Module 6 Unexplained Mysteries of the Natural World

　　話題詞匯

　　1.mystery n.謎

　　2.puzzling/strange/weird奇怪的

　　3.witness v.見證

　　4.give an explanation解釋

　　5.result in/lead to導致

　　6.by accident碰巧

　　經典語篇

　　某論壇開設了一個主題為“Tales of the unexplained”的專區。請你根據以下信息，寫一篇100詞左右短文，發表在論壇。

　　名稱：報時怪石

　　位置：澳大利亞中部的沙漠

　　高度：348米

　　現象：能夠有規律地改變顏色，早上為棕色；中午為灰藍色(dusty blue)；下午為紅色。

　　注意：可適當增加細節，使行文連貫。

　　佳作欣賞

　　Have you ever heard of a rock which can tell time? There is one with the height of 348 meters.① The rock just lies in a desert in the middle of Australia.②

　　Its color can alter regularly in a day，and it makes people puzzled about it.③ It’s brown after sunrise in the morning.Interestingly，it turns dusty blue at noon.④ However，in the afternoon，it’s weird that red will appear on its surface.

　　Scientists have been studying this amazing phenomenon for long but nobody has been able to explain how this happens.⑤ In the future，perhaps scientists can find out the exact reason.

　　思維發散

　　1.將第①、②兩句用分詞結構連成一句

　　There is one with the height of 348 meters，lying in a desert in the middle of Australia.

　　2.用主語從句改寫第③句

　　What makes people puzzled is that its color can alter regularly in a day.

　　3.用強調句型改寫第④句，強調at noon

　　Interestingly，it is at noon that it turns dusty blue.

　　4.仿照第⑤句用現在完成進行時翻譯句子

　　一直下了三天雨。

　　It has been raining for three days on end.

　　Ⅰ.重點單詞

　　A.寫作單詞

　　1.attack (vt.& n.)襲擊；攻擊

　　2.claim (vt.)聲稱

　　3.surface (n.)表面；水面

　　4.calm (adj.)平靜的；(v.)(使)平靜；(使)鎮靜

　　5.unlikely (adj.)不可能的

　　6.cover (vt.)占地 (多大面積)

　　7.adapt (vi.)適應；適合；改編

　　8.disappear (vi.)不見；消失

　　9.generous (adj.)有雅量的；大方的；心地高尚的

　　10.reputation (n.)名譽；名聲

　　11.positive (adj.)正面的

　　12.fortune (n.)運氣；命運；財富

　　13.frightening (adj.)嚇人的

　　frightened (adj.)受驚嚇的

　　frighten (v.)使驚恐；驚恐

　　14.exist (vi.)存在

　　existence (n.)存在

　　15.sharp (adj.)鋒利的；尖的

　　sharpen (v.)(使)變得鋒利；加強；使尖銳

　　B.閱讀單詞

　　16.footprint (n.)腳印；足跡

　　17.creature (n.)動物；生物

　　18.grey (adj.)灰色的

　　19.journal (n.)雜志；學報；期刊

　　20.sighting (n.)目擊；發現

　　21.mysterious (adj.)神秘的

　　22.sceptical (adj.)懷疑的；不相信的

　　23.extinct (adj.)絕種的；消亡了的

　　24.fierce (adj.)兇猛的；殘暴的

　　25.destruction (n.)毀壞

　　26.unpredictable (adj.)變化莫測的

　　27.border (n.)邊境；國界

　　28.identity (n.)身份；特性

　　29.myth (n.)神話；神話故事

　　30.indicate (vt.)象征；暗示

　　indication (n.)象征；表明

　　Ⅱ.重點短語

　　1.close up靠近

　　2.die out滅絕

　　3.throw light on闡明某事；幫助弄清楚

　　4.come straight to the point談正題；開門見山

　　5.due to由于；因……造成

　　6.be sceptical about懷疑

　　7.adapt to適應

　　8.go for襲擊；抨擊；適用；選擇；喜歡

　　Ⅲ.經典句式

　　1.He claims to have seen a round black creature moving quickly through the water.

　　他聲稱看見一個圓形黑色的動物在水中快速游動。

　　2.There have been reports of monsters in Lake Tianchi since the beginning of the last century，although no one has seen one close up.

　　自上世紀初以來，一直就有關于天池怪物的報道，盡管還不曾有人近距離地目睹過。

　　3.They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.

　　他們說，溫度低的湖中不可能存活如此大的生物。

　　Ⅳ.課文語法填空

　　Lake Tianchi is 1.located(locate) in the Changbai Mountains in Jilin province.It is the 2.highest(high) volcanic lake in the world.There 3.have been(be) reports of monsters in it since the beginning of the last century.

　　Meng Fanying，the director of a local tourist office，said that the monster seemed to be black 4.in colour，and jumped out of the water like a seal.

　　Xue Junlin，a local photographer，claimed that its head looked like a horse,5.though no one really got a clear look at the mysterious creature.

　　A soldier said the monster was greenish-black and had 6.a round head with 10-centimetre horns.

　　Li Xiaohe,7.who was visiting the lake with his family，claimed to have seen a round black creature 8.moving(move) quickly through the water.

　　Many people believe its 9.existence(exist).10.However，scientists are skeptical about this.

　　1

　　?1?make a claim for/on/to要求……

　　?2?claim to do.../that...聲稱……

　　(1)He claimed that it was all a trick against him.

　　他聲稱這一切都是一個針對他的詭計。

　　(2)He repeated his claim that the people there backed his action.

　　他再次聲稱，那里的人民支持他的行動。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①The scientist claimed to have invented(invent) a new kind of car.

　　②The victims in the accident made a claim for damages.

　　(2)She claims that she is related to the Queen.(用含有不定式的簡單句改寫)

　　She claims to be related to the Queen.

　　2 calm adj.鎮靜的，沉著的?not excited，upset，etc.?；風平浪靜的；無風的；v.?使?平靜，?使?鎮靜

　　?1?keep/be/stay calm保持鎮靜

　　?2?calm down?使?平靜?鎮靜?下來

　　(1)The weather was fine and the lake was calm.

　　天氣很好，湖面也很平靜。

　　(2)It is important to keep/stay calm in an emergency.

　　在緊急情況下保持鎮靜是很重要的。

　　(3)Moved by what she said，he could hardly calm down.

　　由于被她說的那些話所感動，他很難平靜下來。

　　[詞義辨析]　calm，quiet，silent，still

　　(1)calm平靜的，沉著的，指無風浪或人的心情不激動。

　　(2)quiet寧靜的，安靜的，指沒有聲音、不吵鬧或心里沒有煩惱、焦慮。

　　(3)silent寂靜的，沉默的，指不說話或沒有聲音。

　　(4)still靜止的，不動的，指(人體等)不運動的。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用calm，quiet，silent，still的正確形式填空

　　①Try to keep calm and just tell me what happened.

　　②He spoke no English and was completely silent during the visit.

　　③Children find it difficult to sit still for very long.

　　④The airlines have invested enormous sums in quieter，more efficient engines.

　　(2)單句改錯

　　Although she was frightened，she answered with a calm voice.with→in

　　3

　　[應試指導]　分詞作狀語的考查

　　(1)adapt (...) to (使……)適應于……

　　adapt oneself to使自己適應……

　　adapt...for...為……改編(寫)；改造……以供……之用

　　adapt from根據……改編(寫)

　　(2)adaptable adj.有適應能力的；能適應的；可改編的

　　(3)adaptation n.改編本；適應

　　(1)During the one-month stay，I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.

　　一個月的生活中，我只好使自己適應美國的生活方式并幫助他們理解中國文化的精髓。

　　(2)This machine has been specially adapted for use underwater.

　　這機器是為水下使用而特別改裝的。

　　(3)The soil is adaptable to the growth of peanuts.

　　這土壤適宜于花生的生長。

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)The play is adapted from a novel.

　　(2)These teaching materials can be adapted for older children.

　　(3)When you go to a new country，you must adapt to new manners and customs.

　　(4)This play is an adaptation(adapt) of a short novel.

　　4

　　die of/from死于,die down?聲音、火焰等?逐漸減弱、降低

　　die off相繼死去，死亡殆盡

　　die away?聲音、光、風等?逐漸減弱，逐漸消失

　　be dying for/to do...渴望獲得/做……

　　(1)Smallpox has completely died out in this country.

　　天花在這個國家已經絕跡了。

　　(2)When the applause had died down，she began her speech.

　　掌聲平息后，她就開始演講了。

　　(3)The sheep the old man raised died off one by one.

　　老人飼養的綿羊一個個相繼死去。

　　[詞義辨析]　die of，die from

　　表示死的原因，die后既可接介詞of，也可接from，兩者的區別是：

　　(1)若死因存在于人體之上或之內(主要指疾病、衰老等自身的原因)，一般用介詞of。

　　(2)若死因不是存在人體之上或之內，而是由環境造成的(主要指事故等方面的外部原因)，一般用介詞from。

　　(3)若死因是環境影響到體內，即兩方面共有的原因，則用of，from均可。

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)According to statistics，a man is more than twice as likely to die of/from skin cancer as a woman.

　　(2)She is dying to know(know) where you’ve been.

　　(3)The excitement died down as time went by.

　　(4)The singing of birds died away.

　　(5)The cattle died off in the cold winter.

　　5

　　be due to sth.因為，由于；歸因于

　　be due to do sth.預期/預定要做某事

　　be due for sth.期望得到某物

　　(1)The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.

　　這項工程由于缺乏政府的資助而不得不放棄。

　　(2)Any money that is due to you will be paid before the end of the month.

　　欠你的錢將在月底之前全部支付給你。

　　(3)The meeting isn’t due to start until three.

　　會議預計直到3點才開始。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)單句語法填空

　　①We are due to leave(leave) tomorrow.

　　②Respect is due to older people.

　　③Due to your carelessness(care)，it doesn’t work now.

　　④She is due for promotion soon.

　　(2)單句改錯

　　His absence due to the storm.due前加was

　　6

　　多維訓練

　　(1)用exist的正確形式填空

　　①There exists a good way to solve the existing problem in geography.

　　②Do you know when the new Marriage Law came into existence?

　　(2) 短語填空　

　　①He could hardly exist on such a low wage.

　　②Some substances unknown are in existence naturally.

　　③The custom of arranged marriages still exists in many countries.

　　7

　　多維訓練

　　單句語法填空

　　(1)It’s very generous of you to help me.

　　(2)He is generous to the poor.

　　(3)She is generous in giving her time to help others.

　　(4)The young man is generous with his money.

　　8 They say that the low-temperature lake is unlikely to be able to support such large living creatures.他們說，溫度低的湖中不可能存活如此大的生物。

　　be unlikely to do...不可能做……

　　be likely to do...可能做……

　　It is likely that...可能……

　　It is possible ?for sb.? to do...?某人?可能做……

　　It is possible that...可能……

　　It is probable that...可能……

　　Not likely.不會；不可能。

　　(1)It seems to me that he’s likely to know the answer.

　　在我看來，他很可能知道答案。

　　(2)It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.

　　如果繼續吸煙，你的身體健康會受到損害。

　　[特別提醒]

　　(1)likely既可以用人也可以用物作主語。

　　(2)possible和probable表示客觀上有可能，不能用人作主語。probable的可能性比possible大。

　　多維訓練

　　(1)同義句改寫

　　They are likely to be fired by the company because of their fault.(用it作形式主語改寫)

　　It is likely that they will be fired by the company because of their fault.

　　(2)根據提示語填空

　　The headmaster ①is not likely to attend(可能不來參加) the meeting，but it is ②possible(有可能) for us to come up with a solution by ourselves.Anyhow it is ③probable/likely(很有可能) that we can solve the problem in a satisfactory way.

　　Ⅰ.語境填詞

　　1.When an individual ant comes under attack(攻擊) or is dying，it sends out an alarm pheromone(外激素) to warn the colony to prepare for a conflict as a defense unit.(2024·安徽)

　　2.Study groups and class projects are examples of positive(積極的) peer groups that encourage people to better themselves.(2024·江蘇)

　　3.No one could be more generous(慷慨的)；he has a heart of gold.(2024·天津)

　　4.What earned the plant its awful reputation(名聲) was its roots which looked like a dried-up human body occupied by evil spirits.(2024·重慶)

　　5.She handed me an earring saying I should keep it in case somebody claimed(認領) it.(2024·大綱全國Ⅱ)

　　Ⅱ.單句語法填空

　　1.Both locally and globally，the continued spread of full-sun coffee plantations(種植園) could mean the destruction(destructive) of the rainforest ecology.(2024·陜西)