【把握高考】2024高三英語最新專題綜合演練《Module 5 A Lesson in a Lab》課件 外研版版必修1
知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)二
短語 1. add...to... 往……加入……;把……加到/進(jìn)……里 歸納拓展 add up sth. =add sth. up 把……加起來 add up to總共是;總計(jì)為(不用于被動語態(tài)) add that...補(bǔ)充道…… add in算入;包括 add to增加;加到 例句:Add some oil to the water.往水中加入一些油。 Add your scores up and we will see who win. 把你們的分?jǐn)?shù)加起來,我們就可以看出誰贏了。 The continuous rain added to our difficulty in rebuilding the dam. 持續(xù)的降雨增加了我們重修大壩的困難。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 —Did little Kate help you with the work yesterday? —Why?Yes.But her help,as a matter of fact, ________ my difficulty.What a naughty girl! A.added up to B.added up C.added to D.added 【解析】考查短語add to“增加,添加”的用法。句意為:——昨天小凱特幫助你工作了嗎?——什么?是的。但是事實(shí)上,她的幫助增加了我的困難。她是個(gè)調(diào)皮的小女孩!add up to“合計(jì)為,總計(jì)為”;add up“把……加起來”。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 2.used to do sth.過去常常做某事 歸納拓展 (1)It used to be said that...過去人們常說…… There used to be...過去有…… (2)be/get used to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(to為介詞,后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞) be used to do sth.被用來做某事(use在此為“使用”之意,是其被動語態(tài),后跟不定式) (3)used to否定主語+used not to do 主語+did not use to do 疑問Used+主語+to do...? Did+主語+use to do...? 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:I used to go to the cinema a lot,but I never get the time now. 我過去常看電影,但現(xiàn)在根本沒時(shí)間。 Did there use to be a hotel on that corner? 那個(gè)拐角處過去有家旅館嗎? The old man gets used to walking after supper. 這位老人習(xí)慣于晚飯后散步。 Wood can be used to make tables. 木材可用來制造桌子。 知識要點(diǎn) 同類辨析 used to do與would (1)used to do只有過去式,表示過去常做的事或過去的狀態(tài)。主要與現(xiàn)在比較,暗示現(xiàn)在不再這樣了。 (2)would用來表示過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作。多有時(shí)間狀語加以限定,意為“總是”,不表示過去存在的狀態(tài)。 例句:He used to go fishing on Sunday. 過去他常在星期天去釣魚。(現(xiàn)在已不去了) On Sundays he would come to my college to see me.周日他總是來學(xué)校看我。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①You didn’t use to like him much when we were at school, _________? A.were we B.weren’t we C.did you D.didn’t you 【解析】考查含有used to的反意疑問句的用法。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) ②I ________ in the house which_________ books and magazines. A.am used to live; used to keeping B.used to live; has been used to keeping C.having been used to living; was used to keep D.used to live; is used to keep 【解析】句意為:我過去曾經(jīng)在現(xiàn)在存放書和雜志的房子里住過。第一個(gè)空表示“過去住過”要用used to do sth.的形式;第二個(gè)空表示“被用來做……”要用be used to do的形式。 【答案】D 知識要點(diǎn) 3. keep...out of...使……進(jìn)不去;不讓……進(jìn)入;把……擋在外面 歸納拓展 keep away離開,避開 keep back退縮;隱瞞;留(扣)下;阻止 keep sb. from (doing) sth.阻止某人做某事 keep up (with) 跟上;不落在后面 keep it up不松勁,照原樣繼續(xù)下去 keep off讓開,避開 keep on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 keep on with (doing sth.)繼續(xù)(做某事) keep out把……關(guān)在外面;阻止入內(nèi);不參加 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:This will keep air out of the water. 這會把空氣阻擋在水之外。 I have always tried to keep out of their quarrel. 我總是盡可能的不卷入他們的爭吵中。 You won’t be able to keep the truth from her father. 你是瞞不了她父親事實(shí)真相的。 It’s hard to keep up with the changes in computer technology. 要跟上電腦技術(shù)的變化是很難的。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 A certain percentage of your salary is _________ by the employer as an insurance payment. A.kept away B.kept out C.kept back D.kept up 【解析】句意為:你薪水的一定的百分比被雇主留下用于支付保險(xiǎn)金。keep back“扣留,留下”,符合題意。keep away“遠(yuǎn)離”;keep out“使……進(jìn)不去”;keep up (with)“跟上”。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)三
句型 It is hard to think of a world without metals. 很難想象一個(gè)沒有金屬的世界。 歸納拓展 (1)It is /seems /feels...+adj.+to do句型中it用作形式主語,真正的主語為動詞不定式。 (2)It be+adj.+for sb.to do sth.句型中表語說明不定式行為的特點(diǎn),常見的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,expensive,impossible,possible 等。 (3)It be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.句型中作表語的形容詞是對 sb.及其行為的評價(jià),此類形容詞有 good,kind,nice,wise,wrong,clever,brave,honest 等。 (4)It be+adj./n.+ that從句 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:It seems only reasonable to ask students to buy a dictionary. 要學(xué)生買一本詞典,好像也沒什么不合情理的。 It’s careless of you to make so many mistakes in this exam.
在這次考試中你出了這么多錯,真是太粗心了。 It’s difficult to finish the task in such a short period of time.
在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)很困難。 Is it true that the Smiths are emigrating? 史密斯一家要移民,這是真的嗎? 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 —Do you think Jack is to blame? —Yeah,it was very rude ________ facial paper to the guests at the table. A.of him to throw B.for him to throw C.that he threw D.enough to throw 【解析】此題是“It’s+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.”句型。rude是對杰克及其行為的評價(jià),所以介詞選用of,故選A。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)四
語法 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 基本用法: (1)表示倍數(shù)的三個(gè)句型 ①...times as+adj./adv.原級+as... ②...times the+性質(zhì)名詞+of... ③...times+adj./adv.比較級+than... 例句:This table is three times as big as that one. =This table is three times the size of that one. =This table is twice bigger than that one. 這張桌子是那張桌子的三倍大。 知識要點(diǎn) (2)同級的比較,用as...as,the same as,such...as引導(dǎo)。 例句:Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is). =Henry is such a good worker as Peter (is). 亨利和彼得一樣都是好工人。 (3)“比較級+and+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)(兩個(gè)同義形容詞的比較級),表示“越來越……”的意思。 “the+比較級,the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“越……就越……”。 例句:As time goes on,the boy is getting more and more diligent.這孩子的勤奮與日俱增。 The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越感到高興。 知識要點(diǎn) (4)“the+比較級+of the two”意為“兩者之中更……的一個(gè)”。 例句:The larger of the two islands is Britain,which lies to the east of Ireland. 兩個(gè)島中較大的是大不列顛島,位于愛爾蘭東部。 (5)比較級和否定詞連用,意為“最……不過”。 例句:The situation couldn’t be worse. 形勢再糟糕不過。 They have never seen a movie better than this one.他們從未看過這么好的電影。 知識要點(diǎn) (6)注意no+比較級+than句型的特殊含義。 A is no more careful than B. A和B兩人都不仔細(xì)。 A is no less careful than B. A和B兩人都很仔細(xì)。 A is not more careful than B. A不如B仔細(xì)。 A is not less careful than B. A的仔細(xì)程度并不弱于B。 知識要點(diǎn) (7)一個(gè)人的兩種性質(zhì)的比較,用“more...than...”結(jié)構(gòu)。 例句:—Ann acts quite unfriendly. 安表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)不友好。 —I think she’s more shy than unfriendly. 我認(rèn)為與其說她不友好,不如說她害羞。 (8)比較的對象不能相互包容。 比較級+than+
any other+單數(shù)名詞 all (the) other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 anyone else any of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States. 密西西比河比美國其他任何一條河流都長。 China is larger than all the other countries in Asia. 中國比亞洲的其他任何國家都大。 China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國比非洲的任何一個(gè)國家都大。 知識要點(diǎn) (9)比較的對象應(yīng)該相同。 例句:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai. 這里的天氣比上海的暖和。 The radios made in our factory are better than those (made) in your factory. 我們工廠制造的收音機(jī)比你們工廠的要好。 知識要點(diǎn) (10)常見的修飾比較級的修飾語有rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑問句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit,slightly等。 例句:The students study even harder than before. 學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)比以前更努力了。 A car runs a great deal faster than a bike. 汽車比自行車跑得快多了。 This problem is a bit harder than that one. 這個(gè)問題比那一個(gè)稍難。 This article is a little more hard than those ones.這篇文章比那些稍難一點(diǎn)兒。 知識要點(diǎn) (11)注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象。 在日常交際中,彼此都明白的比較對象往往省略。這種省略現(xiàn)象給正確判斷造成一定的障礙,高考題中出現(xiàn)率較高,應(yīng)引起足夠的重視。 例句:—What do you think of the film? 你覺得這部電影怎么樣? —I have never seen a better one.(后邊省略了than this film)我沒有看過比這部更好的了。 Tom’s composition,if not better(省略了than Jack’s),is at least as good as Jack’s. 湯姆的作文如果不比杰克的更好,也至少和杰克的作文一樣好。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①—Do you think the weather is good enough for an outing? —Yes, you couldn’t hope for ________ at this time of the year. A.the nicer day B.a nicer day C.the nicest day D.a nice day 【解析】考查形容詞比較級與否定詞連用,表示最高級含義的用法。you couldn’t hope for a nicer day at the time of the year.“在一年中的這個(gè)時(shí)候你不可能再期待比這更好的日子了”。 【答案】B 知識要點(diǎn) ②—This house looks beautiful,doesn’t it? —Well,I’d rather have a house _________ to look,but __________ to live in. A.not beautiful;most comfortable B.less beautiful;more comfortable C.less beautiful;most comfortable D.beautiful;comfortable 【解析】后半句句意為“我寧愿房子看起來不是那么漂亮,但住起來更加舒服”。前后要一致,故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 知識要點(diǎn) ③—Is this your second car? —Yes.Blue is always my colour.It is a little _________ but still fits _________ into the garage. A.wider;easily B.widest;more easily C.wider;more easily D.widest;easily 【解析】考查比較級。第一空表示這輛車和以前的車相比較,用形容詞的比較級;第二空所填詞修飾動詞“fit”,應(yīng)用副詞,無比較之意,因此選A。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) ④Though he started late,Mr Guo played the piano as well as,if _________ ,Miss Liu. A.not better than B.not better C.no better than D.no better 【解析】句意為:雖然郭先生鋼琴學(xué)得晚,可是他彈得即使不比劉小姐更好,也至少和她一樣好。因?yàn)橛蠱iss Liu作賓語,than不可以省略,所以排除B和D;no
better than表示“兩者都不好”,而本題是說郭先生彈得不錯,故排除C項(xiàng);not better than表示“不比……更好”。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) ⑤John is the tallest boy in the class, ________ according to himself. A.five foot eight as tall as B.as tall as five foot eight C.as five foot eight tall as D.as tall five foot eight as 【解析】five foot eight意為“五英尺八英寸”,放在as tall as后表示個(gè)子的高度。 【答案】B Thank you ! 高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書 英
語 必修1 Module 5
A Lesson in a Lab 課程解讀 話題 A Lesson in a Lab(一堂實(shí)驗(yàn)課) 功能 Using sequence(表達(dá)順序) 語法 Degrees of comparison(比較等級) 課程解讀 重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展 1.contract vi.& n.收縮;(訂)合約 2.float vi.漂浮 3.expand vi.膨脹→expansion n.膨脹 4.mixture n.混合物→mix v.混合 5.electricity n.電→electrical adj.電的,和電有關(guān)的→electric adj.發(fā)電的,用電的 6.reaction n.反應(yīng)→react vi.反應(yīng) 7.equipment n.設(shè)備,裝備→equip vt.裝置 8.astonished adj.吃驚的;驚愕的→astonishing adj.令人吃驚的→astonish vt.驚訝,吃驚→astonishment n.驚訝,驚奇 9.aim n.& v.目標(biāo);以……為目標(biāo)→aimless adj.漫無目的的 10.balance n.天平;平衡→balanced adj.平衡的 重點(diǎn)短語 1.react with與……反應(yīng) 2.add ...to往……加入 3.used
to過去常常 4.be proud of因……而自豪 5.be supposed to理應(yīng);應(yīng)該 6.put...in order 使……整齊;使……有條理 7.keep ... out of 防止……進(jìn)入;不讓……靠近…… 重點(diǎn)句型 1.It is hard to think of a world without metals.很難想象一個(gè)沒有金屬的世界。 2.Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top,and the metals that react least at the bottom. 這兒有一個(gè)圖表,那些反應(yīng)最強(qiáng)烈的金屬在上部,反應(yīng)最不強(qiáng)烈的在下部。 3.The closer you are,the more you’ll see.你靠得越近,你看到的就越多。 知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)一
單詞 1. exist vi. 存在;生存(無被動式和進(jìn)行時(shí)) 歸納拓展 (1)There exists/existed...某地有……;存在…… exist in在于…… exist on=live on靠……生活/生存 (2)existence n.存在;生存 be in existence存在 come into existence開始產(chǎn)生,成立 bring into existence使產(chǎn)生 (3)existent adj.存在的;現(xiàn)行的 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:We can’t exist without food or water. 沒有食物和水我們就不能生存。 I can hardly exist on the wage that I’m getting. 我靠我掙的工資簡直難以糊口。 When did the world come into existence? 世界是什么時(shí)候開始存在的? 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①He doesn’t believe in the _________ of God. A.life B.exist C.existence D.exhibition 【解析】句意為:他不相信有上帝的存在。life“生命”;exist (v.)“存在,生存”;existence(n.)“存在”;exhibition“展覽”。根據(jù)句意選C。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) ②As everyone knows,since the Communist Party of China ________ in 1921,great changes have taken place in China. A.came into effect B.came into exist C.came into existence D.came into power 【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意為:眾所周知,自從1921年中國共產(chǎn)黨成立后,中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。come into existence“開始產(chǎn)生,成立”,符合題意。come into effect“生效,執(zhí)行”;come into exist短語本身錯誤;come into power“上臺,掌權(quán)”。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 2. conclusion n .結(jié)論,決定;結(jié)束,結(jié)局;協(xié)定,協(xié)議 歸納拓展 (1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出結(jié)論 make a conclusion下結(jié)論 bring...to a conclusion使……結(jié)束 in conclusion總而言之;最后 (2)conclude v.結(jié)束,斷定,推斷出 conclude
sth. (from sth.) (from sth.) that 推斷,斷定出 to conclude 最后(一句話) 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:I’ve come to the conclusion that he’s not the right person for the job. 我斷定他不適合做這項(xiàng)工作。 In conclusion, I would like to thank you for your coming to the meeting. 最后,我對各位出席這次會議表示感謝。 After waiting for half an hour, I concluded that he wouldn’t come at all. 等了半個(gè)小時(shí)后,我得出結(jié)論,他不會來了。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 The _________, I think,he drew from his simple experiment is not scientific. A.conclusion B.charge C.promise D.relation 【解析】考查名詞區(qū)別及動詞搭配。這里考查draw a conclusion“得出結(jié)論”這一固定短語,此題中conclusion提前了。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) 3. aim n.[C]目標(biāo),目的;[U]瞄準(zhǔn)vt.瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn),目標(biāo)在于
歸納拓展 (1)take aim at瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn) achieve/attain one’s aim達(dá)到目的 miss one’s aim打不中目標(biāo)/達(dá)不到目的 without aim漫無目的地 (2)aim at瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn);目的在于 aim gun at把槍瞄準(zhǔn)…… aim to do sth.旨在做某事 be aimed at針對;目的是,旨在 (3)aimless adj.無目的的;無目標(biāo)的; aimlessly adv.無目的地;無目標(biāo)地 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)需要團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。 He aimed the gun at the bird. 他用槍瞄準(zhǔn)那只鳥。 My sister aims to be a pilot when she leaves school. 我姐姐立志畢業(yè)后要成為飛行員。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 The farmer built long fences, ________ keeping the wild dogs out of them. A.aim at B.aim for C.aiming at D.aiming for 【解析】aim at“目標(biāo)在于”,此題中用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 4. form n. 表格;形式;外形;狀態(tài),精神vt. & vi.形成;構(gòu)成;組織;養(yǎng)成;培養(yǎng) 歸納拓展 (1)fill in/out the form填表 be in/out of form狀態(tài)良好/不好 in the form of...用……的形式 take the form of...采取……的形式 (2)form a good habit of形成一種……的好習(xí)慣 form in line排好隊(duì) form (=set up) a company創(chuàng)辦公司 form into組成……;編成…… 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:He is filling in the application form. 他正在填申請表。 The team were in excellent form throughout the whole competition. 這個(gè)隊(duì)在整個(gè)比賽過程中一直處于良好的狀態(tài)。 The cookies were all in the form of stars. 那些餅干的形狀像星星。 They formed the habit of getting up early when in high school.中學(xué)時(shí),他們養(yǎng)成了早起的習(xí)慣。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ________, the house is like the letter S. A.In form B.In the form C.With form D.In a form 【解析】in form“在形式上”。句意為:形式上,這座房子看起來像字母S。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) 5. balance n. 天平,秤;平衡;收支差額,余額 v.平衡;斟酌,權(quán)衡 歸納拓展 (1)keep a balance between A and B 保持A與B均衡 keep one’s balance保持(身體)平衡;保持鎮(zhèn)靜 lose one’s balance失去平衡,心慌意亂(表動作) be out of balance失去平衡(表狀態(tài)) in/on balance總的來說,權(quán)衡起來,兩相比較 (2)balance A against B 權(quán)衡/比較A與B (3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的;均衡的 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿著溜冰鞋能保持身體平衡嗎? You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before your final decision. 在作出決定之前,一定要權(quán)衡利弊。 His suggestion has, on balance, proved useful. 他的建議總的來說是有用的。 He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall. 他在墻上用雙臂保持平衡。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 There are both advantages and disadvantages in the scheme proposed,but _________ I think we should benefit by adopting it. A.on balance B.out of balance C.on the balance D.off balance 【解析】句意為:在這份提議的計(jì)劃書中,優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)同時(shí)存在,但是兩相比較,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該取其精華。on balance“總的來說,權(quán)衡起來,兩相比較”,符合題意。 【答案】A
知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)二
短語 1. add...to... 往……加入……;把……加到/進(jìn)……里 歸納拓展 add up sth. =add sth. up 把……加起來 add up to總共是;總計(jì)為(不用于被動語態(tài)) add that...補(bǔ)充道…… add in算入;包括 add to增加;加到 例句:Add some oil to the water.往水中加入一些油。 Add your scores up and we will see who win. 把你們的分?jǐn)?shù)加起來,我們就可以看出誰贏了。 The continuous rain added to our difficulty in rebuilding the dam. 持續(xù)的降雨增加了我們重修大壩的困難。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 —Did little Kate help you with the work yesterday? —Why?Yes.But her help,as a matter of fact, ________ my difficulty.What a naughty girl! A.added up to B.added up C.added to D.added 【解析】考查短語add to“增加,添加”的用法。句意為:——昨天小凱特幫助你工作了嗎?——什么?是的。但是事實(shí)上,她的幫助增加了我的困難。她是個(gè)調(diào)皮的小女孩!add up to“合計(jì)為,總計(jì)為”;add up“把……加起來”。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 2.used to do sth.過去常常做某事 歸納拓展 (1)It used to be said that...過去人們常說…… There used to be...過去有…… (2)be/get used to (doing) sth.習(xí)慣于做某事(to為介詞,后跟名詞、代詞或動名詞) be used to do sth.被用來做某事(use在此為“使用”之意,是其被動語態(tài),后跟不定式) (3)used to否定主語+used not to do 主語+did not use to do 疑問Used+主語+to do...? Did+主語+use to do...? 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:I used to go to the cinema a lot,but I never get the time now. 我過去常看電影,但現(xiàn)在根本沒時(shí)間。 Did there use to be a hotel on that corner? 那個(gè)拐角處過去有家旅館嗎? The old man gets used to walking after supper. 這位老人習(xí)慣于晚飯后散步。 Wood can be used to make tables. 木材可用來制造桌子。 知識要點(diǎn) 同類辨析 used to do與would (1)used to do只有過去式,表示過去常做的事或過去的狀態(tài)。主要與現(xiàn)在比較,暗示現(xiàn)在不再這樣了。 (2)would用來表示過去反復(fù)出現(xiàn)的動作。多有時(shí)間狀語加以限定,意為“總是”,不表示過去存在的狀態(tài)。 例句:He used to go fishing on Sunday. 過去他常在星期天去釣魚。(現(xiàn)在已不去了) On Sundays he would come to my college to see me.周日他總是來學(xué)校看我。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①You didn’t use to like him much when we were at school, _________? A.were we B.weren’t we C.did you D.didn’t you 【解析】考查含有used to的反意疑問句的用法。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) ②I ________ in the house which_________ books and magazines. A.am used to live; used to keeping B.used to live; has been used to keeping C.having been used to living; was used to keep D.used to live; is used to keep 【解析】句意為:我過去曾經(jīng)在現(xiàn)在存放書和雜志的房子里住過。第一個(gè)空表示“過去住過”要用used to do sth.的形式;第二個(gè)空表示“被用來做……”要用be used to do的形式。 【答案】D 知識要點(diǎn) 3. keep...out of...使……進(jìn)不去;不讓……進(jìn)入;把……擋在外面 歸納拓展 keep away離開,避開 keep back退縮;隱瞞;留(扣)下;阻止 keep sb. from (doing) sth.阻止某人做某事 keep up (with) 跟上;不落在后面 keep it up不松勁,照原樣繼續(xù)下去 keep off讓開,避開 keep on doing sth.繼續(xù)做某事 keep on with (doing sth.)繼續(xù)(做某事) keep out把……關(guān)在外面;阻止入內(nèi);不參加 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:This will keep air out of the water. 這會把空氣阻擋在水之外。 I have always tried to keep out of their quarrel. 我總是盡可能的不卷入他們的爭吵中。 You won’t be able to keep the truth from her father. 你是瞞不了她父親事實(shí)真相的。 It’s hard to keep up with the changes in computer technology. 要跟上電腦技術(shù)的變化是很難的。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 A certain percentage of your salary is _________ by the employer as an insurance payment. A.kept away B.kept out C.kept back D.kept up 【解析】句意為:你薪水的一定的百分比被雇主留下用于支付保險(xiǎn)金。keep back“扣留,留下”,符合題意。keep away“遠(yuǎn)離”;keep out“使……進(jìn)不去”;keep up (with)“跟上”。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)三
句型 It is hard to think of a world without metals. 很難想象一個(gè)沒有金屬的世界。 歸納拓展 (1)It is /seems /feels...+adj.+to do句型中it用作形式主語,真正的主語為動詞不定式。 (2)It be+adj.+for sb.to do sth.句型中表語說明不定式行為的特點(diǎn),常見的形容詞有easy,hard,difficult,important,necessary,expensive,impossible,possible 等。 (3)It be+adj.+of sb.to do sth.句型中作表語的形容詞是對 sb.及其行為的評價(jià),此類形容詞有 good,kind,nice,wise,wrong,clever,brave,honest 等。 (4)It be+adj./n.+ that從句 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:It seems only reasonable to ask students to buy a dictionary. 要學(xué)生買一本詞典,好像也沒什么不合情理的。 It’s careless of you to make so many mistakes in this exam.
在這次考試中你出了這么多錯,真是太粗心了。 It’s difficult to finish the task in such a short period of time.
在這么短的時(shí)間內(nèi)完成這項(xiàng)任務(wù)很困難。 Is it true that the Smiths are emigrating? 史密斯一家要移民,這是真的嗎? 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 —Do you think Jack is to blame? —Yeah,it was very rude ________ facial paper to the guests at the table. A.of him to throw B.for him to throw C.that he threw D.enough to throw 【解析】此題是“It’s+adj.+for/of sb.to do sth.”句型。rude是對杰克及其行為的評價(jià),所以介詞選用of,故選A。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)四
語法 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級 基本用法: (1)表示倍數(shù)的三個(gè)句型 ①...times as+adj./adv.原級+as... ②...times the+性質(zhì)名詞+of... ③...times+adj./adv.比較級+than... 例句:This table is three times as big as that one. =This table is three times the size of that one. =This table is twice bigger than that one. 這張桌子是那張桌子的三倍大。 知識要點(diǎn) (2)同級的比較,用as...as,the same as,such...as引導(dǎo)。 例句:Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is). =Henry is such a good worker as Peter (is). 亨利和彼得一樣都是好工人。 (3)“比較級+and+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu)(兩個(gè)同義形容詞的比較級),表示“越來越……”的意思。 “the+比較級,the+比較級”結(jié)構(gòu),表示“越……就越……”。 例句:As time goes on,the boy is getting more and more diligent.這孩子的勤奮與日俱增。 The busier he is, the happier he feels. 他越忙越感到高興。 知識要點(diǎn) (4)“the+比較級+of the two”意為“兩者之中更……的一個(gè)”。 例句:The larger of the two islands is Britain,which lies to the east of Ireland. 兩個(gè)島中較大的是大不列顛島,位于愛爾蘭東部。 (5)比較級和否定詞連用,意為“最……不過”。 例句:The situation couldn’t be worse. 形勢再糟糕不過。 They have never seen a movie better than this one.他們從未看過這么好的電影。 知識要點(diǎn) (6)注意no+比較級+than句型的特殊含義。 A is no more careful than B. A和B兩人都不仔細(xì)。 A is no less careful than B. A和B兩人都很仔細(xì)。 A is not more careful than B. A不如B仔細(xì)。 A is not less careful than B. A的仔細(xì)程度并不弱于B。 知識要點(diǎn) (7)一個(gè)人的兩種性質(zhì)的比較,用“more...than...”結(jié)構(gòu)。 例句:—Ann acts quite unfriendly. 安表現(xiàn)得相當(dāng)不友好。 —I think she’s more shy than unfriendly. 我認(rèn)為與其說她不友好,不如說她害羞。 (8)比較的對象不能相互包容。 比較級+than+
any other+單數(shù)名詞 all (the) other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 anyone else any of the other+復(fù)數(shù)名詞 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:The Mississippi River is longer than any other river in the United States. 密西西比河比美國其他任何一條河流都長。 China is larger than all the other countries in Asia. 中國比亞洲的其他任何國家都大。 China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國比非洲的任何一個(gè)國家都大。 知識要點(diǎn) (9)比較的對象應(yīng)該相同。 例句:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai. 這里的天氣比上海的暖和。 The radios made in our factory are better than those (made) in your factory. 我們工廠制造的收音機(jī)比你們工廠的要好。 知識要點(diǎn) (10)常見的修飾比較級的修飾語有rather,much,still,even,far,any(用于否定句或疑問句),a lot,a little,a great deal,by far,a bit,slightly等。 例句:The students study even harder than before. 學(xué)生們學(xué)習(xí)比以前更努力了。 A car runs a great deal faster than a bike. 汽車比自行車跑得快多了。 This problem is a bit harder than that one. 這個(gè)問題比那一個(gè)稍難。 This article is a little more hard than those ones.這篇文章比那些稍難一點(diǎn)兒。 知識要點(diǎn) (11)注意比較結(jié)構(gòu)中的省略現(xiàn)象。 在日常交際中,彼此都明白的比較對象往往省略。這種省略現(xiàn)象給正確判斷造成一定的障礙,高考題中出現(xiàn)率較高,應(yīng)引起足夠的重視。 例句:—What do you think of the film? 你覺得這部電影怎么樣? —I have never seen a better one.(后邊省略了than this film)我沒有看過比這部更好的了。 Tom’s composition,if not better(省略了than Jack’s),is at least as good as Jack’s. 湯姆的作文如果不比杰克的更好,也至少和杰克的作文一樣好。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①—Do you think the weather is good enough for an outing? —Yes, you couldn’t hope for ________ at this time of the year. A.the nicer day B.a nicer day C.the nicest day D.a nice day 【解析】考查形容詞比較級與否定詞連用,表示最高級含義的用法。you couldn’t hope for a nicer day at the time of the year.“在一年中的這個(gè)時(shí)候你不可能再期待比這更好的日子了”。 【答案】B 知識要點(diǎn) ②—This house looks beautiful,doesn’t it? —Well,I’d rather have a house _________ to look,but __________ to live in. A.not beautiful;most comfortable B.less beautiful;more comfortable C.less beautiful;most comfortable D.beautiful;comfortable 【解析】后半句句意為“我寧愿房子看起來不是那么漂亮,但住起來更加舒服”。前后要一致,故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 知識要點(diǎn) ③—Is this your second car? —Yes.Blue is always my colour.It is a little _________ but still fits _________ into the garage. A.wider;easily B.widest;more easily C.wider;more easily D.widest;easily 【解析】考查比較級。第一空表示這輛車和以前的車相比較,用形容詞的比較級;第二空所填詞修飾動詞“fit”,應(yīng)用副詞,無比較之意,因此選A。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) ④Though he started late,Mr Guo played the piano as well as,if _________ ,Miss Liu. A.not better than B.not better C.no better than D.no better 【解析】句意為:雖然郭先生鋼琴學(xué)得晚,可是他彈得即使不比劉小姐更好,也至少和她一樣好。因?yàn)橛蠱iss Liu作賓語,than不可以省略,所以排除B和D;no
better than表示“兩者都不好”,而本題是說郭先生彈得不錯,故排除C項(xiàng);not better than表示“不比……更好”。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) ⑤John is the tallest boy in the class, ________ according to himself. A.five foot eight as tall as B.as tall as five foot eight C.as five foot eight tall as D.as tall five foot eight as 【解析】five foot eight意為“五英尺八英寸”,放在as tall as后表示個(gè)子的高度。 【答案】B Thank you ! 高考總復(fù)習(xí)一輪用書 英
語 必修1 Module 5
A Lesson in a Lab 課程解讀 話題 A Lesson in a Lab(一堂實(shí)驗(yàn)課) 功能 Using sequence(表達(dá)順序) 語法 Degrees of comparison(比較等級) 課程解讀 重點(diǎn)詞匯及拓展 1.contract vi.& n.收縮;(訂)合約 2.float vi.漂浮 3.expand vi.膨脹→expansion n.膨脹 4.mixture n.混合物→mix v.混合 5.electricity n.電→electrical adj.電的,和電有關(guān)的→electric adj.發(fā)電的,用電的 6.reaction n.反應(yīng)→react vi.反應(yīng) 7.equipment n.設(shè)備,裝備→equip vt.裝置 8.astonished adj.吃驚的;驚愕的→astonishing adj.令人吃驚的→astonish vt.驚訝,吃驚→astonishment n.驚訝,驚奇 9.aim n.& v.目標(biāo);以……為目標(biāo)→aimless adj.漫無目的的 10.balance n.天平;平衡→balanced adj.平衡的 重點(diǎn)短語 1.react with與……反應(yīng) 2.add ...to往……加入 3.used
to過去常常 4.be proud of因……而自豪 5.be supposed to理應(yīng);應(yīng)該 6.put...in order 使……整齊;使……有條理 7.keep ... out of 防止……進(jìn)入;不讓……靠近…… 重點(diǎn)句型 1.It is hard to think of a world without metals.很難想象一個(gè)沒有金屬的世界。 2.Here is a table with the metals that react most at the top,and the metals that react least at the bottom. 這兒有一個(gè)圖表,那些反應(yīng)最強(qiáng)烈的金屬在上部,反應(yīng)最不強(qiáng)烈的在下部。 3.The closer you are,the more you’ll see.你靠得越近,你看到的就越多。 知識要點(diǎn) 要點(diǎn)一
單詞 1. exist vi. 存在;生存(無被動式和進(jìn)行時(shí)) 歸納拓展 (1)There exists/existed...某地有……;存在…… exist in在于…… exist on=live on靠……生活/生存 (2)existence n.存在;生存 be in existence存在 come into existence開始產(chǎn)生,成立 bring into existence使產(chǎn)生 (3)existent adj.存在的;現(xiàn)行的 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:We can’t exist without food or water. 沒有食物和水我們就不能生存。 I can hardly exist on the wage that I’m getting. 我靠我掙的工資簡直難以糊口。 When did the world come into existence? 世界是什么時(shí)候開始存在的? 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ①He doesn’t believe in the _________ of God. A.life B.exist C.existence D.exhibition 【解析】句意為:他不相信有上帝的存在。life“生命”;exist (v.)“存在,生存”;existence(n.)“存在”;exhibition“展覽”。根據(jù)句意選C。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) ②As everyone knows,since the Communist Party of China ________ in 1921,great changes have taken place in China. A.came into effect B.came into exist C.came into existence D.came into power 【解析】考查動詞詞組辨析。句意為:眾所周知,自從1921年中國共產(chǎn)黨成立后,中國發(fā)生了巨大的變化。come into existence“開始產(chǎn)生,成立”,符合題意。come into effect“生效,執(zhí)行”;come into exist短語本身錯誤;come into power“上臺,掌權(quán)”。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 2. conclusion n .結(jié)論,決定;結(jié)束,結(jié)局;協(xié)定,協(xié)議 歸納拓展 (1)come to/arrive at/reach/draw a conclusion得出結(jié)論 make a conclusion下結(jié)論 bring...to a conclusion使……結(jié)束 in conclusion總而言之;最后 (2)conclude v.結(jié)束,斷定,推斷出 conclude
sth. (from sth.) (from sth.) that 推斷,斷定出 to conclude 最后(一句話) 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:I’ve come to the conclusion that he’s not the right person for the job. 我斷定他不適合做這項(xiàng)工作。 In conclusion, I would like to thank you for your coming to the meeting. 最后,我對各位出席這次會議表示感謝。 After waiting for half an hour, I concluded that he wouldn’t come at all. 等了半個(gè)小時(shí)后,我得出結(jié)論,他不會來了。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 The _________, I think,he drew from his simple experiment is not scientific. A.conclusion B.charge C.promise D.relation 【解析】考查名詞區(qū)別及動詞搭配。這里考查draw a conclusion“得出結(jié)論”這一固定短語,此題中conclusion提前了。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) 3. aim n.[C]目標(biāo),目的;[U]瞄準(zhǔn)vt.瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn),目標(biāo)在于
歸納拓展 (1)take aim at瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn) achieve/attain one’s aim達(dá)到目的 miss one’s aim打不中目標(biāo)/達(dá)不到目的 without aim漫無目的地 (2)aim at瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn);目的在于 aim gun at把槍瞄準(zhǔn)…… aim to do sth.旨在做某事 be aimed at針對;目的是,旨在 (3)aimless adj.無目的的;無目標(biāo)的; aimlessly adv.無目的地;無目標(biāo)地 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:Teamwork is required in order to achieve these aims. 要達(dá)到這些目標(biāo)需要團(tuán)隊(duì)合作。 He aimed the gun at the bird. 他用槍瞄準(zhǔn)那只鳥。 My sister aims to be a pilot when she leaves school. 我姐姐立志畢業(yè)后要成為飛行員。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 The farmer built long fences, ________ keeping the wild dogs out of them. A.aim at B.aim for C.aiming at D.aiming for 【解析】aim at“目標(biāo)在于”,此題中用現(xiàn)在分詞形式作伴隨狀語。 【答案】C 知識要點(diǎn) 4. form n. 表格;形式;外形;狀態(tài),精神vt. & vi.形成;構(gòu)成;組織;養(yǎng)成;培養(yǎng) 歸納拓展 (1)fill in/out the form填表 be in/out of form狀態(tài)良好/不好 in the form of...用……的形式 take the form of...采取……的形式 (2)form a good habit of形成一種……的好習(xí)慣 form in line排好隊(duì) form (=set up) a company創(chuàng)辦公司 form into組成……;編成…… 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:He is filling in the application form. 他正在填申請表。 The team were in excellent form throughout the whole competition. 這個(gè)隊(duì)在整個(gè)比賽過程中一直處于良好的狀態(tài)。 The cookies were all in the form of stars. 那些餅干的形狀像星星。 They formed the habit of getting up early when in high school.中學(xué)時(shí),他們養(yǎng)成了早起的習(xí)慣。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 ________, the house is like the letter S. A.In form B.In the form C.With form D.In a form 【解析】in form“在形式上”。句意為:形式上,這座房子看起來像字母S。 【答案】A 知識要點(diǎn) 5. balance n. 天平,秤;平衡;收支差額,余額 v.平衡;斟酌,權(quán)衡 歸納拓展 (1)keep a balance between A and B 保持A與B均衡 keep one’s balance保持(身體)平衡;保持鎮(zhèn)靜 lose one’s balance失去平衡,心慌意亂(表動作) be out of balance失去平衡(表狀態(tài)) in/on balance總的來說,權(quán)衡起來,兩相比較 (2)balance A against B 權(quán)衡/比較A與B (3)balanced adj. 保持平衡的;均衡的 知識要點(diǎn) 例句:Can you balance yourself on skates? 你穿著溜冰鞋能保持身體平衡嗎? You should balance the advantages against the disadvantages before your final decision. 在作出決定之前,一定要權(quán)衡利弊。 His suggestion has, on balance, proved useful. 他的建議總的來說是有用的。 He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall. 他在墻上用雙臂保持平衡。 知識要點(diǎn) 【鏈接訓(xùn)練】 There are both advantages and disadvantages in the scheme proposed,but _________ I think we should benefit by adopting it. A.on balance B.out of balance C.on the balance D.off balance 【解析】句意為:在這份提議的計(jì)劃書中,優(yōu)點(diǎn)和缺點(diǎn)同時(shí)存在,但是兩相比較,我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該取其精華。on balance“總的來說,權(quán)衡起來,兩相比較”,符合題意。 【答案】A