必修

　　單元知識預(yù)覽

　　項目 單詞及其詞性變化（語法填空必備）

　　重點單詞 1．official adj.office n．辦公室→officer n．官員

　　2．voyage n3．native adj. n．本地人；本國人

　　4．a(chǎn)ctually adv.5．base vt.n.基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)→basic adj.基本的；基礎(chǔ)的

　　6．gradual adj.，gradually adv.逐漸地，

　　7．identity nidentical adj.相同的，identify v．確定；認(rèn)出；鑒定

　　8．fluent adj.fluently adv.流利地，fluency n．流利，9．frequent adj.frequently adv.常常；頻繁地→frequency n．頻率；頻度

　　10．usage nuseful adj.有用的→use n. & v．使用，11．command n. & vt.commander n．指揮員，12．request n& vt.請求；要求

　　13．expression nexpress v．表達→expressive adj.富于表情的；有表現(xiàn)力的

　　14．recognize vt.recognizable adj.容易認(rèn)出的；易于識別的→recognition n．認(rèn)出；認(rèn)識；識別

　　15．a(chǎn)ccent n16．lightning n17．straight adv. adj.直的；筆直的；正直的

　　重點短語 1．because of2．come up

　　3．a(chǎn)t present

　　4．make use of

　　5．such as

　　6．play a part in

　　7．ever before

　　8．even if/though

　　9．be based on

　　10．over time

　　11．in the early days

　　12．the same as

　　經(jīng)典句型1．Today, more people speak English as their first, second or a foreign language than ever before.2．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they dont speak the same kind of English.以英語為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以相互交流。

　　3．Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English.必備語法名詞性從句25分）

　　假定你是李華，你校攝影俱樂部（photography club）將舉辦國際中學(xué)攝影展。請給你的英國朋友Peter寫封信。請他提供作品。信的內(nèi)容包括：

　　1．主題：環(huán)境保護；

　　2．展覽時間；

　　3．投稿郵箱：intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.

　　注意：

　　1．詞數(shù)100左右；

　　2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。

　　【答案】

　　Dear Peter，graphy club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show. The theme of the show is environmental protection. It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks. Any student who is interested is welcome to participate. I know you take good pictures and you've always wanted to do something for environmental protection. I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you visited our school. This is surely a good change for more people to see them. If you want to join, you can send your photos to intlphotoshow@gmschool.com.

　　Hope to hear from you soon.

　　Yours，

　　語言知識精析

　　1．Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don’t speak the same kind of English.以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所講的語言不盡相同，也可以互相交流。【例句研讀】

　　中國是我們的_________，漢語是我們的___________。

　　（1）

　　(2)The tiger is native to India.

　　這種虎_________印度。

　　（2）

　　(3)He is a native of Beijing.他是___________。　

　　（3）

　　【歸納】’s native country/land　本國，祖國

　　native place　出生地

　　one’s native language　本國語，本族語，母語

　　a native of　當(dāng)?shù)厝?產(chǎn)于……的動/植物

　　【即時鞏固】After the international news, he went on to listen to the________ news.

　　2. _____ English that I couldn’t follow her.

　　A．So did fast the?native?speak B．So fast did the?native?speak

　　C．Did the?native?speak so fast D．So fast the?native?did speak

　　3. Pandas are?______ China.

　　A．with B．to C．for D．in

　　4. Whoever is_________ to the demanding job will be offered the well-paid one.

　　A．frequent B．equal C．native D．familiar

　　2．It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.當(dāng)時的英語更多地是以德語為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語不是。……為根據(jù) n．基部；基地；基礎(chǔ)

　　【例句研讀】

　　(1)What are you basing this theory on？

　　你這種理論的_________是什么？

　　（1）

　　(2)They decided to base the new company in New York.

　　他們決定將新成立的公司總部___________紐約。

　　（2）

　　(3)The town is an ideal base for touring the area.

　　這個鎮(zhèn)子是在這一地區(qū)旅游觀光的理想______________。（3）

　　【歸納】……為基礎(chǔ)(或根據(jù))

　　base sb./sth./oneself in以……為據(jù)點(或總部等)，把(總部等)設(shè)在

　　【即時鞏固】

　　(1)This news report____________________________(是完全根據(jù)實際情況寫成的)．(2)Judgment____________________________(應(yīng)該以事實為依據(jù)), (3)I________________________________________________________________________

　　(根據(jù)一個真實的故事做的這期節(jié)目)．(4) There are a great number of words in the English language ______________ on colors.

　　A. based

　　B. base

　　C basing

　　D. is based

　　考點3．

　　【例句研讀】

　　(1)The army is under the king’s command.軍隊由國王直接__________。（1）

　　(2)She has a good command of the German language.她____________德語。（2）

　　(3)He commanded us to leave should immediately.＝He commanded that we leave immediately.

　　他___________我們馬上離開。

　　（3）

　　【歸納】’s command隨心所欲地

　　at/by one’s command奉某人之命

　　in command of指揮；統(tǒng)帥

　　under one’s command由……指揮

　　take command of擔(dān)任……的指揮

　　have a good command of很好地掌握

　　command sb. to do sth.命令某人做某事

　　command that...(should) do...命令……

　　【溫馨提示】后跟從句時從句中謂語通常用“should＋動詞原形”其中should可以省略。【即時鞏固】(1)The army is ____________________________(聽從國王的支配)．(2)Didn't you realize the troops were ________________________________________________________________________

　　(在他的指揮下)?(3)He ________________________(精通) English.(4) The teacher commanded that the exercises ________ in an hour.

　　A．was finishedB．were finishedD．be finished

　　考點4．

　　(2)She made a request for some water.

　　她____________給點水。

　　（2）

　　(3)May I request your attention？____________你們注意一下好嗎？

　　（3）

　　(4)I request (of him) that he should leave.

　　我_______________他離開。

　　（4）

　　(5)Visitors are requested not to touch the paintings.游客__________油畫。 （5）

　　【歸納】……

　　It’s requested that...據(jù)要求……

　　at one’s requestat the request of sb. 應(yīng)某人之請求be in request有需要，受歡迎

　　make a request for sth.請求，要求……

　　【即時鞏固】Well, it does make a slight difference, but we'll do as you request.（照你的要求辦）

　　（2）He ignored the neighbour’s requests that he （should）not make any noise.（不要發(fā)出吵鬧聲）

　　（3）The staff immediately requested that he （should）reconsider his decision.（重新考慮）

　　考點5．Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each other’s dialects.雖然許多美國人經(jīng)常搬遷，但是他們?nèi)匀荒軌虮鎰e、理解彼此的方言。

　　(2)Lawrence’s novel was eventually recognized as /to be a work of genius.

　　勞倫斯的小說最后___________天才的作品。

　　（2）

　　(3) It is recognized that environment pollution has become one of the most serious problems.

　　人們一致___________環(huán)境污染已經(jīng)成了最嚴(yán)重的問題之一。

　　（3）

　　【歸納】……認(rèn)出某人/事(物)

　　recognize sb./sth. as/to be...承認(rèn)某人(物)是…… It’s recognized that...人們公認(rèn)……

　　out of/beyond recognition認(rèn)不出來

　　【即時鞏固】(1)用recognize或know的適當(dāng)形式填空①I ____________ his voice on the phone just now.

　　②We ________________ him for about 20 years.

　　(2)完成句子

　　Ren Yueli____________________(被公認(rèn)為)one of the best examples to those who have big dreams. (3)Even when the film star wears sunglasses or beards,people _______ him．

　　A．realize B．recover C．request D．recognize

　　6．

　　【例句研讀】

　　（1）Your salary is chicken-feed compared to/ with （與….相比）what you could earn in America.

　　（2）Her talents stand out in comparison with/ compared to/ with the others.（和其他那些人比起來【歸納】… with…把…和…相比

　　compare…to

　　把……比作；比喻….相比

　　beyond comparison無可比擬地

　　by comparison比較起來in comparison with和……比起來【即時鞏固】A beginner's painting______________ （不能與…相比that of an expert, who is very different in quality.

　　（2）When __________（比較）different cultures，we often pay attention only to the differences without noticing the many similarities．Michael’s new house is like a huge palace, ______with his old one.

　　A. comparing

　　B. compares

　　C. to compare

　　D. compared

　　重點短語精講

　　考點1．Later in the next century, people from England made voyages to conquer other parts of the world and because of that, English began to be spoken in many other countries.后來，在17世紀(jì)英國人開始航海征服了世界其它地區(qū)。于是，許多別的國家開始說英語了。【歸納】【即時鞏固】同義句轉(zhuǎn)換(1)We had to go to school on foot because of the rain. ＝We had to walk to school ________ it ________．(2)We won the game because you helped us.＝____________________________(3) David said that it was______ his strong interest in literature_____ he chose the course.

　　A．because of; that

　　B．because; so

　　C．because; that

　　D．why; because

　　考點2．

　　(1)I’ll let you know if anything comes up.____________

　　(2)A child came up to me and showed me the way to the station.________________

　　(3)Your question came up at the meeting.________________

　　(4)The sky was dark blue and clear when the moon came up.___________

　　(5)The young trees have come up._________

　　(6)I came up for an interview but didn’t get the job.________

　　【歸納】【溫馨提示】 作“提出”講時為不及物動詞短語其主語通常為物無被動語態(tài)形式；若說“提出……來”應(yīng)用come up with。【即時鞏固】(1)He ____________________(走到我跟前) and asked me if I knew the time.(2)Did you ____________________________(提出新的意見來)?(3) The question of drug-taking is bound to (一定要) _____ at the next conference.

　　A．be come up

　　B．come up

　　C．come up with

　　D．be coming up

　　考點3．

　　【教材原句】So by the 1600’s Shakespeare was able to make use of a wider vocabulary than ever before.所以到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時期都大。

　　我們應(yīng)該__________每一分鐘好好學(xué)習(xí)。（1）

　　(2)Our factory is making increasing use of robots.我們工廠正_________機器人。（2）

　　【歸納】【即時鞏固】(1)根據(jù)漢語提By the 1600's Shakespeare was able to______________________(用比以前任何時候都大的詞匯量)．(2)同義句轉(zhuǎn)換rench.＝His free time ________________________ to learn French. (3) In order to go to a famous university, you must ________ each of the three years in Senior High School.

　　A．make most of

　　B．make best of

　　C．make good use for

　　D．make good use of

　　考點4.

　　play a role/part in在……中擔(dān)任角色；在……中起作用

　　【教材原句】Geography also plays a part in making dialects.地理位置對方言的產(chǎn)生也有影響。

　　科技在發(fā)展農(nóng)業(yè)中____________。（1）起重要作用

　　(2)He will play/act the role/part of the doctor in my latest drama.他將在我最新的戲里________。（2）出演醫(yī)生的角色

　　【提示】play a role/part in是“動詞＋名詞＋介詞”構(gòu)成的動詞短語，這類短語有兩個重要考點：

　　(1)用名詞做主語，用于被動句；

　　(2)用名詞做先行詞，用于定語從句。類似短語有：make use of, pay attention to等。

　　【歸納】……方面起重要作用

　　play the role of sb.＝play/act the part of sb.(在劇中)扮演某人的角色

　　play the leading role起主要(帶頭)作用

　　【即時鞏固】(1)The man ____________________________(在這部電影中扮演角色) and became popular very soon.(2)John ________________________________(起重要作用) in the success of the meeting.(3)Clearly your own knowledge and experience will ________your decision.

　　A．make use ofB．play a part in

　　C．get along with

　　D．get tired of1 狀語從句的連接詞

　　【教材原句】Native English speakers can understand each other even if they don't speak the same kind of English. 以英語作為母語的人，即使他們所說的英語不盡相同，也可以相互交流。

　　【句法分析】句中 even if 相當(dāng)于 even though, 意為即使；盡管，。even if/though 。

　　【例句研讀】

　　1.Even if you don't like flowers, you shouldn't miss the flower exhibition.即使你不喜歡花，。We have decided to visit the museum even if it rains tomorrow.我們決定明天去參觀博物館，。【】【即時鞏固】

　　A．a(chǎn)s if　

　　B．now that

　　C．even though

　　D．so that

　　考點2

　　believe it or not 信不信由你。常在句中做插入語/no such thing 沒有這樣的事情。

　　【教材原句】

　　【句法分析】【】【即時鞏固】

　　A．In a word

　　B．What’s more

　　C．That’s to say

　　D．Believe it or not

　　考點3

　　more...than...

　　【教材原句】It was based more on German than the English we speak at present.

　　【句法分析】more...than...可以看成是一種固定句式，其中的more可修飾名詞、形容詞、副詞或動詞。此句式一是表示“比……更……”之意，二是用于對人或物的同一性質(zhì)或同一方面進行比較，表示“與其說……不如說……；不是……而是……”之意。 more...than之后接含有can的從句時，表示否定意義。