国产成人福利在线_狠狠骚_久久久精品视频免费_56pao在线_日韩一区二区福利_国产综合久久

2024屆高考英語二輪復習語法專項突破:第5節 動詞的時態和語態(北師大版)

雕龍文庫 分享 時間: 收藏本文

2024屆高考英語二輪復習語法專項突破:第5節 動詞的時態和語態(北師大版)

  第五節 動詞的時態和語態

  考點一

  時態

  1.一般現在時

  (1)表示現在的狀態以及經常性或習慣性的動作。

  He often gets up at six in the morning.

  他經常早上6點起床。

  (2)表示不受時間限制的客觀事實或普遍真理。

  As we know,light travels faster than sound.

  眾所周知,光比聲音傳播得快。

  (3)在時間、條件或讓步狀語從句中,常用一般現在時表示將來。

  As long as it doesn't rain tomorrow,we'll have a trip on schedule.

  只要明天不下雨,我們就按原計劃旅行。

  [名師點津] 常用來表示按時間表、時刻表、日程表等安排將要發生的動作,只限于表示起止的動詞如go,come,arrive,leave,start,fly,return等。

  The live football match starts at 9 o'clock this evening.

  足球實況轉播今晚9點鐘開始。

  2.一般過去時

  (1)表示過去的事情、動作或狀態,常與表示過去的時間狀語連用。

  Long long ago,there was a war between birds and beasts.很久很久以前,鳥類和獸類發生過一場戰爭。

  (2)表示說話人原來沒有料到、想到的事。

  I didn't know you were here.How long have you been here?我不知道你在這里,你來了多久了?

  3.一般將來時

  (1)表示將來的動作或狀態常用will/shall+動詞原形;表示臨時做出的決定用will+動詞原形。

  —The light is still on.——燈還亮著。

  —Sorry,I'll go and turn it off.

  ——很抱歉,我這就去關掉。

  (2)be going to表示按計劃、打算要做某事,此外,還可以表示根據現在的跡象對未來做出判斷。

  We are going to buy a new car.

  我們打算買輛新車。

  (3)be about to do表示即將發生的將來動作,不與時間狀語連用。

  I was about to leave when it began to rain.

  我正要動身,這時天開始下雨了。

  [名師點津] be to do表示按計劃、安排即將發生的動作,還可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、職責、可能性等。

  You are to report it to the police.你應該報警。

  4.過去將來時

  表示從過去的觀點看將來發生的行為或存在的狀態,常用在賓語從句或間接引語中。

  Last week he promised that he would be back,but he hasn't arrived until now.

  上周他答應要回來,但是到現在還未到。

  5.現在進行時

  (1)表示說話時正在進行或現階段正在進行的動作。

  We are making model planes these days.

  這些天我們在做飛機模型。

  (2)表示說話人對主語的行為表贊嘆或厭惡等,常與always,constantly,continually等副詞連用。

  He is always making the same mistake.

  他老是犯同樣的錯誤。

  [名師點津] 表示按計劃或安排即將發生的動作,常限于go,come,leave,start,arrive,take,meet等表示趨向的動詞。此類動詞多為短暫性動詞。

  He is leaving for Beijing to attend an important meeting tomorrow.

  明天他要去北京參加一個重要會議。

  6.過去進行時

  (1)表示過去某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作。

  We were discussing the plan at this time yesterday.

  昨天這個時間我們正在討論這個計劃。

  (2)某一動作發生時另一動作正在進行,其中一個動作一般存在于由when或while引導的時間狀語從句中,持續性動作用過去進行時,短暫性動作用一般過去時。

  He fell asleep when he was reading a book.

  他看書時睡著了。

  7.現在完成時

  (1)表示發生在過去的動作或存在的狀態到說話時已經完成或結束。

  The prices have gone down,but I wonder whether they will remain so.

  價格已降下來了,但我不知道是否會繼續這樣。

  (2)在時間或條件狀語從句中,現在完成時可代替將來。

  I won't believe it until I have seen it with my own eyes.

  直到我親眼見到才相信。

  [名師點津] This/It is the first/second...time+ that從句,that從句一般用現在完成時。

  This is the first time that I have been here.

  這是我第一次來這里。

  8.過去完成時

  (1)表示某一動作或存在的狀態發生在過去某一時間或某一動作之前,即“過去的過去”。

  By the end of last month,we had finished all the work.

  截止到上月底,我們已經完成了所有的工作。

  (2)表示過去本打算實現而未實現的希望或計劃,常見的有had hoped/wanted/expected/meant/intended等。

  I had hoped to send him a Christmas card,but I forgot to do so.

  我本來想送他一張圣誕節賀卡,但把這事給忘了。

  (3)在hardly...when...,no sooner...than ...句式中hardly,no sooner所在句子用過去完成時,when和than所在的句子用一般過去時,表示“一……就……”。

  No sooner had he rushed out than the house fell

  down.

  他剛沖出去房子就塌了。

  考點二

  易混時態辨析

  1.一般現在時與現在進行時

  (1)一般現在時表示經常性、習慣性或不以時間的變化而發生改變的動作。

  (2)現在進行時表示現在正在進行的動作,或現階段一直進行的動作。

  Teenagers are damaging their health because they play computer games too much.青少年正在損害自己的健康,因為他們玩的電腦游戲太多了。

  2.一般過去時與過去進行時

  (1)一般過去時表示動作的完成,即動作發生過且已結束,著眼于結果。

  (2)過去進行時表示動作的未完成性、持續性、著眼于過程。

  If it had been fine yesterday,we could have watched that air show.But it rained all day.

  如果昨天天氣好的話,我們就能看到那場飛行表演了,但是下了一整天雨。(暗示動作已經完成)

  —Can you give me a hint where I should take up the story Gifts of the Magi?

  ——你能提示我一下從哪里開始講述《瑪吉的禮物》嗎?

  —Sorry,my mind was wandering.

  ——對不起,我剛才走神了。(暗示動作未完成)

  3.一般過去時與現在完成時

  (1)一般過去時所表示的動作時間是具體確定的,與其他時間沒有牽連。

  (2)現在完成時表示的動作與現在有關系,對現在造成影響。

  I came to Beijing last year and have been here ever since.我去年來到北京,然后一直住在這里。

  4.一般過去時與過去完成時

  (1)一般過去時側重發生在過去的客觀事實。

  (2)過去完成時強調動作發生在“過去的過去”,所以一定有一個表示過去的參照點。

  Though I had been warned not to buy more new clothes,I did buy that fancy dress at length.

  盡管我被提醒不要買太多新衣服,但我最后終于買了那件漂亮的裙子。

  5.一般將來時與將來進行時

  (1)一般將來時表示即將發生的動作或存在的狀態。

  (2)將來進行時強調將來某一時刻或某一段時間內正在進行的動作。

  The challenger says that he will do his best.

  挑戰者說他要竭盡全力。

  I will be watching the sunrise at the top of the mountain this time tomorrow.

  明天這個時候,我就會在山頂上看日出了。

  [名師點津] 現在完成時與現在完成進行時的區別:

  (1)現在完成時強調過去某一動作對現在產生的結果或影響。

  (2)現在完成進行時強調的是在一段時期內某些活動的持續性,強調的是動作本身。

  —That is the third time that he has won the award in this field.——這是他第三次在這個領域獲獎。

  —Yes.He has been exploring his maximum potential in the past decade.——是的。在過去的十年里,他一直在發揮著自己的最大潛能。

  考點三

  被動語態

  1.英語中動詞有兩種語態:主動語態和被動語態。主動語態表示主語是動作的執行者,被動語態表示主語是動作的承受者。

  被動語態的構成(以write為例)

  時間 一般時態 進行時態 完成時態

  現在 am/is/are written am/is/are being written has/have been written

  過去 was/werewritten was/were being written had been

  written

  將來 shall/will be written

  [名師點津] 做有關被動語態的題目可以分兩步走:第一步確定正確的時態,第二步確定正確的語態。判斷用主動語態還是用被動語態的根據是看主語與謂語動詞之間的關系:如果是主謂關系則用主動語態,如果是動賓關系則用被動語態。

  2.被動語態的特殊形式:get/become done,此結構比較口語化。

  His car got damaged in a road accident.

  他的車在一次交通事故中被毀了。

  3.主動結構表示被動含義

  (1)表示狀態、特征的系動詞如look,sound,smell,taste,feel,prove等。

  The flowers smell sweet.

  花兒散發著芳香。

  (2)表示主語某種屬性、特征的動詞如read,sell,write,wash,wear等。

  This kind of jacket sells well.這種夾克很暢銷。

  (3)表示開始、結束、運動的動詞如begin,start,finish,stop,open,close等。

  The shop closes at 6 pm every day.

  商店每天下午6點關門。

  [名師點津] 被動結構表示主動含義,常見的有be married,be seated,be dressed in,be devoted to,be lost in,be addicted to等。

  The boy was lost in thought.

  這個男孩正在深思。

  [本節小結]

  動詞的時態和語態在歷年的高考中均占有相當大的比例,而且難度也在逐年加大。近幾年高考考查趨向于少用外顯的時間狀語,而是轉向一些隱蔽的時間暗示,即在具體的語境中考查時態和語態的用法。預計在未來的高考中,結合具體語境的時態、語態及詞類的題目仍是考查的重點。

  針對訓練

 ?、?完成句子

  1.(2024·安徽高考)The twins,who ________ (finish)their homework,were allowed to play badminton on the playground.

  【答案】 had finished

  2.(2024·北京高考)—Hi,let's go skating.

  —Sorry,I'm busy right now.I ________ (fill)in an application form for a new job.

  【答案】 am filling

  3.(2024·北京高考) I found the lecture hard to follow because it ________ (start)when I arrived.

  【答案】 had started

  4.(2024·大綱全國卷)Unless some extra money ________(find),the theatre will close.

  【答案】 is found

  5.(2024·大綱全國卷)The reports went missing in 2024 and nobody ________(see) them since.

  【答案】 has seen

  6.(2024·福建高考)—Haven't seen you for ages! Where have you been?

  —I went to Ningxia and________(stay) there for one year,teaching as a volunteer.

  【答案】 stayed

  7.(2024·湖南高考)Since the time humankind started gardening,we ________(try) to make our environment more beautiful.

  【答案】 have been trying

  8.(2024·天津高考)We won't start the work until all the preparations ________.

  【答案】 have been made

  9.(2024·江蘇高考)—How much do you know about the Youth Olympic Games to be held in Nanjing?

  —Well,the media

  ________

  (cover)it in a variety of forms.

  【答案】 have covered

  10.(2024·江西高考)—Tony,why are your eyes red?

  — I ________ (cut)up peppers for the last five minutes.

  【答案】 have been cutting

 ?、?語篇填空

  用所給提示詞的適當形式填空,使短文合理,連貫

  It was getting dark when I 1.________ (get) home.It was cold and I 2.________ (wear) a coat.I walked up to the door and put my hand into my pocket to take out the key,but I couldn't

  find it.I suddenly remembered that I 3.________ (leave) it on my desk in the office.It really didn't make any difference.I knew my wife 4.________ (be) at home and the children must have come back from school by now, so I 5.________ (knock) at the door.

  There was no answer.I 6.________ (continue) knocking

  at the door for some time.I 7.________ (get) angry.Then I remembered something the office boy 8.________ (tell) me at noon.He said that my wife 9.________ (phone) saying that she 10.________ (go) shopping in the afternoon with the children.It seemed that nothing 11.________ (can do) and I 12.________ (shut) out of my house.

  【答案】 1.got 2.was wearing 3.had left 4.was 5.knocked 6.continued 7.was getting 8.had told 9.had phoned 10.would go 11.could be done 12.would be shut

  綜合演練

  語法填空

  根據提示詞用適當的時態和語態填空(不多于3個單詞)使短文合理,連貫

  Welcome to our school.I'd like to introduce you plans for our school.We 1.________(do) a lot of work in the past few years.The library has been completed and 2.________(be) ready for use.But we still have to do more work.We 3.________(build) a new biology lab this year.But we 4.________(not have) enough money for the equipment.

  Students in all grades 5.________(collect) money.The money which is being collected will 6.________(spend) on new equipment.At present,we 7.________(make) a plan for a party at the end of the term,at which our students 8.________(give)wonderful performances.

  The gardens of the school are being improved this year.New trees are being planted which 9.________(give) shade soon in summer.The whole school are being painted during the summer holidays.In fact,our school 10.________(become) more and more beautiful.

  【答案】 1.have done 2.is 3.will build 4.don't have 5.are collecting 6.be spent 7.are making 8.will give 9.will give 10.is becoming

主站蜘蛛池模板: 黄色成人在线 | 一级毛片免费看 | 色九区 | 国产一区二区在线免费观看 | 超碰一区二区 | 国产精品久久久久久久福利院 | 久久精品国产99 | 自拍偷拍五月天 | a级在线免费观看 | 国产精品久久久久久中文字 | 午夜影视| 国产久| 自拍小电影| 奇米一区二区三区 | 国产在线在线 | 在线成年人电影 | 久久久久久亚洲 | 综合色网站 | 中文字幕av亚洲精品一部二部 | 中文字幕亚洲区 | 久久久国色 | 成人免费黄色毛片 | 依人成人网 | 亚洲婷婷一区二区三区 | 吴梦梦到粉丝家实战华中在线观看 | 日本一区二区三区在线视频 | 久久h | 亚洲精品一区二区三区在线 | 中文字幕高清在线 | 日韩成人免费中文字幕 | 国产中文 | 日韩精品免费观看 | 日韩免费在线视频 | 国产一区中文字幕 | 伊人精品视频在线观看 | 日本不卡一区二区三区在线观看 | 免费观看日韩一级片 | 成人在线视频免费观看 | 一本a道v久大 | 久久久久成人精品免费播放动漫 | 免费的av网站 |