高考題型提能練(四)　Unit 4

　　Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·南寧市適應(yīng)性測試)There have always been laws against copying other people's ideas. However, when copying was only limited to copying something by hand, problems were solved easily. The solution was always the destruction or removal of the copy. Nowadays, the rise of the Internet has made the issue of intellectual property (知識產(chǎn)權(quán)) more complicated.

　　Almost every bit of information can be cut and pasted (粘貼) with a few clicks of a mouse. Many art forms such as writings, films, and music need new protection to ensure that people do not simply transfer them for free. Online illegal copying has been blamed for a huge reduction in the sales of many records because it is hard to convince people to buy something that they can get for free. Even the ideas behind traditional games, such as Scrabble, have been used without the owners' permission.

　　Old laws have been struggling to keep up. While music companies have been successful in persuading courts that action should be taken against people who illegally download music, the law is difficult to carry out. Furthermore, intellectual property rights vary widely from country to country, so it's up for debate which laws apply. Finally, there is the fact that many people simply do not see the act as theft, since once the work has been digitized there is no clear physical object to steal in the first place.

　　All of these issues mean that companies involved with intellectual property — ideas or easily digitized information —

　　are fighting desperately to get people to pay for the information they use, rather than paying for an object like a CD that they use. While the companies have sometimes been successful, the practical barriers to full protection seem insurmountable.

　　Finally, all that concerned parties can do is hope that their few successes scare off others and try to find new ways of making money.

　　1.Why do writings, films, and music need protection?

　　A.They are very expensive.

　　B.They are impossible to copy.

　　C.It is easy to make CDs, books, and movies.

　　D.They are easily able to be transferred when in digital form.

　　2.Which of the following is NOT mentioned as a problem of carrying out intellectual property rights?

　　A.Laws are not the same in all countries.

　　B.People do not see copying information as theft.

　　C.It is very hard to catch people who are breaking the law.

　　D.Internet service providers do not want to cooperate with the police.

　　3.The underlined word “insurmountable” in Paragraph 4 means “________”.

　　A.extremely expensive

　　B.impossible to overcome

　　C.against the law

　　D.hard to prove

　　4.What can be inferred from this passage?

　　A.Music and films will be unnecessary in the future.

　　B.New laws are necessary but difficult to put into practice.

　　C.The Internet is likely to become more important in the future.

　　D.Laws are just a way for greedy companies to control their products.

　　B

　　(2024·洛陽市統(tǒng)一考試)Some people like modern art, while others say that is rubbish.But a cleaner who works in the Tate Gallery in London isn't able to tell the difference.The woman, whose name isn't known, mistook a work of art by the German painter Gustav Metzger for a bag of rubbish, and threw it out with other bags. The plastic bag, which contained pieces of paper and cardboard, was later recovered outside the gallery, but the artist thought that it was too damaged to be put on show again. 78-year-old Mr Metzger explained that the exhibit, which he said was a copy of a similar work he had created in 1960, was meant to show that all art is temporary and “finite (有限的)”.

　　Embarrassed officials at the museum said that they had had to call a meeting with cleaners to explain which things should not be touched. They would not say whether Mr Metzger would be paid any compensation for the incident. However, to make absolutely sure the same thing would not happen again, they decided to cover Mr Metzger's work every evening with a coloured cloth. In this way the cleaners arriving after the gallery had been closed to the general public would realize they should not touch it.

　　This is not the first time that museum cleaners have had trouble distinguishing exhibits from rubbish. In 2001, in another London gallery, a cleaner threw away a work by the well-known British artist Damien Hirst. It was an arrangement of empty beer bottles, coffee cups, and overflowing ashtrays, which were meant to indicate the chaos in the life of an artist.

　　However, cleaners don't always throw things away — sometimes they clean them!

　　This was the case with a dirty bath, which was on show in a gallery in Germany. Without asking what the bath was doing in the gallery, the cleaners simply scrubbed it clean.

　　5.The officials of the museum covered Mr Metzger's work so that ________.

　　A.the visitors couldn't get close in the evening

　　B.they could get recovered soon

　　C.the cleaners wouldn't make the same mistake

　　D.they would return to normal

　　6.Which of the following is NOT true?

　　A.People have different opinions on modern art.

　　B.Mr Metzger would be paid much compensation.

　　C.A work of Damien Hirst was thrown away by a cleaner in 2001.

　　D.Some modern work is about the chaos of an artist's life.

　　7.The last paragraph is written to show that________.

　　A.cleaners often make exhibits as clean as possible

　　B.cleaners can't always differ exhibits from rubbish

　　C.exhibits are usually difficult to clean

　　D.exhibits are not always so beautiful

　　8.What's the best title of the passage?

　　A.Cleaners mistake modern art for rubbish

　　B.Modern art shouldn't be cleaned

　　C.What makes a great work of art

　　D.Cleaners don't always throw things away

　?、?任務(wù)型閱讀

　　(2024·甘肅省高考診斷考試)We all have our favourite teachers — those who treat us equally. But what about those teachers we don't know as well (for even don't like much)?

　　You can do lots of things to get a relation with your teacher. First, do the following:

　　1.________ Complete all homework on time. Be attentive, be respectful, and ask questions.

　　2.________

　　Obviously, your teachers are really interested in their subjects or they wouldn't have decided to teach them! Show the teacher that you care, even if you're not good at math or fluent in French — send the message that you are a dedicated student.

　　You can also schedule a private meeting during a teacher's free period.

　　3.________

　　You can ask questions, inquire about a career in the subject, or talk about your progress in class. You may be surprised to learn that your teacher is a bit more relaxed one on one than when lecturing in front of the whole class.

　　However, here are some things to avoid when trying to establish a relationship with your teacher：

　　·4.________ Teachers sense when your only motivation is to get special treatment, a college reference, or a job suggestion.

　　·Trying to be teachers' pet. You just attract the teachers' attention on purpose

　　and your classmates may start to hate you.

　　·5.________

　　It's OK to offer a small sign of thanks to teachers if they've been helpful to you. But a teacher is usually not allowed to accept the wrong message, and a teacher is usually not allowed to accept anything expensive.

　　A.Giving expensive gifts.

　　B.Show up for class on time.

　　C.Not being sincere.

　　D.Find the practical value in classes.

　　E.Use this time to get extra help.

　　F.Show an interest in the subject.

　　G.Get along better with your teachers.

　?、?完形填空

　　(2024·南昌市十校二模) A young and successful executive was traveling down a neighborhood street, going a bit too fast in his new Jaguar. He was watching

　　__1__

　　kids dashing out from between parked cars and

　　__2__

　　when he thought he saw something.

　　As his car passed, one child appeared, and a brick

　　__3__

　　into the Jaguar's side door. He slammed on the brakes and spun the Jaguar back to the

　　__4__

　　from where the brick had been thrown.

　　He jumped out of the car, grabbed some kid and pushed him up against a parked car,

　　__5__， “What was that all about and who are you? What are you doing？” Building up a head of steam, he went on. “That's a new car and that brick you threw is gonna

　　__6__

　　a lot of money. Why did you do it？”

　　“Please, Mister, please, I'm sorry. I didn't know what else to do！” pleaded the youngster.“It's my brother，” he said. “He rolled

　　__7__

　　the curb

　　(路邊)

　　and fell out of his wheelchair and I can't

　　__8__

　　him up.

　　__9__，

　　the boy asked the executive, “Would you please help me get him back into his wheelchair? He's hurt and he's too

　　__10__

　　for me.”

　　__11__

　　beyond words, the driver tried to

　　__12__

　　the rapidly swelling lump in his throat. He lifted the young man back into the wheelchair and took out his handkerchief and

　　__13__

　　the scrapes and cuts, checking to see that everything was going to be okay.

　　“Thank you, sir. And God bless you，”

　　the

　　__14__

　　child said to him. The man then watched the little boy push his brother to the sidewalk toward their home.

　　It was a long walk back to his Jaguar ... a long, slow walk. He never did

　　__15__

　　the side door. He kept the dent

　　(凹痕)

　　to

　　__16__

　　him not to go through life so fast that someone has to throw a brick at you to get your

　　__17__.

　　Life whispers in your

　　__18__

　　and speaks to your heart. Sometimes, when you don't have the time to

　　__19__

　　... Life throws a brick at your head.

　　It's your choice: Listen to the whispers of your soul or wait for the

　　__20__！

　　1.A.inB.for

　　C.up

　　D.of

　　2.A.sped up

　　B.moved off

　　C.slowed down

　　D.drew off

　　3.A.smashed

　　B.threw

　　C.rushed

　　D.attacked

　　4.A.street

　　B.house

　　C.car

　　D.spot

　　5.A.speaking

　　B.shouting

　　C.talking

　　D.saying

　　6.A.cost

　　B.take

　　C.spend

　　D.pay

　　7.A.off

　　B.about

　　C.on

　　D.into

　　8.A.rise

　　B.lift

　　C.put

　　D.drag

　　9.A.Calling

　　B.Yelling

　　C.Sobbing

　　D.Shouting

　　10.A.heavy

　　B.tall

　　C.weak

　　D.difficult

　　11.A.Moved

　　B.Surprised

　　C.Annoyed

　　D.Persuaded

　　12.A.spit

　　B.swallow

　　C.vomit

　　D.digest

　　13.A.scratched

　　B.applied

　　C.wiped

　　D.drafted

　　14.A.grateful

　　B.sorrowful

　　C.naughty

　　D.lovely

　　15.A.decorate

　　B.repair

　　C.crash

　　D.remove

　　16.A.remind

　　B.warn

　　C.sense

　　D.detect

　　17.A.understanding

　　B.approval

　　C.sympathy

　　D.attention

　　18.A.spirit

　　B.soul

　　C.ghost

　　D.memory

　　19.A.think

　　B.feel

　　C.look

　　D.listen

　　20.A.moment

　　B.idea

　　C.brick

　　D.chance

　?、?短文改錯

　　(2024·蘭州質(zhì)檢)Last Saturday I went to the library as usually. At about noon, I was enjoying my reading near a lake while suddenly I hear someone crying for help. I went up to see what was happened. I was shocking to find a little child struggling in the water in the distance while many peoples were standing by without doing anything. Without any hesitation, I had pushed through the crowd as I took off my coat, but jumped into the water quickly. I managed to reach him and carried him back to safety. To his great relief, the kid was saved.

　　I was proud what I had done. I hope everyone can give a hand when someone else is in need.

　　高考題型提能練(四)

　　.

　　1．解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第二段前三句“Almost every bit of information ... something that they can get for free.”可知隨著網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展著作電影和音樂等很容易通過網(wǎng)絡(luò)以數(shù)字形式供人們免費下載這極大地?fù)p害了創(chuàng)作人的合法權(quán)益所以它們需要被保護(hù)故答案選D2．解析：選D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第三段中的“the law is difficult to carry out”“intellectual property rights vary widely from country to country”“there is the fact that many people simply do not see the act as theft”和“once the work has been digitized there is no clear physical object to steal in the first place”可知A、B、C三項都是在保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)時所面臨的問題D項在文中沒有提到故答案選D3．解析：選B　詞義猜測題根據(jù)第三段和第四段內(nèi)容可知保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)面臨很多障礙盡管有成功案例但是要克服這些全面保護(hù)知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的實際障礙幾乎是不可能的由此可推斷出insurmountable意為“難以克服的不能超越的”B項意為“不可能克服的”故答案選B4．解析：選B　推理判斷題根據(jù)全文可知由于網(wǎng)絡(luò)的發(fā)展知識產(chǎn)權(quán)的保護(hù)受到嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)原有法律已解決不了日益復(fù)雜的問題；人們在用法律來維護(hù)創(chuàng)作人的權(quán)益時遇到了很多障礙使得維權(quán)難以真正貫徹下去由此可推斷出制定新的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)保護(hù)法很有必要但是這項法律實施起來仍會很困難故答案選B

　　5．解析：選C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第二段中的“However, to make absolutely sure the same thing would not happen again, they decided to cover ... with a coloured cloth.”可知他們這樣做的目的是避免清潔工再次犯同樣的錯誤即C項正確6．解析：選B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題根據(jù)第一段的第一句可知A項表述正確；根據(jù)第二段的第二句可知B項表述錯誤；根據(jù)第三段的第二句和最后一句可知CD兩項表述正確故選B項7．解析：選B　推理判斷題最后一段通過講述清潔工誤把現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)作品當(dāng)成臟東西而擦掉的事來說明清潔工并不總是能分清現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)作品與垃圾即B項正確8．解析：選A　標(biāo)題歸納題文章開頭的前兩句話點明了主題然后全文都是圍繞清潔工誤把現(xiàn)代藝術(shù)作品當(dāng)成垃圾展開敘述的即A項正確.1～5　BFECA.

　　1．解析：選B　考查介詞watch for固定搭配意為“當(dāng)心(小孩沖出來)”故選B2．解析：選C　考查動詞短語 speed up“加速”；move

　　off “離開”；slow

　　down“減速”；draw off “撤退脫掉”當(dāng)車主覺得看到什么時將車速減慢下來故選C3．解析：選A　考查動詞smash“砸”；throw“扔”；rush“沖出來”；attack“攻擊”由上下文可知當(dāng)車經(jīng)過時一塊磚猛地砸碎(smash into)在車的側(cè)門上故選A4．解析：選D　考查名詞車主很生氣地踩了剎車并后退到磚頭丟出來的地方故用spot選D5．解析：選B　考查動詞車主生氣故用shout選B6．解析：選A　考查動詞車主接著又吼道：“你知道因為你扔的磚頭要花費(cost)多少錢來修理這臺新車嗎？”故選A7．解析：選A　考查介詞roll off“滾落下來”從后文提到的輪椅可知選A8．解析：選B　考查動詞孩子不能把他哥哥抱起來(lift up)故選B9．解析：選C　考查動詞從上文可知孩子很焦急應(yīng)該是在啜泣嗚咽故填sobbing選C10．解析：選A　考查形容詞對小孩來說他哥哥很重故填heavy選A11．解析：選A　考查動詞由下文可知車主被孩子的行為感動了故用moved選A12．解析：選B　考查動詞spit“吐口水”；swallow“吞咽”；vomit“嘔吐”；digest“消化”車主本還想責(zé)備那孩子但看到眼前的情景想說出口的話又咽了回去故填swallow選B13．解析：選C　考查動詞scratch“抓刮”；apply“涂”；wipe“擦拭”；draft“起草打樣”車主用手帕擦拭(wipe)小孩哥哥的傷口故選C14．解析：選A　考查形容詞 由上文可知車主幫助了孩子孩子對其應(yīng)是心存感激(grateful)故選A15．解析：選B　考查動詞由下文“kept the dent (凹痕)”可知車主并未去修理(repair)車故選B16．解析：選A　考查動詞remind“提醒”；warn“警告”；sense“感知”；detect“察覺”車主未修理車身凹痕是為了提醒(remind)自己不要太匆忙故選A17．解析：選D　考查名詞不要等到有人用“扔磚頭”來引起你的注意(attention)故選D18．解析：選B　考查名詞從文章最后一句“Listen to the whispers of your soul ...”可知此空填soul故選B19．解析：選D　考查動詞從文章最后一句“Listen to the whispers of your soul ...”可知此空填listen故選D20．解析：選C　考查名詞文中之前提到的brick這句話指當(dāng)生命想與你的心靈竊竊私語時若你沒有時間你有兩種選擇：傾聽你心靈的聲音或讓磚頭來砸醒你！故選C.第一句：usually→usual第二句：while→when; hear→heard