Unit 5　The power of nature

　　【熱點(diǎn)話題】(個(gè)人情況)達(dá)爾文體裁：記敘文寫作思路：出生年月——主要事跡——光輝成就【美文誦讀】ught_his_interest_③. In 1828，Charles_entered_the_University_of_Cambridge_after_he_gave_up_studying_medicine_at_the_University_of_Edinburgh④.He joined a 5-year voyage，which began on December 27，1831，travelling around the world to do scientific research.In_1859，he_published_his_book_On_the_Origin_of_Species_which_made_him_famous_all_over_the_world.⑤【學(xué)海拾貝】按要求完成或翻譯下列句子。將①改為由過去分詞作狀語的簡(jiǎn)單句。小時(shí)候張華喜歡讀小說。(enjoy)

　　As_a_boy，Zhang Hua enjoyed_reading novels.

　　3．學(xué)校的一切都引起他極大的興趣。(catch)用“介詞＋動(dòng)名詞”將④改為簡(jiǎn)單句。將⑤改為含分詞作狀語的簡(jiǎn)單句。In 1859，he published his book On the Origin of Species，making_him_famous all over the world.

　　Ⅰ.按要求寫出下列單詞冒險(xiǎn)奇遇 ．a(chǎn)dventure 波浪；波動(dòng) ．絕對(duì)的完全的 潛在性；可能的 ．汗；出汗 ．實(shí)在的實(shí)際的颶風(fēng)8．圖表示意圖樣品樣本候選人任命委派預(yù)約職務(wù)約會(huì)洗澡游泳 沐浴洗澡 bath

　　浴室驚慌恐慌 ．驚慌恐慌(過去分詞) panicked失去知覺的；未覺察的 有意識(shí)的自覺的自覺地有意識(shí)地onsciously

　　意識(shí)知覺裝備裝備

　　用所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。anic．(panic)(anxious)

　　3．After he returned home，he went into the bathroom and took a bath．(bathe)

　　4．Do you want to evaluate your intelligence? Just complete the evaluation form below，please.(evaluate)

　　5．Tom was badly hurt and still unconscious after the accident，but his wife was conscious and was smiling to us consciously．(conscious)翻譯下列短語與……比較compare...with全部焚毀burn_to_the_ground前往make_one's_way努力make_an_effort匆匆看一遍瀏覽glance_through由……到……不等vary_from...to完全透明的crystal_clear各種各樣a_variety_of/varieties_of對(duì)……感到驚異be_amazed_at被任命擔(dān)任be_appointed_as

　　選用上述短語完成下列短文。(1) was_appointed_as headmaster of No.One Middle School two years ago.When I got to the school for the first time, I (2) was_amazed_at its beautiful surroundings.There was a botanical garden with (3) varieties_of plants in it.I (4) glanced_through the garden，realizing the former headmaster had (5) made_an_effort to make the school so beautiful and that I must try my best to make it more beautiful than ever.

　　Ⅲ.重點(diǎn)句型I was about to go back to sleep when suddenly my bedroom became as bright as day.(p.34)

　　我剛要回去再睡突然我的臥室亮如白晝。

　　was/were about to do...when...正要做……這時(shí)(突然)……小偷正要逃跑這時(shí)一名警察出現(xiàn)了。[模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)他正要拿出鎖匙時(shí)門開了。(2)我們正要開會(huì)時(shí)天突然下起了雨。The other two climbed down into the crater to collect some lava for later study，but this being my first experience，I stayed at the top and watched them.(p.35)

　　另外兩個(gè)人攀下火山口去收集日后研究用的巖漿我是第一次經(jīng)歷這樣的事所以留在山頂上觀察他們。

　　“主語＋being＋這是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)其作用相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語從句常表示原因、時(shí)間等。＝Because my mother was ill因?yàn)閶寢尣×宋冶仨氃诩艺疹櫵模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)開完會(huì)后我們都回家了。(2)她干完了活坐下來喝茶。It is said that this boy，who had a great gift for languages and persuasion，is the father of the Manchu people.(p.39)

　　據(jù)說這個(gè)男孩就是滿族人的祖先具有語言天賦和很強(qiáng)的說服力。

　　It is said that...“據(jù)說”是形式主語它所表示的是后面由that引導(dǎo)的主語從句。類似的結(jié)構(gòu)還有：據(jù)報(bào)道人們希望 人們以為人們相信人們期待/料想 boss has a big decision to make soon.

　　據(jù)說我們老板很快要作出一項(xiàng)重大決定。 [模仿造句]用上述句型完成下列句子。(1)這樣人們希望因紐特人的生活方式保存更多的世紀(jì)。(2)據(jù)報(bào)道國(guó)慶節(jié)的第一天將有200萬人乘地鐵。

　　用上述句型翻譯一切都準(zhǔn)備好了我感到非常輕松。就在我準(zhǔn)備回家時(shí)電話響了我被告知奶奶受傷了。我匆忙趕往醫(yī)院去看奶奶。她說：“與司機(jī)相比我算是幸運(yùn)的了。我只是受了輕傷據(jù)說這起車禍?zhǔn)谷藛噬亍！盻driver，I'm_quite_lucky_as_I_was_only_slightly

　　_injured.It_is_said_that_the_traffic_accident_has_caused_three_deaths.”

　　修飾關(guān)聯(lián)：指詞語之間修飾或限制的關(guān)系即語言的得體性與習(xí)慣性。如：修飾worth只能用well不能用very；修飾population用large或small而不用many或little。因果關(guān)聯(lián)：指英語的語義表達(dá)中存在的因果關(guān)系如：Tony is gambling with his health.He has been smoking for too long.中的“smoking for too long”是“gambling with his health”的原因。【例】 I attended a school prize-giving________not so long ago and the guest speaker was Mr.White.B．meeting解析：修飾關(guān)聯(lián)。prize-giving后面接ceremony意為“頒獎(jiǎng)儀式”。答案：C【例】 These tell a story of a mother whose baby grows sick and pale and has changed so much that it is almost________to the parents.解析：“has changed so much”與 unrecognizable構(gòu)成因果關(guān)聯(lián)。答案：C

　　運(yùn)用所學(xué)的解題技巧完成下列微型完形填空題。(一)__1__.You are the one who must figure out what success is to you.Is the destination you have in mind worth the__2__you must take? Only you can answer that.

　　1．A.mean　B．matter解析：修飾關(guān)聯(lián)。matter意為“重要關(guān)系重大”。答案：B解析：語義關(guān)聯(lián)。path表示“路徑道路”。答案：D(二)　1　the knowledge needed for their chosen professionsts encourage students to read widely to __2__their understanding in many fields of study.

　　1．A.acquire

　　B．a(chǎn)ccept

　　C．earn

　　D．increase

　　解析：修飾關(guān)聯(lián)。acquire the knowledge表示“獲取知識(shí)”。答案：A

　　B．deepen解析：deepen one's understanding意為“加深理解”。答案：B(三)lion tons of __1__produced in the US in 2010.The most effective way to reduce waste is not to create it in the first place.By reducing and reusing, consumers and industry can 　2　natural resources and reduce waste management costs..resource

　　B．material解析：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。上文有waste。答案：C解析：因果關(guān)聯(lián)。上文的reducing、reusing與save natural resources為因果關(guān)系。答案：B(四)sing a passport can cause the calmest people to get nervous, especially if it happens while you're abroad.This is understandable because losing a __1__can be serious－it is not too different from losing your identity.However, __2__， I suggest you calm down first.The sooner you recover from that panic attack，the more chances you have to get it back.

　　1．A.identity

　　B．chance

　　C．passport

　　D．report

　　解析：原詞復(fù)現(xiàn)。上文有passport。答案：Cying

　　B．reporting解析：因果關(guān)聯(lián)。“it is no use worrying”與“I suggest you calm down first”為因果關(guān)系。答案：A

　　第一節(jié)　閱讀理解

　　閱讀下面的短文從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。A

　　Choose Your One-Day Tours!

　　(2024·課標(biāo)全國(guó)Ⅱ卷)Tour A—Bath & Stonehenge including entrance fees to the ancient Roman bathrooms and Stonehenge—￡37 until 26 March and ￡39 thereafter.Tour B—Oxford & Stratford including entrance fees to the University St Mary's Church Tower and Anne Hathaway's house—￡32 until 12 March and ￡36 thereafter.Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.Look over the “city of dreaming spires (尖頂)” from St Mary's Church Tower.Stratford：Includes a guided tour exploring much of the Shakespeare wonder.Tour C—Windsor Castle & Hampton Court including entrance fees to Hampton Court Palace—￡34 until 11 March and ￡37 thereafter.ndsor Castle (entrance fees not included)．With 500 years of historyns，which include the famous maze (迷宮) where it is easy to get lost!Tour D—Cambridge including entrance fees to the Tower of Saint Mary the Great—￡33 until 18 March and ￡37 thereafter.versity town，and the gardens of the 18th century.

　　1．Which tour will you choose if you want to see England's oldest university city?

　　A．Tour A．　B．Tour B.

　　C．Tour C.

　　D.Tour D.

　　2．Which of the following tours charges the lowest fee on 17 March?

　　A．Windsor Castle & Hampton Court.

　　B．Oxford & Stratford.

　　C．Bath & Stonehenge.

　　D．Cambridge.

　　3．Why is Hampton Court a major tourist attraction?

　　A．It used to be the home of royal families.

　　B．It used to be a well-known maze.

　　C．It is the oldest palace in Britain.

　　D．It is a world-famous castle.

　　語篇解讀：本文主要介紹了幾則“一日游”的廣告。解析：事Tour B中“Oxford：Includes a guided tour of England's oldest university city and colleges.”可知。答案：B解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)廣告中提到的收費(fèi)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)可知選D。答案：D解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)Tour C中的“Hampton Court was once the home of four Kings and one Queen.”可知答案為A。答案：AB

　　(2024·福建卷)Papalistened to the town elders and learned about the world beyond his tiny hometown.“There's so much to learn，”he'd say.“Though we're born stupid，only the stupid remain that way.”He was determined that none of his children would be denied(拒絕)an education.s，Papa insisted that we learn at least one new thing each day.Though，as children，we thought this was crazy，it would never have occurred to us to deny Papa a request.And dinner time seemed perfect for sharing what we had learned.We would talk about the news of the day；no matter how insignificantd push back his chair and pour a glass of red wine，ready to listen.

　　“Felice，” he'd say，“tell me what you learned today.”

　　“I learned that the population of Nepal is....”

　　Silence.

　　Papa was thinking about what was said，as if the salvation(拯救) of the world would depend upon it.“The population of Nepal.Hmm.Well....”he'd say.“Get the map；let's see where Nepal is.”And the whole family went on a search for Nepal.clear understanding of at least half a dozen such facts.

　　As children，we thought very little about these educational wonders.Our family，however，was growing together，sharing experiences and participating in one another's education.And by looking at us，listening to us，respecting our input，affirming(肯定) our value(傳授) what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning.His technique has served me well all my life.Not a single day has been wastedthough I can never tell when knowing the population of Nepal might prove useful.

　　4．What do we know from the first paragraph?

　　A．The author's father was born in a worker's family.

　　B．Those born stupid could not change their life.

　　C．The town elders wanted to learn about the world.

　　D．The poor could hardly afford school education.

　　5．The underlined word“it”in the second paragraph refers to “________”．________．

　　A．enjoyed talking about news

　　B．knew very well about Nepal

　　C．felt regret about those wasted days

　　D．a(chǎn)ppreciated his father's educational technique

　　7．What is the greatest value of “dinner time” to the author?

　　A．Continual learning.

　　B．Showing talents.

　　C．Family get-together.

　　D．Winning Papa's approval.

　　8．The author's father can be best described as________．

　　A．a(chǎn)n educator expert at training future teachers

　　B．a(chǎn) parent insistent on his children's education

　　C．a(chǎn) participant willing to share his knowledge

　　D．a(chǎn) teacher strict about everything his students did

　　語篇解讀：本文為記敘文題材為學(xué)習(xí)教育類。文章記敘了在父親的引領(lǐng)下我們這些窮孩子不斷學(xué)習(xí)、日有所獲。全家人相互學(xué)習(xí)共同進(jìn)步。解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由首段首句可知選D項(xiàng)。答案：D解析：猜測(cè)詞義題。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句中“We would talk about the news of the day”可知it指代的是the news故選C項(xiàng)。答案：C解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。由尾段第二句“They were imparting(傳授)what Papa had known all along—the value of continual learning.”可知答案為D項(xiàng)。答案：D解析：推理判斷題。由第二段第三句至倒數(shù)第三段的內(nèi)容以及尾段第二句可推斷出答案為A項(xiàng)。答案：A解析：推理判斷題。由本文內(nèi)容可推斷出父親是一個(gè)堅(jiān)持教育自己孩子的家長(zhǎng)故選B項(xiàng)。答案：B第二節(jié)　完形填空閱讀下面的短文掌握其大意然后從1～20題所給出A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。e____1____， honey？”she asked as she sat down beside him.“Is there some problem I can help with？”____2____. He didn't really want to tell his mom what was ____3____ him.“Something happened at the park，”he stammered (結(jié)巴地說出)

　　____4____．“I... I lied to Aaron, ____5____ me.He knows I ____6____．”？”Mom asked gently.____7____，but I don't think he will forgive me.”

　　“Are you really sorry？”asked Mom.____8____．Mom ____9____ for a minute.“Honey, ____10____ Dad and I used to give you？”she asked.“The ones you called horsey rides？” Christopher nodded____11____ why Mom brought that up.“You thought it was so much fun until you fell ____12____the ‘horse' one day and hit your head on a chair，”said Mom.“After that it took you a long time to trust

　　____13____enough to try it again.”

　　“But I finally did！”Christopher said ____14____．He thought he knew what his mother was getting at(暗示)．____15____ Aaron will trust you again, too.”said Mom.“When you lie to someone，it takes ____16____for that person to really believe you again”Mom smiled.“There will also be bad ____17____of what you've done—like a friend who won't speak to you for a while and Aaron needs time to ____18____what happened.Therefore，be a ____19____friend and help him trust you again.Can you do that？”____20____friend.”

　　1．A.challenge　B．matterdemanded

　　C．a(chǎn)greed

　　D．hesitated

　　3．A.bothering

　　B．hurting

　　C．destroying

　　D．surprising

　　4．A.finally

　　B．suddenly

　　C．immediately

　　D．gradually

　　5．A.reply to

　　B．write to

　　C．talk to

　　D．a(chǎn)ttend to

　　6．A.stammered

　　B．lied

　　C．talked

　　D．cried

　　7．A.fine

　　B．sorry

　　C．unhappy

　　D．disappointed

　　8．A.excitedly

　　B．hopefully

　　C．cheerfully

　　D．sadly

　　9．A.thought

　　B．looked

　　C．stayed

　　D．tried

　　10．A.lessons

　　B．toys

　　C．rides

　　D．horses

　　11．A.saying

　　B．doubting

　　C．remembering

　　D．wondering

　　12．A.on

　　B．a(chǎn)t

　　C．off

　　D．to

　　13．A.you

　　B．them

　　C．us

　　D．it

　　14．A.eagerly

　　B．sadly

　　C．slowly

　　D．hopelessly

　　15．A.pleased

　　B．sure

　　C．lucky

　　D．satisfied

　　16．A.money

　　B．courage