2024屆高考英語(北師大版)一輪復習綜合訓練(課件):Module 3 Unit 8 Adventure
二、過去分詞(done)常表被動,動作已完成 1.定語
A.看作定語的分詞與被修飾詞之間的關系,①存在主動關系用
現在分詞doing;②存在被動關系用過去分詞done(表動作已完
成)或現在分詞被動態being done(表被動動作正進行)
a sleeping baby一個正在睡覺的嬰兒
spoken English英語口語
the building being built now在建的大樓
B.部分不及物動詞的分詞有進行與完成之分,無主動、被動意
味。如:
developing country
發展中的國家
developed country
發達的國家
changing world
還在變化的世界 changed world
變化了的世界 falling leaves
正在下落的葉子 fallen leaves
落葉 boiling water
沸水 boiled water
開過的水 rising sun
初升的太陽 Risen sun
升起了的太陽 C.表示人的心理活動的動詞如:amuse,surprise,interest,excite,move,please,satisfy,disappoint,worry,tire,frighten,relax,puzzle等,現在分詞常修飾物(表使人如何),過去分詞常修飾人(表本身如何)。此時的動詞已失去動作意義,是形容詞。
excited people激動的人們
exciting news令人激動的消息 2.表語
The cup is broken.杯子是破的。
I am very tired.我很累。 3.賓補
A.現在分詞doing作賓補,常表主動動作正在進行或某一動作或
狀態一直在持續。
I found him sleeping.我發現他在睡覺。
We have the lights burning.我們讓燈一直開著。
B.過去分詞(done)作賓補強調一被動動作已完成或一種狀態,現
在分詞被動態(being done)強調一被動動作正在進行。
I have my bike repaired.我把自行車拿去修理了。
We saw shop windows being painted by two workers.
我看見兩個工人正在油漆櫥窗。 4.狀語
多表伴隨、條件、時間、原因、結果、方式,分詞作狀語要看
作狀語的動詞與句子主語之間的關系。
A.存在主動關系,用①現在分詞一般式doing;②現在分詞的完
成式having done(時間上有先后關系)
B.存在被動關系用①過去分詞done(強調動作已完成);②現在分
詞的被動態being done(強調一被動動作正在進行);③現在分詞
完成式的被動態。having been done(強調一被動動作發生在句子
謂語動詞所表示的動作時間之前)。
They came into the classroom,singing and dancing.
他們又唱又跳地進了教室。 Being a student,I must study hard.因為我是學生,我得努力學習。 Having time,I’ll come to see you.有時間的話我會來看你。 Having finished the work,we went out for a walk. 完成工作后我們就出去走了走。 Built in 1900,the bridge is over 100 years old. 這橋建于1900年,有100多年的歷史了。 Being repaired now,the car can’t be used.車還在修,現在用不了。 Having been criticized by his teacher,the boy decided to correct his mistakes. 那個小孩受到老師的批評后決定改正錯誤。 語法專練 1.While watching television,________.
A.the doorbell rang
B.the doorbell was rung
C.I heard the doorbell ring
D.the doorbell was ringing
解析:句意為:“我看電視時聽到了門鈴響了”。watching
television的邏輯主語只能是人。
答案:C 2.________from the tallest building,the whole city looks more
beautiful.
A.See
B.Saw
C.Seeing
D.Seen
解析:句意為:站在最高的大樓看整個城市,它顯得更美了。
seen短語作狀語與the whole city成被動關系。
答案:D 3.When we got back,we found the gas________but the door
remained________.
A.burned;locked
B.burned;locking
C.burning;locked
D.to burn;locking
解析:句意為:當我回去時,我發現煤氣還是開著的而門仍是
鎖的。burning作賓補與gas成主動關系,而locked作表語與the
door成被動關系。
答案:C 4.The radio________tomorrow is Mary’s.
A.repairing
B.repaired
C.to be repaired
D.being repaired
解析:句意為:明天要修的收音機是Mary的。repaired表“已修
了的”,being repaired表“正在被修理的”而to be repaired(不
定式的被動態)表“被動動作將要進行”。
答案:C 5.________good,the food sold out soon.
A.Taste
B.Tasting
C.Tasted
D.To taste
解析:句意為:這食物味道好,很快就賣光了。taste是系動
詞,沒有被動態,故用現在分詞作狀語。
答案:B 6.You can’t catch me!Mary shouted,________away.
A.run
B.running
C.to run
D.ran
解析:現在分詞作伴隨狀語與Mary成主動關系。
答案:B 7.________from his accent,he is from Beijing.
A.Judging
B.Judged
C.To judge
D.Judge
解析:句意為:根據口音判斷,他是北京人。judging from
(根據……判斷),是評注性狀語為一固定結構,作狀語時,不
考慮其與主語的關系。
答案:A 8.________more time,I can do it better.
A.Given
B.To give
C.Be given
D.Give
解析:句意為:給我多點時間的話,我會做得更好,given作條
件狀語與I成被動關系。
答案:A 9.Anyone________to vote must come to the meeting.
A.wishing
B.desiring
C.wished
D.hoped
解析:句意為:任何想投票的人必須來參加會議?,F在分詞短語
作定語修飾anyone成主動關系,wishing常表不大能實現的愿望。
答案:B 10.Things________never come again.
A.lost
B.losing
C.lose
D.have lost
解析:句意為:覆水難收。lost過去分詞作定語修飾things,
與其成被動關系。
答案:A 1.________many times,but he still couldn’t understand it.
A.Having been told
B.Having told
C.He had been told
D.Though he had been told
解析:but連接的應是兩個表轉折關系的并列句。選A作狀語,
必須將but去掉。
答案:C 2.________,I went out for a walk.
A.There was nothing to do
B.There being nothing to do
C.There had nothing to do
D.I had nothing to do
解析:句意為:由于沒事可做,我出去走了走。C項的句型有錯。
A、D兩項均為兩完整的句子,與后面句子沒有連接詞連接成并列
句或主從句。B項為分詞作狀語構成了獨立主格結構。
答案:B 3.________an answer,he decided to write another letter to her.
A.Having not received
B.Not received
C.Not having received
D.Having not received
解析:句意為:由于沒有收到回信,他決定再寫一封信給她。
分詞的否定式是在其前面加not。動詞receive與主語he成主動
關系,且時間發生在決定寫另一封信這一動作之前。
答案:C 4.There was a ______expression on his face at the______news.
A.puzzling;puzzling
B.puzzled;puzzled
C.puzzling;puzzled
D.puzzled;puzzling
解析:句意為:聽到那條令人感到困惑的消息時他臉上顯示出
了迷惑的表情。puzzled表“(自身)困惑的,迷惑的”。Puzzling
表“令人迷惑/困惑的”。
答案:D 5.China is a ________ country ________to the Third World.
A.developing;belonging
B.developed;belonged
C.developing;belonged
D.developed;belonging
解析:句意為:中國是一個發展中國家,屬于第三世界;
developing表“發展中的”作定語修飾country,現在分詞
belonging也是作定語修飾country,存在主動關系。
答案:A 【例1】 There are plenty of jobs ________in the western part of
the country.
(2008·浙江,12)
A.present
B.available
C.precious
D.convenient 【解題方法指導】 句意:在那個國家的西部地區有許多工作供你
選擇。present目前的,現在的(作前置定語);出席的,在場的
(作后置定語);available可用的,可得到的,可達到的;
precious寶貴的,珍貴的;convenient方便的,便利的。
答案:B
教材原文對照
There were inventions and developments in China which were
not available in Europe at that time.
(P26) 【例2】 —How about your journey to Mount Emei?
—Everything was wonderful except that our car________twice
on the way.
(2009·四川,8)
A.slowed down
B.broke down
C.got down
D.put down 【解題方法指導】 句意:——峨眉山之游感覺如何啊?——其他
都很好,就是我的車拋錨了兩次。slow down放慢(速度),(使)
減速;break down損壞,(健康等)垮掉,崩潰;get down下來,
寫下,使沮喪;put down記下。
答案:B
教材原文對照
First his two sledges broke down,and then the horses began to
have serious difficulties with the snow and the cold.
(P28) 【例3】 Some parents are just too protective.They want
to________their kids from every kind of danger,real or
imagined.
(2009·湖北,24)
A.spot
B.dismiss
C.shelter
D.distinguish 【解題方法指導】 句意:有些父母太保護孩子了。他們極力想為
他們的孩子頂住來自各方面的危險,無論是真實的還是想象的危
險。spot看出、注意到;dismiss打發走,解散;shelter袒護,
庇護,避難;n.庇護所;distinguish區別,辨別。又如:We
all think we should help the poor and shelter the
homeless.我們都認為我們應該幫助貧困者,庇護無家可歸者。
答案:C
教材原文對照
We’ll teach you survival skills and you’ll learn how to make a
fire and build your own shelter.
(P31) 重點單詞 1.risk vt.冒……的危險,冒險干 n.冒險,風險;危險的人/事物
【精講拓展】
risk sth.冒……的危險
risk doing sth.冒險做某事
at the risk of doing sth.冒著……的風險
take a risk(to do sth.)冒險做某事
take the risk of/in sth./doing sth.甘冒(做)某事的風險 Module 3 Unit 8 Adventure
【典型例句】
He risked his life to save the drowning boy.
他冒著生命危險去救那個溺水的男孩。
[朗文當代]
He who risks nothing gains nothing.
不入虎穴,焉得虎子。
[朗文當代]
Whoever you are,don’t take the risk of doing a job like that.
無論你是誰,都不要冒險做那樣一份工作。
[朗文當代]
He risked losing his house when his company went bankrupt.
他的公司破產時,他差點連自己家的房子都保不住了。[劍橋高階]
即學即用
①He thinks we shouldn’t go ahead with this plan because of the
________ of failure.
A.future
B.pressure
C.worry
D.risk
解析:句意:他認為我們不應該執行這個計劃,因為失敗的風險
很大。risk指可能存在的危險。
答案:D 2.differ vi.不同,有區別
【精講拓展】
differ from...in...在……方面與……不同
differ (with sb.) about/on /over sth.(和某人)就某事意見不同
be different from sb./sth.in sth.在某方面不同于某人或某物
make a difference有影響,起主要作用
make no difference不起作用,沒影響,不重要 【典型例句】
Economists differ on the cause of inflation.
經濟學家們對通貨膨脹的原因看法不一。[劍橋高階]
His opinion differs entirely from mine.
他的意見與我的意見完全不同。[朗文當代]
It makes a great difference to me.這對我很重要。[朗文當代]
Is there any significant difference in quality between these two
items?這兩件東西在質量方面有顯著的差別嗎?[劍橋高階] 即學即用 ②They are different________nature.
A.in
B.on
C.of
D.with
解析:句意為:他們本質上有區別。be different in表在……
方面有所不同。
答案:A 3.tire vt.疲倦,(使)厭煩,(使)厭倦
【精講拓展】
tire sb.out使某人筋疲力盡
tiring adj.引起疲勞的,累人的
tired adj.疲勞的,厭煩的
be tired of厭煩
be tired from/with因……而疲倦
be tired out累壞了 【典型例句】
I am tired of living in the same area.
我厭倦了生活在同一地區。
[朗文當代]
I am tired from overwork.過度工作使我很疲倦。
[朗文當代]
Let the kids run around in the garden and that’ll soon tire them