【北師大版】2024高考英語一輪復習講練精品學案:選修6 Unit 16 Stories
Module
6
Unit 16 Stories
1.abandon vt.丟棄;拋棄,遺棄,放棄,中止,(與oneself連用)使
放縱;使聽任;n.[U] 放縱,放任,狂放
【典型例句】
We were sinking fast,and the captain gave the order to
abandonship.
我們的船沉得很快,船長下令棄船。
[劍橋高階]
The broken bike was found abandoned by the riverside.
人們發現那輛損壞的自行車被扔在河邊。
He finally abandoned his reformist ideas.
他終于放棄了自己的改良主義思想。
He abandoned himself to his emotions.
他任由自己的情緒發作。
[劍橋高階]
【詞語辨析】
abandon/desert/leave/give up/quit
abandon 指完全、永遠地放棄,尤指對之負有責任或義務者,
放棄一個項目或計劃。
desert 強調故意違背自己的義務、責任或誓言等(擅離職守)。
leave 普通用詞,指舍棄某事或某一職業,或終止同某人的關
系,但不涉及動機與結果。
give up普通用語,側重指沒有希望或因外界壓力而放棄。
quit 指突然或出其不意地放棄,現一般指“停止”。
quit work停止工作
即學即用
①Despite some difficulties,they’re not going to ________
the plan.
A.abandon
B.desert
C.forsake
D.quit
解析:意為“放棄”,句意為“盡管有一些困難,他們不打算
放棄計劃”,A符合題意。
答案:A
2.preserve vt.保存,保藏;保護;維護;維持
【典型例句】
Oil preserves metal from rust.油保護金屬免于生銹。
We have taken effective measures to preserve our natural
resources.我們已采取有效措施保護自然資源。
I think these interesting old customs should be preserved.
我認為這些有趣的舊習俗應該保存下去。
It’s the duty of the police to preserve the public order.
維護公共秩序是警察的職責。
I need to get out of the house from time to time just to
preserve(=prevent me from losing) my sanity.
我需要時不時到戶外去以保持頭腦清醒。
[劍橋高階]
【詞語辨析】
defend/guard/protect/preserve
都含“保護”“使安全”的意思。
defend指“保衛”“防御”,應用范圍很廣,對象可以是具體的,
也可以是抽象的。
defend oneself against enemy防御敵人
guard指“注意觀察、戒備,以免受可能的攻擊或傷害”。
guard a coastline守衛海岸線
protect指“保護...以免遭受危險或傷害等”。
protect the children from harm保護兒童免受傷害
preserve指“防護、保存……免被分解或腐爛”。
Salt preserves food from decay.鹽能防止食物腐爛。
即學即用
②It is our duty to ________ our motherland against enemies.
A.defend
B.protect
C.guard
D.care
解析:句意:保衛祖國防御外敵是我們的責任。保衛祖國應用defend。
答案:A
③Dark glasses are sometimes worn to ________ the eyes from strong sunlight.
A.prevent
B.care
C.defend
D.protect
解析:句意:墨鏡可以保護眼睛免受強光的傷害。retect...from為固定搭配。
答案:D
3.occur vi.發生,出現;存在,被想起,被想到,浮現
【典型例句】
Earthquakes occur frequently in this area.這一地區經常發生地震。
Do giraffes occur in Africa only? 長頸鹿是不是只在非洲才有?
A brilliant idea occurred to me.我想到一個極好的主意。
Does it never occur to you that I might like to be on my own
occasionally?你難道從沒想過有時候我或許喜歡獨處?[劍橋高階]
【詞語辨析】
occur/happen/take place/break out/come about
happen表示事情的發生存在一定的偶然性。
What has happened?出什么事了?
If anything happens,please let me know.
不管發生什么事,都請通知我。
How did the car accident happen?車禍是怎么發生的?
occur 指“發生”時可與 happen 換用,但后接to sb.時,兩者含義不同:happen to sb./sth.指不好的事情發生在某人(物)身上;occur to sb.指“某種思想等呈現于某人的大腦中”。
take place 表示“發生”,指必然會發生的事情,按計劃,安排要發生的事多用 take place;此外take place還可表示“舉行某種活動”。
break out一般是指激烈的,嚴重的暴力,騷亂,戰爭,火災等大事爆發。
come about表示“發生、產生”,多指事情已經發生了,但還不知道為什么,常用于疑問句和否定句。
He happened to know the place.他碰巧知道那個地方。
When did the earthquake occur/happen?地震是什么時候發生的?
Didn’t it occur to you to phone them about it?
你難道就沒想過給他們打個電話?
In 1919,the May 4th Movement took place in China.
一九一九年,中國發生了五四運動。
Fire broke out last night.昨晚發生了火災。
I’ll never understand how it came about that you were late three times a week.我怎么也不明白你會一周遲到三次。
即學即用
④That sound doesn’t ________ in his language,so it’s difficult for him to pronounce it.
A.happen
B.occur
C.have
D.take place
解析:句意:那個音在他的語言里不存在,因此他發音很困難。occur“ 發生,存在”,其他詞無此意。
答案:B
⑤A big fire ________ in our neighborhood last night.
A.broke out
B.was broke out
C.was happened
D.brought about
解析:句意:昨天晚上我們附近發生了火災。表示火災,戰爭,自然災害的爆發只能用break out。
答案:A
⑥Nobody knows when the accident ________.
A.happen
B.Happened
C.has happening
D.was happened
解析:句意:無人知道事故是什么時候發生的。根據句意應用一般過去時。
答案:B
⑦More crimes ________ in summer than at any other time.
A.take place
B.is taking place
C.are taken
D.taken place
解析:句意:夏天犯罪率比其他時間都高。根據句意應用一般現在時。
答案:A
4.eager adj.熱心的,熱切的,渴望的,急切的
【典型例句】
He looked around the circle of eager faces.
他看了看四周熱切的臉龐。
She is eager for success.她渴望成功。
She sounded very eager to meet you.
聽得出來她非常渴望見到你。
[劍橋高階]
【詞語辨析】
(1)表示“擔心的”“焦慮的”這一意義時,只能用anxious,不用
eager;表示 “為……擔心”,一般用介詞about /for。
He is anxious about (或for) her safety.他擔心她的安全。
(2)表示“熱切的”“渴望的”這一意義時,兩者都可用,但有以下幾點需注意:
①anxious之后一般用介詞for,而eager之后可接介詞for,after,about等。
He is anxious for a bike.他渴望有一輛自行車。
We are all eager for (或after) knowledge.我們都求知心切。
②兩者之后均可接“(for sb.)+不定式”,表示“渴望或想要(某人)做某事”。
He is anxious (或eager) to marry her.
他渴望能與她結婚。
He was anxious (或eager) for me to go.他想要我去。
③兩者之后均可接that從句,且從句謂語一般都用“should+動詞原形”。
I’m anxious (或eager) that they should win.我很希望他們會獲勝。
即學即用
⑧Our parents always get a little bit ________ if we don’t manage to arrive when we say we will.
A.eager
B.anxious
C.patient
D.earnest
解析:我們的父母經常會有點擔憂,當我們說回去而又沒到時。本題表示“擔憂”,故只能用B。
答案:B
5. discourage vt.使泄氣,使沮喪,勸阻;打消,阻擋,防止
【精講拓展】
be discouraged at/by...
discourage sb. from doing...
discouragement n.泄氣,灰心;挫折
discouraged adj.灰心喪氣的,沮喪的
discouraging adj.令人泄氣的
【典型例句】
She was discouraged by setbacks.她因挫折而灰心了。
The thought of how much work she had to do discouraged her.
一想到還有那么多活兒得做她就泄了氣。
[劍橋高階]
We discouraged him from giving up the job.
我們勸他不要放棄那份工作。
The rain discouraged us from going out.
雨打消了我們外出的念頭。
即學即用
用discourage的適當形式填空
⑨He refused to give up in spite of many ________.
⑩Learners can feel ________ if an exercise is too difficult.
?It may be hard to do at first.Don’t let this ________ you.
?Today’s report on the economy is rather ________.
答案:⑨discouragements ⑩discouraged ?discourage ?discouraging
6.witness vt.目擊,親眼看到;vi.作證,證明,成為……的證據;
n.目擊者,見證人
【典型例句】
Did you witness the accident?你親眼看到那次事故了嗎?
He witnessed the truth of my statement.他證明我的陳述真實。
He witnessed to having seen the man enter the room.
他作證說看到那個男人進入房間。
注意:witness to中to是介詞
The police found the witness to the murder.
警察找到了那件謀殺案的目擊者。
His offer bears witness to his kindness.
他的提議證明了他的善意。
[美國傳統]
即學即用
? After the explosion,the policemen did a lot of work to find out some clues from the ________.
A.on-lookers
B.viewers
C.people
D.witnesses
解析:句意:爆炸發生后,警察做了很多工作去從目擊證人處尋找線索。只有D符合題意。A.旁觀者;B.觀眾。
答案:D
7.vivid adj.鮮艷的;鮮明的;強烈的;有生氣的;活潑的,生動
的;逼真的;清晰的
【典型例句】
The actresses were wearing vivid historical costumes.
女演員們穿著鮮艷的古裝。
His girlfriend is a vivid young dancer.
他的女朋友是個活潑的青年舞蹈家。
He gave a very vivid and often shocking account/description of
his time in prison.他生動地講述/描述了他的獄中生活,他說的
常讓人覺得很震驚。
[劍橋高階]
即學即用
?I’m not surprised that he became a writer.Even as a child he had a ________ imagination.(2009·天津,13)
A.clear
B.cautious
C.funny
D.vivid
解析:句意:他成為作家,我毫不驚訝。孩提時,他就有豐富的想象力。vivid“生動的,逼真的”;clear“清楚的”;cautious“小心的”;funny“滑稽的”。
答案:D
1.knock sb.over弄翻,打倒,撞倒
【精講拓展】
knock about 接連打擊(指拳擊),(浪等)反復沖擊(船只);
[口]到處流浪,漫游
knock down 打(撞)倒;拆除,拆開
knock into 把(某種知識)灌輸給……;與……相撞;[口]
偶然碰到(某人)
knock off則指從某個地方(被)撞倒
knock out 敲出
knock at 敲門
【典型例句】
A boy was knocked over by a passing car but was
fortunately unhurt.
一個男孩被一輛路過的汽車撞倒了,幸運的是沒有受 傷。
I accidentally knocked the glass of water over.
我無意中打翻了那杯水。[美國傳統]
He knocked a glass over.他把玻璃杯打翻了。
即學即用
?________ at the door before entering,please.
A.Knocked
B.To knock
C.Knocking
D.Knock
解析:本題考查祈使句,所以句首用knock。
答案:D
2.in a way在某種程度上說(或in some ways,in one way)
【精講拓展】
in the (或one’s) way 擋道,妨礙
all the way一路上,一直;完全
on one’s way to在某人去……的路上
by the way順便說說,順便提起
by way of經由
in no way決不
In some ways,television is more challenging than theatre.
從某種意義上講,電視比戲劇更有挑戰性。
In a way,a teacher is like a dictionary,particularly an English teacher.
從某種程度上講,教師像一本字典,特別是英語老師。
I like her approach to problems in a way.
從某種意義上說,我喜歡她處理問題的方法。
[美國傳統]
【典型例句】