【高考預(yù)測(cè)】

　　書面表達(dá)題是考查英語(yǔ)知識(shí)綜合能力的試題,它要求考生既要有豐富的語(yǔ)言知識(shí)，又要有較強(qiáng)的筆頭

　　良達(dá)能力。高考書面表達(dá)試題是每年高考試題中考試信度、區(qū)分度、效度最為明顯的“瓶頸”試題之一。其得分 )6多少，對(duì)全卷的總成績(jī)有著舉足輕重的影響。

　　一、解題技巧

　　1.分析提示的內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)

　　在解答書面表達(dá)試題時(shí)，應(yīng)該仔細(xì)審題，看懂提示所表達(dá)的意思，根據(jù)提示內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)來(lái)決定采用什么樣的語(yǔ)言形式。首先要認(rèn)清體裁。書面表達(dá)試題一般采用指導(dǎo)性寫作和開放性寫作。指導(dǎo)性寫作的體裁、內(nèi)容和篇幅部有明確的規(guī)定。體裁有敘述文、描寫文、說(shuō)明文和應(yīng)用文。提供材料的方式或通過(guò)文字，或是圖表，或是表格，但所要求的體裁是唯一的。其次要考慮文章的主要時(shí)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤是閱卷時(shí)最容易發(fā)現(xiàn)的錯(cuò)誤之一，也是考生語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力較差的顯著標(biāo)志，在寫作中要力求避免時(shí)態(tài)的錯(cuò)誤。

　　2.注意行文的連貫性

　　高考試題在命題時(shí)一般會(huì)考慮到計(jì)分的統(tǒng)一尺度，因此在內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)的得分點(diǎn)上做了科學(xué)的安排。從近幾年的試題分析來(lái)看，得分點(diǎn)有六七個(gè)。一般來(lái)說(shuō)這方面的誤差或遺漏不多。失分的主要原因往往是各個(gè)要點(diǎn)之間缺乏連貫，缺少內(nèi)在的聯(lián)系。往往有些考生只是將內(nèi)容要點(diǎn)一一寫出，如同翻譯，沒(méi)有成文。

　　二、如何提高書面表達(dá)試題的得分

　　綜觀典型例題考書面表達(dá)試題，試題在命題上有著很大的改進(jìn)，正漸漸朝開放性寫作方向發(fā)展。要想得到好的分?jǐn)?shù)，應(yīng)該注意以下幾點(diǎn):

　　1.寫好主題句

　　高考的書面表達(dá)有字?jǐn)?shù)的限制，因此，無(wú)論是指導(dǎo)性寫作還是開放性寫作，都需要一個(gè)主題句。圍繞主題句展開的寫作，會(huì)給人以中心突出的感覺(jué)，才能說(shuō)明抓住了短文表達(dá)的關(guān)鍵。

　　2.句式結(jié)構(gòu)的多樣性

　　在寫書面表達(dá)時(shí)，需要用到多種句式。句式不同，表達(dá)的效果就會(huì)不同。尤其是句式表達(dá)不能單一，應(yīng)該富有變化。

　　3.過(guò)渡詞語(yǔ)的使用要謹(jǐn)慎

　　書面表達(dá)句與句之間、段與段之間的過(guò)渡必須要自然流暢，這樣才能使文章思路清晰、邏輯性強(qiáng)。例如表示增加的過(guò)渡詞:also, and, and then, too, in addition, moreover, again, another, first, second 等;表示時(shí)間順序的過(guò)渡詞 :now, then, before, after, afterwards, earlier, later, immediately, soon, in a few days, gradually, suddenly, finally ;表示空間順序的過(guò)渡詞:near, far from, in front of, behind, beside, beyond, above, below, to the right, around, outside 等;表示原因、目的、總結(jié)的過(guò)渡詞: in the same way, just like, but, still, yet, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in spite of, because, as a result, for this reason, in fact, above all, for example, finally, at last, in other words等。

　　三、書面表達(dá)題的易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)點(diǎn)睛

　　高考英語(yǔ)試題中的書面表達(dá)和漢語(yǔ)的命題作文有些不同，其提供的形式有圖畫、圖表(表格)、提綱、情景以及開放式作文。值得一提的是，命題的方向越來(lái)越朝開放性方向發(fā)展。這樣，更能考查到學(xué)生的語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力。下面我們以典型例題考試題來(lái)分析一下各種形式的書面表達(dá)試題。

　　1.(2024精選模擬)書面表達(dá)

　　情景作文

　　美國(guó)中學(xué)生Jeff將要來(lái)你所在的紅星中學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)中文，經(jīng)協(xié)商安排住在你家。假設(shè)你是李華，請(qǐng)給Jeff寫一封信，按照下圖順序介紹他來(lái)中國(guó)后的生活安排。

　　注意:(1)信的開頭已為你寫好。

　　(2)詞數(shù)不少于60。

　　Dear Jeff,

　　I’m Li Hua from Beijing Hongxing Middle School. I’m very happy to learn that you’re going to stay with my family while you’re in Beijing.

　　Best wishes,

　　Li

　　Hua

　　試題分析

　　本題的體裁是書信，主要內(nèi)容是介紹他來(lái)中國(guó)后的生活安排，強(qiáng)調(diào)的細(xì)節(jié)是住處、如何上學(xué)以及學(xué)校生活，同時(shí)要求按照?qǐng)D畫的順序來(lái)寫。只要把握了以上幾點(diǎn)，那么這篇文章的主題就被抓住了。審題后，在上面的基礎(chǔ)上從大腦中確定該用的詞匯和短語(yǔ)。例如:提供pro- vide，靠近be quite close to，食堂dining hall，可口的中國(guó)飯萊the delicious Chinese food，和朋友交談talk with friends，參與活動(dòng)join other students in playing...。現(xiàn)在需要把所有的要點(diǎn)組成文章了。選用一些上文提到的過(guò)渡詞會(huì)使文章看上去層次分明，意義連貫。當(dāng)然，書信的結(jié)尾要加上類似如If you have any questions or requests， please let me know.We’ll try our best to make your stay here in Bejing a pleasant experience.的句子，使文章更加符合英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣。

　　IA Hua One possible version:

　　Dear Jeff,

　　I’m Li Hua fiom Beijing Hongxing Middle School. I’m very happy to learn that you’re going to stay with my family while you’re in Beijing.

　　While you are here, we’ll provide you with a room of your own with a bed, a desk, a couple of chairs and a TV. You’ll

　　also have your own bathroom. Our school is quite close to our home, so we could go to school together by bike. At noon we’ll

　　eat at the school dining hall. I’m sure you’ll like the delicious Chinese food there, and enjoy talking with friends over lunch. Classes in our school usually finish at 4 in the afternoon. You can then join other students in playing ball games or swimming. It’ll be a lot of fun.

　　If you have any questions or requests, please let me know. We’ II try our best to make your stay here in Beijing a pleasant experience.

　　Best wishes,

　　Li Hua

　　2.(2024精選模擬)書面表達(dá)開放作文

　　請(qǐng)根據(jù)下面提示，寫一篇短文。詞數(shù)不少于50。

　　In your English class, the teacher shows this picture of a little boy looking into a mirror, and asks the class to discuss it. Your classmates have different understandings.

　　Look at the picture carefully and tell the class how you understand the picture. Write what you would say on the next page.

　　試題分析

　　做好開放性書面表達(dá)題，首先要讀清背景介紹。本題是老師要求學(xué)生就一個(gè)小男孩站在鏡子前的畫面來(lái)說(shuō)說(shuō)自己的理解。答案當(dāng)然是多種多樣的，但文章的結(jié)尾應(yīng)該或是給人以啟示，或是一些感悟，或是最終的事實(shí)結(jié)局等。

　　One possible version:

　　We can see in the picture a little boy standing in front of a mirror. He’s letting his imagination fly. What he sees in the mirror is not his physical self but what he will be like in twenty years. Mthough he is small and short now, he believes he will grow up to be a tall and strong young man like Yao Ming, who he admires. I think this picture tries to tell us that we should always look into the future with hope and confidence.

　　3.(2024精選模擬) 書面表達(dá)看圖作文

　　下面四幅圖片描述的是，星期一早晨李華在上學(xué)路上經(jīng)歷的一件事。請(qǐng)根據(jù)圖片所提供的信息以第三人稱用英語(yǔ)寫一篇短文。

　　注意:(1)短文必須包括所有圖片的主要內(nèi)容，短文的內(nèi)容要連貫、完整；

　　(2)短文單詞數(shù):100左右(開頭已給出的單詞不計(jì)人單詞總數(shù))。

　　試題分析

　　此題是一篇看圖作文。從所給的圖畫來(lái)看，要把握以下要點(diǎn):(1)等車；(2)車內(nèi)情況簡(jiǎn)介；(3)圖畫中的插入語(yǔ)；(4)在大家的幫助下，車重新啟動(dòng)了；(5)結(jié)尾的發(fā)揮。

　　One possible version:

　　It was snowing heavily on Monday morning. Li Hua was at the bus stop, waiting for Bus No. 601 to go to school. After a while, a bus came and she got on it. There were many passengers in the bus. Some were talking and some were looking out of the windows. Suddenly the bus stopped. The driver turned around and said, “Sorry. The bus has broken down. Please get off and help push the bus.”When they heard this, Li Hua and the other passengers got off the bus. They worked hard together, pushing the bus slowly forward. Soon the bus was running again. All the passengers were

　　smiling and the sun was shining

　　4.(2024精選模擬)書面表達(dá)圖表作文(25分)

　　人們對(duì)于學(xué)生網(wǎng)上交友持不同意見。請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫一篇關(guān)于學(xué)生網(wǎng)上交友的短文，介紹人們的不同觀點(diǎn)，并表達(dá)自己的看法。

　　贊成的理由 反對(duì)的理由 你的看法

　　廣交朋友

　　可自由表達(dá)思想

　　利于外語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí) 浪費(fèi)時(shí)間

　　影響學(xué)習(xí)

　　可能上當(dāng)受騙

　　?

　　注意: (1)文章必須包括表中的全部?jī)?nèi)容。

　　(2)詞數(shù)為100左右。

　　(3)參考詞匯：網(wǎng)絡(luò)朋友on-line friend(s)，上當(dāng)受騙to be cheated

　　試題分析

　　本題是小議論文的體裁。首先，要確保要點(diǎn)的完整，即贊成的理由；其次，段落的過(guò)渡是得高分的關(guān)鍵。

　　One possible version:

　　Should students make friends on line ? Some people say yes. The intemet helps make many friends. Chatting on line, students can more freely express their feelings and opinions, and even get help with their foreign language studies.

　　Others, however, think students should not. They say making friends on line is a waste of time, which should be

　　spent more meaningfully on study. Besides , some students get cheated on line.

　　It is my opinion that students should place their study, health and safety before other things. As for friendship, we can readily find it in our classmates and other people around us.

　　5.(2024精選模擬)書面表達(dá)提綱作文

　　你的堂兄建華在國(guó)外學(xué)習(xí)，你們經(jīng)常用英文通信。他即將完成學(xué)業(yè)，不久前來(lái)信就是否回國(guó)工作征求你的意見。請(qǐng)根據(jù)下列提示回信：

　　(1)建議他回國(guó)；

　?。?)你的理由是：1)學(xué)有所用，就業(yè)容易；2)照顧父母。

　　注意：(1)詞數(shù)100左右；

　　(2)行文應(yīng)連貫，內(nèi)容應(yīng)完整；

　　(3)口頭語(yǔ)與落款已為你寫好。

　　Dear Jianhua,

　　I’m very glad to have received the letter you sent to me two week ago.

　　June 8th

　　One possible version: 【典型習(xí)題導(dǎo)練】

　　1.某中學(xué)生英語(yǔ)報(bào)社正在開展一場(chǎng)題為“Young teachers or elderly teachers，which do you prefer?”的討論。請(qǐng)你依據(jù)下面表格所提供的要點(diǎn)寫一篇短文，向該報(bào)社投稿。

　　老年老師 青年教師

　　教學(xué)耐心；講解細(xì)致；經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富 精力充沛；教學(xué)活潑；敢于創(chuàng)新

　　你的觀點(diǎn)?

　　注意：(1)詞數(shù)100左右，口頭語(yǔ)已寫好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)；

　　(2)短文必須包含表格的全部?jī)?nèi)容，要求觀點(diǎn)明確、結(jié)構(gòu)合理。

　　答案:

　　One possible version:

　　Opinions are divided on this questions. Some students may like elderly teachers’teaching because they think elderly teachers have more teaching experience and that they tend to be patient and careful with explanations. However, I prefer to be taught by young teachers. Firstly, we students have much in common with them. So they are our friends as well as our teachers. Secondly, they are energetic and enthusiastic. Usually they can make their classes lively and interesting. Besides, they are more ready to accept or create new ieas, including teaching. Thirdly, most young teachers devote themselves to their work, making them teach creatively and effectively.

　　In a word, I prefer young teachers to elderly teachers.

　　2.假設(shè)你是劉明，是即將參加高考的學(xué)生。你的英語(yǔ)其他題目都做的不錯(cuò)，但是作文總寫不好。你給在你們學(xué)校工作過(guò)的外籍教師Jared發(fā)一封E-mail，就如何提高英語(yǔ)寫作這個(gè)問(wèn)題向他請(qǐng)教，并請(qǐng)他幫忙批改你附上的作文，指出問(wèn)題的所在，怎么改進(jìn)。

　　注意:字?jǐn)?shù)100左右；內(nèi)容上可以適當(dāng)發(fā)揮；參考詞匯:附(attached to)

　　答案:

　　One possible version:

　　Dear Jared,

　　I’m in Senior 3 now and I’m preparing for the coming

　　eollege entranee examination. I’m sure I can answer all the

　　questions in NMET except writing. I have put my heart into English writing, but I still don’t know how to write a good

　　composition. What shall I do? You know, the college entrance examination is very important. I’m getting more and more worried with the time passing by. So I want get some help from you.

　　I believed you are kind enough to help, aren’t you? The composition attached to the E - mail is one of mine. Would you please correct it, point out the mistakes and tell me how to improve my writing? Thank you!

　　Yours,

　　Liu

　　3.下面是一則發(fā)布在“Language Today Magazine”上的招生廣告。請(qǐng)以Joanne Kostopoulos的名義給該英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言學(xué)校寫封信，詢問(wèn)一些細(xì)節(jié)問(wèn)題。詞數(shù):100左右。 (收信和發(fā)信的地址、日期、稱呼已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。

　　生詞:accommodation住所

　　68 Mesologiou St.

　　Glyfada 165 61

　　Athens, Greece

　　16 September

　　The Winston School of English

　　21 St Martin’s Lane

　　Bakerley

　　West Sussex BA3 ISX

　　England

　　Dear Sir/Madam,

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Joanne Kostopoulos

　　答案:

　　One possible version:

　　68 Mesologiou St.

　　Glyfada 165 61

　　Athens, Greece

　　16 Septembe

　　The Winston School of English

　　21 St Martin’s Lane

　　Bakerley

　　West Sussex BA3 ISX

　　England

　　Dear Sir/Madam,

　　I am writing with regard to your advertisement publishe m in Language Today Magazine. I am interested in attending language course in England this summer and I would appreciate some further information about your school.

　　Firstly, I would like to know the number of students you normally have in

　　a class

　　and what their average

　　age would be.

　　Furthermore, it would be my pleasure if I know the details about the out—of—school activities and how they help students improve their language skills.

　　Finally, I want to he informed of the exact starting time of the course and the expenses of the accommodation.

　　Looking forward to hearing from you.

　　Yours sincerely,

　　Joanne Kostopoulos

　　4.假如你叫李華，參加了學(xué)校開展的“有煩惱向誰(shuí)說(shuō)”的調(diào)查活動(dòng)，調(diào)查結(jié)果如圖所示，請(qǐng)用英語(yǔ)給校報(bào)編輯寫一封信，內(nèi)容包括；調(diào)查結(jié)果(不局限于用分?jǐn)?shù)表述)、理由及自己的想法。

　　注意:(1)語(yǔ)句通順，合乎邏輯，書信格式正確；

　　(2)寫信的日期:5月10日；

　　(3)字?jǐn)?shù):120詞左右。

　　向同學(xué)、朋友說(shuō)(理由:年齡相仿容易交流與理解)

　　向老師家長(zhǎng)說(shuō)(理由:有愛(ài)心、有經(jīng)驗(yàn)、可以信任)

　　自己獨(dú)自解決(理由:不愿與人交流、難以與人相處)

　　答案:

　　One possible version:

　　May 10th

　　Dear Editor,

　　I am a student in Senior One. We have made a survey —“To whom you go when in trouble”, Here are the resuits. Most of the students will go to their classmates or friends when in trouble because they’re almost of the same age,they can talk with, communicate with and understand each other easily. Some students will tell their teachers or parents

　　about their troubles as the teachers and parents have rich experience and love them very much. They can be trusted by these students. Only a few students solve their problems all by themselves. They hate to talk with others and can’t get on well with others. They have few friends.