Unit 3　Tomorrow's world【1】 besides adv. & prep. 除……以外(還有……)

　　They all went there besides Tom.

　　除湯姆去了以外，他們也都去了。

　　I don't like the color of the dress. Besides, it's too expensive.

　　我不喜歡這裙子的顏色，另外它也太貴了。　

　　【注意】beside prep. 在旁邊，與……相比

　　　He sat beside her all night.

　　　整個晚上他都坐在她身邊。

　　　My painting looks childish beside yours.

　　　同你的相比，我的畫顯得很幼稚。

　　except, except for, except that, but, apart from

　　(1)except 意思是“除了……之外”，指僅有某事物不包括在內。

　　I enjoy doing anything in the holiday except doing homework.

　　假期里我什么都愿意干，就是不想做作業。

　　(2)except for 是except引申出來的一個詞組，它所指代的除去的部分和主題不是一個層次的。

　　Your article is quite good this time except for some spelling mistakes.

　　你的文章很好，就是有幾處拼寫錯誤。(這里的文章和拼寫錯誤不是一個層面上的東西)

　　(3)except ＋從句　除了……

　　He never goes out except when he needs to buy something.

　　除了需要買東西外，他從不出門。

　　(4)but prep. 除了……，相當于apart from; except。

　　I could come every day but Thursday.

　　除了星期四，我每天都能來。

　　(5)apart from 除……外還，也指僅有某事物不包括在內，相當于besides和except綜合的用法。

　　Apart from the injuries to his face and hands, he broke both legs.

　　除了臉和手受傷外，他的兩條腿也斷了。

　　I would go with you, ______ I have to work that day.

　　A. besides

　　B. except

　　C. besides that

　　D. except that

　　D　那天如果我要工作則不能和你一起去，所以選擇except，同時其后跟的是賓語從句，從句的結構與意義均完整，用連詞that引導。

　　【2】 set n．一套，一組 vt.(set，set)設置(布景，背景)，安排，布置，分配

　　The novel is set in France in the early 19th century.

　　這部小說是以19世紀早期的法國為背景的。

　　A committee has been set up to organize social events in the college.

　　委員會的成立是為組織大學里面的社交活動。

　　She has set herself a difficult task.

　　她為自己安排了一個艱難的任務。

　　a set of six chairs 6把成套的椅子

　　setting n．環境，背景

　　It was the perfect setting for a wonderful Christmas.

　　氣氛環境無可挑剔，正是一個美好的圣誕節所需要的。

　　set 相關短語參見M2U2

　　【3】 fear n．&v. 害怕；恐懼，擔憂

　　Most older employees fear unemployment.

　　大多數年長的員工害怕失業。

　　Her parents fear for her safety.

　　她的父母為她的安全而擔憂。

　　for fear that/of sth. 擔心某事將會發生

　　They wouldn't let their cat outside for fear (that) it would get run over.

　　他們不敢讓貓出門，因為害怕會被軋死。

　　I didn't want to move for fear of waking her up.

　　我不想動，擔心會把她吵醒。

　　①我們悄悄說話，以免驚醒警衛。

　　______________________________ the guards.

　　②我只好逃走，生怕他有一天把我殺了。

　　______________________________ one day.

　　③他的雇員都怕他。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　①We spoke quietly for fear of waking

　　②I had to run away for fear that he might kill me

　　③All his employees fear him.

　　【4】 impress vt. 給……留下極深的印象

　　be impressed with/by 給……留下深刻印象

　　We're very impressed with the excellence of the children's works.

　　這些兒童作品水平之高，給我們留下了深刻印象。

　　impress (sth.) on/upon (sb.) ＝ impress on/upon sb./ sth. 使某人對某物印象深刻

　　The great changes in China are strongly impressed on the foreigners.

　　中國的巨變讓外賓印象很深。

　　My father impressed on me the value of hard work.

　　我父親讓我明白了努力工作的重要性。

　　impressive adj. 給人印象深刻的；感人的

　　impression n. 印象；感覺

　　leave/make a deep impression on 給……留下深刻的印象

　　She was very impressive in the interview.

　　她在面試中表現得十分出色。

　　My first impression of him was favourable.

　　他給我的第一印象不錯。

　　The scenery here is ______ and all the visitors are deeply ______.

　　A. impressive; impress

　　B. impressed; impressionists

　　C. impression; impressionists

　　D. impressive; impressed

　　D　第一空是說風景“給人印象深刻的”；第二空的意思是“對……印象深刻”。

　　【5】 deliver vt. 轉交；投遞；發表；宣布；接生；解救

　　The doctor delivered a baby.

　　這個醫生接生了一名嬰兒。

　　They prayed to God to deliver them from danger.

　　他們祈求上帝把他們從危險中拯救出來。

　　The professor usually delivers his class in a lively way.

　　這個教授總是以一種非常生動的方式講課。

　　deliver sth. to/over sb. 把某物交付某人

　　deliver a message 帶信，傳話

　　deliver a speech 發表講話

　　deliver over/up (to) 移交，交給

　　①我們承諾在48小時內送到。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　②陪審團(jury)終于宣布了裁決(verdict)。

　　________________________________________________________________________

　　①We promise to deliver within 48 hours.

　　②The jury finally delivered its verdict.

　　【6】 voice v. 表達，吐露 n．說話聲，語態

　　If you have any questions or comments, you can use this time to voice them.

　　如果大家有任何疑問或評論，可以利用這個時間段來提出。

　　Her voice shook with emotion.

　　她激動得聲音顫抖。

　　voice, noise, sound

　　voice 用作名詞，多指人類發出的“聲音”；用作動詞，指“表達”、“吐露”。

　　noise 名詞，多指各種聲音或響聲攪和在一起時的“雜音”、“嘈雜聲”。

　　sound 用作名詞，多指一下一下地“響聲”；用作動詞有“聽起來”，“發出聲音”和“使發出聲音”之意。

　　The construction site gives off too much ______ day and night, and the people living nearby have no choice but to ______ their complaints to the government.

　　A. sound; voice

　　B. noise; sound

　　C. noise; voice

　　D. sound; noise

　　C　第一空為名詞“嘈雜聲”，第二空為動詞“表達”、“吐露”。

　　【7】 accuse v. 控告，告發

　　Man often accuses nature for his own misfortunes.

　　人類常把自身的不幸歸罪于天。

　　accuse sb. of sth./doing sth. 指控某人做某事

　　the accused 被告

　　rob sb. of sth. 搶走某人某物

　　inform sb. of sth. 通知/告訴某人某事

　　warn sb. of sth. 告誡某人某事

　　remind sb. of/about sth./sb. 使某人想起某人或某事；提醒某人某事物或某人

　　①They ________ him ________ bribes.

　　他們指控他犯有賄賂罪。

　　②Tom has always thought of himself as a good cook and never fails to________ everyone of it.

　　A. remind

　　B. remember

　　C. know

　　D. introduce

　　①accused; of taking

　　②A　句意：Tom總以為自己是一個好廚師，并且總是使所有的人知道這一點。 remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某事；提醒某人某事。

　　【1】 put forward 調快(鐘表，時間)，提出(觀點、議案等)，推薦

　　The clock slows down. Please put forward the hands of it.

　　鐘慢了，請把指針調快些。

　　I wasn't convinced by any of the arguments that he put forward.

　　他所提出的任何論據都不能說服我。

　　She has decided to put her name/put herself forward as a candidate.

　　她打算推薦自己作為候選人。

　　put/set/lay aside 擱置一旁；把(錢，時間等)留存起來，儲蓄；抑制(憤怒等)；忽視(忠告等)

　　put away 收拾起來，放好；儲蓄＝put aside

　　put back 放回；撥回鐘表的針

　　put down 放下，使乘客下車；記下，寫下；鎮壓

　　put off 推遲；脫去，除去

　　put on 穿上；增加(速度，體重等); 上演

　　put out 伸出；撲滅；生產

　　put together 組合，拼湊

　　put up 舉起；建造，掛起；提高(價錢)

　　put up with 容忍

　　put an end/a stop to 制止，使停止

　　put…to bed 使……上床睡覺

　　put…to death 處以死刑，殺死

　　①It's reported that Changsha has ______ the general plan for city－building.

　　A. put out

　　B. put forward

　　C. put up

　　D. put away

　　②As teachers and students, we need to ______ our old ideas and prejudices and learn to be more ______ in both our teaching and study. (2010江蘇寶應學情調查)

　　A. put away; flexible B. put out; clever

　　C. put down; clever D. put aside; flexible

　　①B

　　②D　put away 收起來；put out 撲滅；put down 記下，鎮壓；put aside 儲蓄；拋在一邊。根據句意，我們應把我們舊的觀念和偏見拋在一邊，在教學和學習中學會更加“靈活”。故選D項。。

　　【2】 at the moment 在此刻

　　I'm afraid she's not here at the moment.

　　恐怕她現在不在這兒。

　　for the moment 暫時

　　Stop discussing for the moment, please.

　　請暫時不要討論。

　　at any moment 隨時

　　The firefighters rushed into the burning building though it might fall down at any moment.

　　盡管正在燃燒的那棟房子隨時都可能會倒塌，但是消防員還是沖進了大火中。

　　the moment還可以充當連詞，引導時間狀語從句。

　　He stopped what he was doing the moment the teacher came in.

　　老師一進來，他就停止了手頭上做的事。

　　The classroom is big enough ______， but we'll have to move if we have more students.

　　A. for the moment

　　B. on the moment

　　C. in a moment

　　D. for a moment

　　A

　　【3】 at a speed of

　　以某種速度

　　New maglev train nowadays can travel at an amazing speed of 430 km/h.

　　目前的磁懸浮火車能以每小時430千米的驚人速度行駛。

　　at top/full speed 以全速

　　He was driving at top speed down the street when the accident happened.

　　當事故發生時他正沿著街道高速駕駛。

　　speed up 加速

　　This drug may have the effect of speeding up your heart rate.

　　這種藥物能夠使你的心率加速。

　　at a safe/dangerous/low/high speed 以安全/危險/低/高的速度

　　pick up/gather speed 加快速度

　　【4】 come across 偶然碰到；走過來；出現于

　　I came across his name on the list.

　　我無意中在名單上發現了他的名字。

　　She came across an old school friend in Oxford Street this morning.

　　今天早上她在牛津大街碰到一位老校友。

　　— Have you ______ some new ideas?

　　— Yeah, I will tell you later.

　　A. come about

　　B. come across

　　C. come up with

　　D. come out with

　　C　考查come相關的詞組的辨析。come about 發生；come across 偶然碰到；come up with 想出，提出；come out with 發表，公布；說出。

　　【1】 Not only is every step of climbing Mount Qomolangma felt by the viewer, but also the cold, the tiredness, the food, the smells, the sights and the sounds of the mountain can all be experienced.觀眾不僅能夠感受到攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的每一步的艱辛，還能體驗到寒冷、勞累，品嘗到食物，聞到香味，欣賞到山上的風景，以及聆聽到自然界的聲音。

　　(1) not only…but also 應連接兩個相對稱的并列成分(主語、謂語、賓語、狀語或分句)。

　　She not only sings well but also dances beautifully.

　　她不僅歌唱得好，舞也跳得不錯。

　　(2) not only…but also 連接兩個分句，并且 not only 位于句首時，第一個分句中的主語和謂語要部分倒裝。

　　Not only does the sun give us light but also (it) gives us heat.

　　太陽不僅給我們光，還給了我們熱。

　　Not only is this young man clever but also he is hardworking.

　　這個年輕人不僅聰明，而且努力。

　　(3) not only…but also 不能用在否定句中。

　　誤： They don't fear not only hardship but also death.

　　正： They fear neither hardship nor death.

　　正： They don't fear either hardship or death.

　　(4) not only…but also 連接兩個主語時，謂語動詞要和與其最近的主語保持人稱和數的一致。

　　Not only the students but also the teacher was against the plan.

　　不僅僅學生，而且老師也反對這個計劃。

　　Not only the teacher but also the students were against the plan.

　　不僅僅老師，學生也反對這個計劃。

　　(5) not only…but also 連接兩個并列成分時，not only 不能分開使用，但 but also 卻可以分開使用，而且可省略but或also。

　　The area was not only hit by an unexpected heavy rain, but some bridges were also washed away.

　　突如其來的暴雨不僅侵襲了這個地方，而且把一些橋梁也沖走了。

　　I not only heard it but saw it. ＝ I not only heard it also saw it.