best poet here.他很可能是這兒最好的詩人。

　　likely是以-ly結尾的形容詞，其他常見的以-ly結尾的形容詞：

　　daily（每日的;日常的）；

　　friendly（有好的）；deadly（致命的）；lovely（可愛的）；lonely（孤獨的）；ugly（丑陋的）；brotherly（兄弟般的）；oily（多油的） 

　　volcanic：adj 火山的;由火山作用引起的volcanic lake/islands/ash/eruption火山島灰火山爆發(fā)

　　cover： vt 占地多大面積cover an area of占…面積The city covers an area of 10 square miles.

　　走完They covered 40 miles yesterday.

　　They covered 60 miles in two days.

　　包括，涉及The report covered all aspects of the problem.

　　Most of the key points are covered in this book.

　　采訪He was sent to Switzerland to cover the Winter Olympic. 采訪冬奧會

　　讀完，看完I have covered 120 pages of the novel.

　　雪覆蓋了大地。覆蓋e covered with/by

　　The ground was covered with fallen leaves.

　　Snow covered the ground.

　　20、adapt： vi 適應，適合adapt to 使適合

　　The children are finding it hard to adapt to their new school .

　　adapt oneself to： 使自己適應或習慣于You must adapt yourself to new custom.

　　adapt from： 根據(jù)改寫編This play is adapted from a novel written by Dack. 該劇是據(jù)改編的。死絕；消失消滅That custom died out years ago.那種風俗許多前就消失了。

　　短語：be dying for （口語）渴望…，很想…

　　die away (聲、光、風等)漸弱漸息停息All his anger died away. 滿腔怒氣漸漸平息下來。

　　die down 熄滅；平息; 逐漸消失The fire is dying down.Put some more wood on!火快熄滅了加點柴!

　　throw light on /upon：幫助使…明白（清楚）

　　Your investigation has thrown light on this question. 你的調(diào)查使得這個問題弄清楚了。

　　The teacher’s explanation can throw light on the students’ questions.Can you throw light on the question? 你能把這個問題闡述清楚嗎？

　　同義短語come to light 顯露So another amazing fact came to light.于是又發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種令人驚訝的情況。

　　see the light 領悟；書籍的出版

　　I did not approve of his action, but he explained his reason and then I saw the light.

　　我原來不贊同他的行動，但經(jīng)解釋以后我明白過來了。come (straight) to the point 談正題；直接說要點I'm in a hurry, so come to the point. 請直說吧, 我很忙。

　　The criminal soon came to the point. 罪犯很快就供認了。

　　off the point

　　to the point中肯/扼要

　　on the point of 即將

　　27、 fierce： adj. 兇猛的/兇狠的強烈的激烈的極度的酷烈的The house is guarded by a fierce dog.

　　這棟房子由一條兇犬看守。

　　A wounded lion can be fierce. 受傷的獅子會變得很兇猛。

　　This heat is really fierce. 這樣的高溫真叫人難受。

　　What he said met with fierce opposition. 他的話語遭到激烈反對。

　　破壞毀滅消滅construction n. 建造建設建筑業(yè)structure n.?結構構造

　　The enemy bombs caused widespread destruction. 敵人的炸彈造成大面積的破壞慷慨的大寬宏大量的善良的

　　He is a generous contributor.慷慨的捐助者。She was generous with her money.樂于仗義疏財。

　　She was kind and generous. 她心地善良, 寬容大量。

　　It was generous of you to forgive me. 你原諒我的過錯真是寬宏大量。

　　無法預言的,不可預測的捉摸不透的,不穩(wěn)定的,反復無常的

　　He makes unpredictable decisions. 他做的決定難以預料。

　　Changes in the stock market are highly unpredictable. 股票市場的變化是變幻莫測的。I find it difficult to get along with Paul, he is so unpredictable. 不好相處,他這個人深不可測：irregular：predictable?氣This store has an excellent reputation for fair dealing. 該商店因買賣公道而享有極高的聲譽。積極的肯定的電正的, 陽性的I am positive that I saw him.我敢肯定我見過他。 The test proved positive.試驗結果呈陽性。

　　The positive pole carries a positive charge while the negative pole does a negative charge.

　　正極帶正電荷, 負極帶負電荷。

　　表示…。

　　導學P70-9

　　The arrow indicate the way to the park. 那個箭頭指示到公園的路。

　　His signs indicate what we should do. 他的手勢告訴我們該怎么做。

　　Those clouds indicate rain. 那些云是下雨的跡象。

　　indication：n. 指表示象征跡象Did he give you any indication of his feelings?向你表示感情了嗎?

　　33、identity：?n. 身份；個性特性。

　　He had to conceal his identity to escape the police. 為了躲避警方, 他只好隱瞞身份。The planners decided to preserve their distinct identities. 設計者們決定保留他們各自的特色。due to：由于因為因…引起；可歸于…

　　The stove smokes, that is due to the pipe being stopped. 火爐冒煙了那是由于煙道堵塞的緣故。

　　He succeeded at last, which is mainly due to his efforts instead of luck.

　　他最后成功了，這很大程度是由于他的努力而不是運氣。

　　辨析：due to, because of, owing to, thanks to

　　這四個短語都有“由于、因為”的意思，都是介詞短語，后面不可接從句。

　　1) due to一般只作表語。This accident was due to his carelessness.這場事故是由于他的粗心引起的。

　　2because of只能作狀語。We must not get discouraged because of such a minor setback.決不可因這樣一小挫折就灰心喪氣。

　　3owing to既可作狀語，也可作表語，它引導的狀語多是修飾全句的，因此應用逗號和主句分開。如：

　　They decided to postpone the trip, owing to the change of the weather.由于天氣變化決定延期啟程。

　　4thanks to只作狀語，可表達正面意思 “幸虧”，也可用于諷刺口吻中（近于諷刺口吻的“感謝”）。

　　由于那位官員的失誤，這個城鎮(zhèn)的經(jīng)濟曾處于全面崩潰的邊緣。

　　The town’s economy was on the brink of total collapse, thanks to the official’s mistake.

　　瀕于倒塌崩潰35、myth n. 神話；杜撰出來的人[事物]The story is a pure myth. 這故事純屬虛構。能成仙的神話。

　　Nobody believes in the myth about human beings becoming immortals. 誰也不相信人

　　ortune： n. 運氣機會轉機；財產(chǎn)財富前途命運have the fortune to do 幸好/幸運做……receive a large fortune 獲得一大筆財產(chǎn)Fortune smiled on us. 命運之神向我們露出了笑臉。

　　fortunate adj. 交好運的, 帶來好運的; 幸運的

　　be fortunate in doing / to do 在…方面運氣好

　　be related to 與……有關系

　　You should make clear the facts that are related to this question.你應弄清與這個問題有關的事實。

　　1）同義短語：be connected with與……有關系

　　2) relate...to...將……與……聯(lián)系起來 如：

　　Can you relate what happened in your childhood to your present state of mind?

　　你能否把你童時的遭遇同目前的心境聯(lián)系起來?

　　I can’t relate what he does to what he says.我沒法把他做的和說的聯(lián)系起來。

　　3) be related to 還有“與……有親戚關系”的意思。如：

　　I am related to your family.我和你家有親戚關系。

　　be allowed to do sth.被允許做某事

　　The children are not allowed to play on this lawn.孩子們不準在這塊草地上玩耍。

　　1）同義短語：be permitted to do sth.被允許做某事

　　2) 注意區(qū)分 be allowed to do sth.與be permitted to do sth.

　　allow詞義較弱，含有“聽任；默許；不加阻止”的意思；permit詞義較強，強調(diào)“正式許可；批準”的意思。He is allowed to stay in the corridor at night though it is not permitted by the hospital.

　　他被允許在走廊里過夜，雖然這是醫(yī)院（規(guī)定）不允許的。

　　grow out of 產(chǎn)生于

　　The mistake grew out of his carelessness.這個錯誤是由于他的粗心造成的。

　　grow out of的另一個意思是“因長大而丟棄”。如：

　　She has grown out of all her old clothes.她已長得所有的舊衣服都穿不下了。

　　The vegetable has grown out of the earth.蔬菜長出了土壤。

　　6. be back in the news

　　It’s quite something

　　3. According to 根據(jù)，按照；隨著

　　（1）根據(jù)天氣預報，今天會下雨。

　　（2）

　　the timetable, the train leaves at 10:25, so we should be at the station by 10:00.

　　A. According to

　　B. Because of

　　C. Judging from

　　D. In the opinion of

　　5. He claim to have seen.

　　不定式完成時1）不定式所表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動作之前。

　　2）表示過去沒有實現(xiàn)的原望，打算、計劃等。

　　（1）他碰巧以前看過這部電影。

　　He happened

　　the film before.

　　（2）We wanted

　　at the airport but we

　　didn’t get there in time.

　　我們原想去機場為你送行。

　　go for （1）適用于

　　（2）喜歡，支持