必修二M2教案：

　　1. addict n．對(藥物等)上癮的人；vt.使成癮；使沉溺于……

　　1)addict oneself to沉溺于……；醉心于……

　　be/become/get addicted to...沉迷于…；熱愛…；迷上…

　　addictive

　　adj.使人上癮的；(藥物等)上癮的；上了……的癮

　　addictive可作定語、表語和補足語，作定語時，被修飾語通常是事

　　物；作表語和補足語時，主語一般也是事物。

　　be/become addictive to...沉迷于……，對……上癮

　　addicted不能作定語，可作表語和補足語，其邏輯主語是有行為

　　The problem with video games is that they’re addictive.

　　電子游戲的問題在于它們會使人上癮。

　　Smoking can be addictive. 吸煙容易上癮。

　　Once one is _____ to cocaine cigarette，it’s not easy for him to kick it off.

　　A．a(chǎn)ttracted

　　B．a(chǎn)bsorbed

　　C．devoted

　　D．a(chǎn)ddicted

　　一個人一旦對可卡因煙上癮，就不容易戒掉。

　　addiction n．癮；入迷；嗜好

　　Nowadays，many children are addicted to computer games.

　　現(xiàn)在許多孩子迷上了電腦游戲。

　　Don’t be addicted to net chatting.It wastes too much time.

　　不要沉醉于網(wǎng)上聊天，它浪費太多時間。

　　He is now fighting his addiction to smoking.他現(xiàn)在正努力戒煙。

　　和addicted/addiction連用的to是介詞，其后要跟名詞、代詞、動名詞作賓語。

　　2. danger

　　be in danger (of)

　　/

　　be out of danger

　　=be endangered

　　be dangerous

　　The tiger is in danger now.

　　The tiger is endangered now.

　　The tiger is dangerous.

　　The bridge is in danger of collapse.

　　He is out of danger now.

　　3．reduce vt.減少，縮小；降低；使…陷入某種更壞的狀態(tài)

　　reduce指人為地使某物在數(shù)量或重量方面的減少或降低

　　I bought this shirt because it was reduced (from$10 to $6).

　　He reduced the amount of money they could spend.他縮減了他們的開銷。reduce

　　from...

　　to等表示“從…降低到…；

　　reduce by

　　降低了…

　　increase to 增加到

　　increase by 增加了

　　We bought a television that was reduced(from ￡500 to ￡350)in the sales.

　　我們在大減價時，以(從500英鎊減至350英鎊)很便宜的價格買了臺電

　　視。

　　decrease指數(shù)量上的減少；力量或者強度的減弱

　　Our sales are decreasing.

　　The company decreased the number of workers.

　　The population decreased a lot last year.去年人口數(shù)量急劇下降。

　　decline a)衰落；跌落；降低（ from better to a worse position; or from higher to lower（如：經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢、股息的）下降，蕭條（指傾向，趨勢）

　　b)辨析：decline客氣的拒絕（尤其對提議或邀請）

　　I am afraid I must decline you invitation./ to answer that question.

　　We asked them to come to our party but they declined( the invitation).

　　refuse 沒那么客氣，較為堅決

　　The prisoner refused to give his name.

　　turn down 與refuse 相似

　　reject 根本不考慮提議或建議；不接受（某人）

　　The workers have rejected the company’s pay offer.

　　He felt rejected by society.

　　4. treatment n,

　　treat sb. with sth.治療（過程）

　　cure sb. of sth 治愈

　　heal sb. of sth 治愈（外傷）

　　5．likely adj.可能的

　　1)

　　possible只有可能性小

　　probable多指有較大的可能性

　　likely=probable

　　a.

　　It is possible (for sb.) to do

　　It is possible that

　　(should) do

　　It is possible (for us) to study English well.

　　It is possible that we study English well.

　　b. It is probable that…

　　It is probable that it will rain today.

　　不能說: It is possible for him to come.

　　It’s possible that it will rain, but with such a blue sky it doesn’t seem probable.有可能下雨，但眼下晴空萬里不像是下雨的樣子。

　　c. sb./ sth. be likely to do

　　It is likely that

　　He is likely to come.

　　It is likely that he will come.

　　It is likely that it will rain.

　　It is likely to rain.

　　a) perhaps & maybe都當(dāng)“也許”，“可能”解。但maybe一般用于非正式文體，而且主要用于美國英語。在表示“盡可能快地”時，只能使用短語

　　as soon as maybe=as soon as possible

　　不能說as soon as perhaps

　　b) perhaps一般用于句首,不與形式主語連用,后面不接從句,通常只接sb. 或sth.

　　Perhaps they will help us after all.

　　Perhaps the letter will come today.

　　maybe可放句首, 或后接從句

　　Maybe we’ll see you tomorrow.

　　I think maybe they don’t want him, he’s so cross.

　　c) perhaps表示 “或許”, “可能” 是一種推測,相當(dāng)于maybe, 固不能與may連用,以避免語義重復(fù)

　　Perhaps they will help us.

　　3)

　　probably不能用在not后

　　possibly

　　和can, could連用，起強調(diào)作用

　　---Could you ___ take care of my dog while I’m away?

　　---Sure. Leave it to me, please.

　　A. perhaps

　　B. possibly

　　C. maybe

　　D. probably

　　(B) (could, can, may, might連用)

　　例句：It’s quite likely that we’ll be in Spain this time next year.

　　明年的這個時候我們很可能會在西班牙。[劍橋高階]

　　She’s very likely to ring me tonight.她很有可能今晚打電話給我。

　　possible/probable/likely

　　用possible，probable，likely填空

　　⑥It is entirely possible for us to fulfill the task ahead of schedule.

　　⑦It is possible，though not probable，that he will accept these terms.

　　⑧You are likely young people.

　　．disagree vi.不同意；不一致；不適宜；不適合

　　disagree with與…意見不一致；與…不相稱；與…不相宜

　　①His conduct disagrees with his words.他言行不一。

　　②He disagreed with me about the matter.

　　對于那件事他與我意見不同。

　　③The climate here disagrees with me.這兒的氣候?qū)ξ也贿m合。

　　1)agree with同意…；(氣候，食物等)適合于某人

　　I think you’ll agree with me that the situation is improving.

　　我認(rèn)為你會同意我，形勢正在有所改善。

　　Your story does not agree with what I have heard.

　　你的故事與我聽說的不一致。

　　I’t agree more.我再同意不過了。

　　2)agree to...贊成……；同意計劃、建議或條件等

　　I told him my plan and he at once agreed to it.

　　我告訴他我的計劃，他立刻贊同。

　　He agreed to lend me his bike.他贊同借給我自行車。

　　3)agree on就……取得一致意見和看法

　　We couldn’t agree on the price.就價格我們意見不一。

　　agreement n．一致；同意；協(xié)定；協(xié)議

　　ban vt.禁止；n.禁止，禁令

　　1)ban on /against禁止

　　ban＋n./pron./doing...禁止……

　　ban sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做……

　　2)put a ban on...禁止……

　　under a ban被禁止

　　①The President supports a global ban on nuclear testing.

　　總統(tǒng)支持全球性禁止核試驗。

　　②Smoking in a readingroom is placed under a ban.

　　在閱覽室吸煙是被禁止的。

　　③He was banned from driving because of drinking.

　　由于喝酒他被禁止開車了。

　　④Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year.

　　今年下半年加拿大將禁止在辦公室吸煙。

　　5．a(chǎn)ffect vt.影響；感動；(疾病)侵襲

　　affect

　　vt.影響；感動；打動；(疾病)侵襲；假裝；喜歡

　　1)be affected by被……侵襲，被……感動

　　be affected by heat中暑

　　be affected with high fever發(fā)高燒

　　)affection n．喜愛

　　①Does the amount of rain affect the growth of crops?

　　降雨量會影響作物的生長嗎？

　　②Lei Feng has affected several generations of the youths in China.

　　雷鋒影響了中國的幾代年輕人。

　　③His opinion will not affect my decision.

　　他的意見不會影響我的決定。

　　④All the people in the room were affected to tears.

　　屋里所有人都感動得流了淚。

　　⑤She is affected with cancer.她患有癌癥。

　　⑥The doctors are trying their best to treat the affected patients.

　　醫(yī)生們正在盡力治療那些感染的病人。

　　be affected by被……侵襲；被……感動

　　be affected by heat中暑

　　be affected with high fever發(fā)高燒

　　affection n．愛情；感情

　　【輕巧辨析】

　　affect/effect/influence三個詞都有“影響”的意思。

　　1)affect指“產(chǎn)生的影響之大足以引起反應(yīng)”，著重“影響”的動作，

　　有時含有“對……產(chǎn)生不利影響”的意思。

　　2)effect作“影響”講時，通常用作名詞，構(gòu)成

　　have an effect on“對…有影響”。

　　effect作動詞時，指“使(某事物)產(chǎn)生；使發(fā)生；引起”，著重“造成”

　　一種特殊的效果，如

　　This book effected a change in my opinion.這本書使我的看法起了變化。

　　3)influence指“通過說服、舉例等對行動、思想、性格等產(chǎn)生不易覺察

　　到的、潛移默化的影響”。

　　What you have done will not have ______ your fame.

　　A．a(chǎn) good effect on

　　B．a(chǎn)ffected

　　C．a(chǎn) good affect in

　　D．effected

　　What the teacher said affected me greatly.

　　What the teacher said had a great effect on me.老師說的話對我影響很大。

　　(2009年上海卷)With the government’s aid，those _____ by the earthquake have moved to the new settlements.

　　A．a(chǎn)ffectB．a(chǎn)ffectingC．a(chǎn)ffected

　　D．were affected

　　recognise/recognize

　　vt.認(rèn)出，識別；承認(rèn)，認(rèn)可；認(rèn)識到

　　1)recognize sb./sth.認(rèn)出某人；識別出某物

　　recognize...as承認(rèn)……是，認(rèn)出……是

　　recognize...to be 承認(rèn)……是……

　　be recognized as公認(rèn)是，認(rèn)可是，贊成

　　It is recognized that...人們意識到……

　　2)recognition n．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識；識別

　　①I recognized her at first sight although I haven’t seen her for almost ten years.雖然我?guī)缀?0年沒見到她了，但是我第一眼就認(rèn)出了她。

　　②They have recognized him as their leader.

　　他們已經(jīng)承認(rèn)他是他們的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)。

　　③They all decided to recognize the new government.

　　他們都決定承認(rèn)這個新政府。

　　④After the accident，he recognised that he was not fit for the work.

　　事故發(fā)生后他認(rèn)識到自己不能勝任這項工作。

　　辨析：know，recognise與realize

　　1)know表示“知道某人”，也可以表示“熟悉”。

　　I have known him since I was a child.我從小就認(rèn)識他。

　　2)recognise用來表示原來已認(rèn)識，而再次認(rèn)出之意，即know again。

　　I knew the boy several years ago，but now I can hardly recognise him.

　　幾年前我就認(rèn)識了那個男孩，但是現(xiàn)在我?guī)缀跽J(rèn)不出他了。

　　3)realize側(cè)重指認(rèn)識上的覺醒，常譯為“意識到，明白”。

　　When he realized what happened，he was sorry.

　　當(dāng)他意識到所發(fā)生的事時，他感到抱歉。

　　1．—Oh，it’s you.I ______you.

　　—I’ve just had my hair cut and I’m wearing new glasses.

　　A．didn’t recognise

　　B．hadn’t recognised

　　C．haven’t recognised

　　D．don’t recognise

　　2．The conference has been told to discuss the effects of tourism ______the wildlife in the area.

　　A．in

　　B．onC．a(chǎn)t

　　D．with

　　3．We always pay attention to the weather because it ______us so directly what we wear，what we do and even how we feel.

　　benefits

　　B．a(chǎn)ffectsC．concludes

　　D．a(chǎn)ttracts

　　It is a rule that the students are banned ______computer games in our school.A．to play

　　B．from playingC．of playing

　　D．on playing

　　______to drugs，he seldom call his parents only when he asks them for money.A．Being addictedB．AddictedC．Addicting

　　D．Having addicted

　　1. break into破門而入，強行闖入；突然……起來

　　break into tears突然哭起來

　　break in打斷；闖入

　　break out爆發(fā)；突然發(fā)生

　　break away from脫離；打破

　　break down打掉；壞掉；失敗；垮掉

　　break off折斷；突然停止；脫落；斷絕

　　break up打碎；拆散；分裂；分解；驅(qū)散

　　①Thieves broke into the store at night.

　　小偷在夜里闖入了這家商店。

　　②As the president’s car arrived，the crowd broke into loud applause.

　　當(dāng)總統(tǒng)的汽車到達(dá)時，人群中爆發(fā)出了熱烈的掌聲。

　　③I was still sleeping when the fire broke out，and then it spread quickly.

　　當(dāng)火災(zāi)發(fā)生時我正在睡覺，然后它快速蔓延開了。

　　④He has broken down after many years’ hard work.

　　由于多年的勞累，他病倒了。

　　⑤They quarreled with each other and their friendship broke up.

　　他們吵架了，友誼被破壞了。

　　⑥D(zhuǎn)ad would occasionally break in with a suggestion.