課時作業11　Unit 1　Festivals around the world

　　一、單元扣點訓練

　　Ⅰ.短語填空

　　1．When the mother came in，the child was ________ the toys.

　　2．I wrote a long poem ________ Robert, who used to be my old friend as well as my teacher.

　　3．I couldn't find my watch for ages, but then one day it ________ in a coat pocket.

　　4．He ________ and paid me the money he owed me exactly on time.

　　5．When does the ceremony ________？ All the lovely boys and girls in our school are waiting for it.

　　6．Fred got very angry when the other boys________ him and hid his clothes.

　　7．I want to ________ early in order to avoid the traffic.

　　8．I hated leaving little Emily，but I ________ seeing my mother again.

　　9．She ________ as the horses came toward the finish line.

　　10．It's a small informal party—you don't have to ________.

　　答案　1.having fun with　2.in memory of　3.turned up

　　4．kept his word　5.take place　6.played a trick on

　　7．set off　8.looked forward to　9.held her breath

　　10．dress up

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．At that time people would starve ______________________(如果食物難以找到), especially during the cold winter months. (difficult)

　　答案　if food was difficult to find

　　2．In European countries, people will usually ______________________(用花果來裝飾教堂和市政廳), and will get together to have meals. (decorate)

　　答案　if food was difficult to find

　　答案　decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit

　　3．The country，______________________(到處是盛開的櫻花), looks as though it is covered with pink flowers. (cover)

　　答案　covered with cherry tree flowers

　　Ⅲ.模仿造句

　　1．Festivals are_meant_to celebrate important times of year.

　　[翻譯]開學的頭幾天是用來讓新生熟悉校園生活。

　　答案　The first days of school are meant to get the freshmen familiar with campus life.

　　2．The most energetic and important festivals are the_ones_that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.

　　[翻譯]他跟他兒子之間的經歷是無數父母都有過的經歷。

　　答案　His experiences with his son are the ones that are shared by countless other parents.

　　3．Some western countries have very exciting carnivals, which take place forty days before Easter.

　　[翻譯]這輛火車比公共汽車快，只需三個小時。

　　答案　The train, which takes only three hours，is quicker than the bus.

　　4．She could be with her friends right now laughing_at_him.

　　[翻譯]他現在可能在樓上給女友寫信呢。

　　答案　He might be upstairs right now writing to his girlfriend.

　　5．It_was_obvious_that the manager of the coffee shop was waiting for Li Fang to leave.

　　[翻譯]很顯然月球上沒有生命。

　　答案　It is obvious that no life exists on the moon.

　　二、閱讀理解

　　(2024·湖南卷)

　　In its early history, Chicago had floods frequently, especially in the spring, making the streets so muddy that people, horses, and carts got stuck. An old joke that was popular at the time went something like this: A man is stuck up to his waist in a muddy Chicago street. Asked if he needs help, he replies, “No, thanks. I've got a good horse under me.”

　　The city planners decided to build an underground drainage (排水) system, but there simply wasn't enough difference between the height of the ground level and the water level. The only two options were to lower the Chicago River or raise the city.

　　An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt. This raised the level of the city's streets by as much as 12 feet.

　　This of course created a new problem: dirt practically buried the first floors of every building in Chicago. Building owners were faced with a choice: either change the first floors of their buildings into basements, and the second stories into main floors, or hoist the entire buildings to meet the new street level. Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily. But what about large, heavy structures like the Tremont Hotel, which was a six-story brick building?

　　That's where George Pullman came in. He had developed some house-moving skills successfully. To lift a big structure like the Tremont Hotel, Pullman would place thousands of jackscrews (螺旋千斤頂) beneath the building's foundation. One man was assigned to operate each section of roughly 10 jackscrews. At Pullman's signal each man turned his jackscrew the same amount at the same time, thereby raising the building slowly and evenly. Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening.

　　Some people like to say that every problem has a solution. But in Chicago's early history, every engineering solution seemed to create a new problem. Now that Chicago's waste water was draining efficiently into the Chicago River, the city's next step was to clean the polluted river.

　　語篇解讀　芝加哥早期城市規劃不合理，一遇洪災路面就會十分泥濘，后來在工程師Ellis Chesbrough和George Pullman的努力下，成功將城市路面以及建筑物提高，避免路面受洪災影響，但這又導致了另外一個問題的出現。

　　1．The author mentions the joke to show ________.

　　A. horses were fairly useful in Chicago

　　B. Chicago's streets were extremely muddy

　　C. Chicago was very dangerous in the spring

　　D. the Chicago people were particularly humorous

　　答案與解析　B　考查細節理解。從文章第一段的內容可知，作者講這個笑話是為了證明芝加哥的路面十分泥濘。

　　2．The city planners were convinced by Ellis Chesbrough to ________.

　　A. get rid of the street dirt

　　B. lower the Chicago River

　　C. fight against heavy floods

　　D. build the pipes above ground

　　答案與解析　D　考查細節理解。從文章第三段第一句“An engineer named Ellis Chesbrough convinced the city that it had no choice but to build the pipes above ground and then cover them with dirt”可得出答案。

　　3．The underlined word “hoist” in Paragraph 4 means “________”．

　　A. change

　　B. lift

　　C. repair

　　D. decorate

　　答案與解析　B　考查詞義猜測。根據文章第四段畫線詞后面的“Small wood-frame buildings could be lifted fairly easily”可知，hoist與lift同義。

　　4．What can we conclude about the moving operation of the Tremont Hotel?

　　A. It went on smoothly as intended.

　　B. It interrupted the business of the hotel.

　　C. It involved Pullman turning ten jackscrews.

　　D. It separated the building from its foundation.

　　答案與解析　A　考查推理判斷。根據第五段最后一句“Astonishingly, the Tremont Hotel stayed open during the entire operation, and many of its guests didn't even notice anything was happening”可推斷出Tremont Hotel的移動工程進行得很順利。

　　5．The passage is mainly about early Chicago's ________.

　　A. popular lifestyles and their influences

　　B. environmental disasters and their causes

　　C. engineering problems and their solutions

　　D. successful businessmen and their achievements

　　答案與解析　C　考查主旨大意。根據整篇文章可知，本文主要講的是芝加哥早期(關于城市規劃)的工程問題以及解決方案。

　　三、完形填空

　　(2024·河北唐山模擬)

　　Beginning to learn gymnastics even before she could barely walk, Svetlana had always dreamed to enter the Olympics scene some day.

　　However, her __1__ ended in the car on the winding road when a lorry appeared out of nowhere. The last thing she __2__ was a blinding flash of light. In hospital, when told she would never __3__again, she couldn't believe it. Three months later, she was __4__out of hospital on a wheelchair. Then a friend came to her house to visit her with an old children's storybook. A bookmark in it made her __5__ to page 117. The name of the __6__ was “The Day Clara Walked”. She was determined to return to stage whatever it might cost.

　　__7__， after a year's hard exercise, Svetlana recovered and was able to display her gymnastics. While she was sitting on the green bench __8__ the Athens Olympic Stadium, memories __9__： first, the pain and the tears, the book under her pillow, the words of relatives full of advice and comfort, and the pity in those eyes that had once held __10__ for her talent. Then followed the trips to the gym where everyone looked on__11__， their disbelief transforming slowly to wonder, __12__she could balance the hoop (圈) as well as her teammates. She registered for the 2004 Olympic Games, and finally she received __13__ from the Olympic Committee.

　　Her __14__ was interrupted by the attendant who said, “It's time”， two words that she had been __15__ to hear for so long. Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium, each __16__ firm and steady. Everything was __17__， and the applause rang loud in her ears, her heart __18__ violently against her chest.

　　Later that night, Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket and placed it on the old__19__on the shelf, which opened to page 117, to the chapter “The Day Clara Walked”， tears __20__ her vision.

　　1．A. intention

　　B. dream

　　C. life

　　D. career

　　2．A. remembered

　　B. forgot

　　C. experienced

　　D. suffered

　　3．A. see

　　B. dance

　　C. sing

　　D. walk

　　4．A. wheeled

　　B. rocked

　　C. thrown

　　D. rushed

　　5．A. point

　　B. relate

　　C. open

　　D. adapt

　　6．A. bookmark

　　B. page

　　C. story

　　D. chapter

　　7．A. Fortunately

　　B. Surprisingly

　　C. Suddenly

　　D. Certainly

　　8．A. outside

　　B. inside

　　C. beneath

　　D. opposite

　　9．A. squeezed out

　　B. faded away

　　C. mixed up

　　D. flooded in

　　10．A. fright

　　B. admiration

　　C. sympathy

　　D. regret

　　11．A. cheerfully

　　B. thankfully

　　C. nervously

　　D. doubtfully

　　12．A. until

　　B. while

　　C. as

　　D. once

　　13．A. approval

　　B. praise

　　C. support

　　D. access

　　14．A. plan

　　B. thought

　　C. attempt

　　D. sight

　　15．A. eager

　　B. content

　　C. upset

　　D. proud

　　16．A. breath

　　B. wave

　　C. step

　　D. look

　　17．A. unexpected

　　B. perfect

　　C. awful

　　D. finished

　　18．A. fighting

　　B. striking

　　C. kicking

　　D. hammering

　　19．A. hoop

　　B. letter

　　C. book

　　D. dress

　　20．A. rolling

　　B. filling

　　C. clouding

　　D. rushing

　　答案與解析　

　　語篇解讀　奇跡總是降臨在那些面臨困境卻懷有夢想、意志堅定的人的身上。該文主人公Svetlana的故事就是一個例證。

　　1．B　根據第一段的內容可知，Svetlana學體操，一直夢想著有一天進入奧運現場。故此處出現轉折，表示她的夢想因車禍而破滅，應選擇B項。intention“意圖，目的”；dream“夢想”；life“生命”；career“事業，生涯”。

　　2．A　她能記起的最后一件事情是一道刺眼的閃光。remember“記得”；forget“忘記”；experience“經歷”；suffer“遭受”。

　　3．D　根據下文中的“she was __4__ out of hospital on a wheelchair”可推知，她被告知不能再走路了，故選擇D項。

　　4．A　根據下文中的“on a wheelchair”可知，她坐在輪椅上被推出了醫院。wheel“用有輪之物推動”；rock“緩緩搖動”；throw“扔”；rush“迅速移動”。

　　5．C　書里的書簽使她把書打開到117頁。第19空后的“which opened to page 117”也是提示。point“指向”；relate“聯系”；open“打開”；adapt“適應”。

　　6．D　根據最后一段中的“to the chapter‘The Day Clara Walked’”可知，應選擇D項。chapter“章，篇”。

　　7．B　經過一年的艱苦訓練，Svetlana康復了并能表演體操，這是令人驚奇的事，因此選擇B項。

　　8．A　根據倒數第二段中的“Smoothing her dress，she walked into the stadium”可知，此時她是坐在體育場外的長椅上，故選擇A項。

　　9．D　Svetlana坐在長椅上回憶起經歷的一切，記憶一下子涌了進來。squeeze out“把……擠出”；fade away“逐漸消逝”；mix up“弄混”；flood in“大量涌入”。

　　10．B　根據空格后的“for her talent”并結合選項可知，此處表示曾經因她的才能而羨慕的人。fright“驚嚇”；admiration“羨慕，贊賞”；sympathy“同情”；regret“感到遺憾，懊悔”。

　　11．D　根據下文中的“their disbelief”可知，在體育場人們懷疑地觀望著。cheerfully“歡快地”；thankfully“感激地”；nervously“不安地”；doubtfully“懷疑地”。

　　12．C　當Svetlana能和她的隊友一樣平衡圈時，人們的懷疑慢慢地變成了驚奇。as表示“當……的時候”，引導時間狀語從句。注意while引導時間狀語從句時，謂語動詞須是延續性動詞。

　　13．A　根據上下文可知，她報名參加2004年奧運會，并最終獲得了奧委會的批準。approval“批準”；praise“贊揚”；support“支持”；access“入徑”。

　　14．B　文章第三段主要介紹Svetlana坐在長椅上回憶經歷的一切，此時她的思緒被服務員打斷，因為該她上場了，故選擇B項。

　　15．A　能參加奧運會是Svetlana的夢想，告知該她上場比賽的話是她一直渴望聽到的。eager“渴望的”，be eager to do“渴望做”；content“滿意”；upset“沮喪”；proud“驕傲的”。

　　16．C　根據前文中的“Smoothing her dress, she walked into the stadium”可知，此時她的每一步都走得堅定而沉穩。step“步伐”。

　　17．B　根據下文中的“and the applause rang loud in her ears”及最后一段中的“Svetlana pulled the gold medal out of her pocket”可知，她的表演非常完美。unexpected“出乎意料的”；perfect“完美的”；awful“可怕的”；finished“完成了的”。

　　18．D　(由于激動)她的心在胸腔里猛烈地跳動。fight“打架”；strike“打，擊”；kick“踢”；hammer“連續敲打”。

　　19．C　根據空格后的內容可知，Svetlana應是把金牌放在了那本舊書上。

　　20．C　淚水模糊了她的視線。roll“滾動”；fill“填滿”；cloud“使模糊”；rush“迅速移動”。