2024屆高考英語一輪復習課件:第11講 解讀圖表信息,穩固構建圖表作文 寫作素能培養(外研版)
路漫漫其修遠兮 吾將上下而求索 走向高考 · 英語 外研版 · 高考總復習 寫作素能培養 第三部分 第十一講 解讀圖表信息,穩固構建圖表作文 第三部分
圖表作文是高考書面表達較常見的考查形式之一,要求考生通過對數據、文字內容進行分析,對前后變化、正反觀點進行對比,或者對某產品進行介紹,系統而準確地表達出圖表所示內容,并得出令人信服的結論。從體裁看,主要有說明文、議論文和應用文。在該文體中常常使用一般現在時。 一、試題特征 1.表格式 表格式書面表達就是將統計數據或被說明的事物直接以統計表的形式呈現出來。這類題目往往是介紹某種情況或辯論某種觀點與看法,體裁以說明文和議論文為主。 2.圖形式 主要有以下三種形式: (1)表示數據變化的曲線圖。 (2)表示數據大小或數量之間差異的柱狀圖。 (3)表示總體結構變化的餅狀圖。
二、寫作步驟(三段論) 1.開門見山,點明圖表要反映的主題。 2.中間段落對圖表的內容進行分析,可采用分類或對比來表現主題,并闡明必要的理由。在敘述中切忌反復使用同一句型,忌反復出現圖表中的數據。 3.發表自己的觀點,對全文進行小結。 三、注意事項 1.認真閱讀和掌握圖表提供的信息,弄清設計者想通過圖表來反映的信息、問題或現象。對于曲線圖形式,要認真觀察坐標系所顯示的數據信息,并密切注意交匯在坐標橫軸和縱軸上的數字及單位;對柱狀圖和餅狀圖,要通過寬度相等的柱形的高度差別和各部分所占比例來判斷事物的動態發展趨勢,關注坐標線的刻度單位及圖表旁邊的提示說明。 2.在掌握了全部信息的基礎上,著手分析這些信息或數據,通過分析對比,找出不同點和相似點。
四、常用句式 1.描述圖表中的變化與發展趨勢 快速上升:rise(increase/go up)sharply(rapidly/ quickly/ dramatically) 緩慢下降:decrease(reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall) slowly(gradually) 2.闡述事實的句式 ①As is apparently shown in the pie chart/graph/table above... 正如上面餅狀圖/曲線圖/表格所明顯呈現的…… ②As far as...is concerned,much progress has been made. 就……而言,已經取得了很大進步。 ③There is an increase of about...percent,compared with... 與……相比較,大約增加了……。 ④50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with...,while only 40% of them are satisfied with... 在調查中有50%的人對……滿意,而僅有40%的人對……滿意。
?、軧y comparison with...,it decreased(fell)/increased from...to... 和……相比,從……減少/增加到……。 ⑥It is obvious from the graph/chart that...rank the first /highest,while...turn out to be the lowest. 圖中清楚顯示……是排在第一位/最高的,而……結果最低。 3.表達原因的句式 ①The reason why/for...is that... ……的原因是……。 ②One may think of the change as a result of... 人們可能把這種變化認作是……的結果。 ③The change in...largely results from the fact that...
在……上的變化很大程度上是由……的事實造成的。
④First/Firstly/To begin with...;Second/Secondly/And then/Next...;Finally/Last but not least/Apart from the above reasons... 首先……;其次……;最后/最后但同樣重要的是/除了上述原因……。 ⑤It is because of...that... 由于……才……。 4.歸納總結或發表評論的句式 ①in a
word(總之)/in short(簡而言之)/generally speaking(總的說來)/to sum up(總之,概括地說)/in conclusion總之,最后/in summary總之 ②From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that... 從以上的討論我們可以得出結論,……。 ③Obviously/Apparently,if we want to...,it is necessary to do/that... 很明顯,如果我們想……,……是有必要的。
?、躎here is no doubt that attention must be paid to... 毫無疑問,我們必須注意……。 ⑤I suggest the government take effective measures to... 我建議政府應該采取有效措施來……。 ⑥All in all,it is...that leads to the phenomenon. 總而言之,是……導致了這種現象。 【典例】 1995年聯合國教科文組織宣布每年的4月23日為“世界讀書日”。在今年的世界讀書日來臨之際,某中學的研究性學習小組分別對高一、高二和高三學生每周課外閱讀所花費的時間情況進行了調查,下面的圖表顯示了他們的調查結果。 根據上圖信息,請以“Senior High School Students' Outside Reading”為題目,用英語寫一篇短文,內容包括: 1.簡要描述圖中信息; 2.分析產生這種結果的原因(如沒有認識到閱讀的重要性、課外作業多……); 3.談談你的看法。 注意:詞數100~120,文章的題目和開頭已經給出(不計入總詞數)。 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart,________________________
解析:本文屬于圖表作文,考生的寫作任務是首先陳述圖表顯示的對高中學生的課外閱讀現狀調查的結果,其次分析出現這種情況的原因,最后發表個人的看法。 根據表達的需要,文章應用一般現在時,分為三個段落:第一段陳述調查的結果,第二段分析原因,第三段表達個人的看法。
優美范文 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart, senior high school students spend less time on out-of-class reading as their grade rises.
On average, students in Senior One spend seven hours on reading per week and those in Senior Two four hours, with Senior Three students spending only two hours on reading. There are several reasons for this. First, most students don't attach enough importance to outside reading. As a consequence, their spare time is often taken up by other activities.
Second, with their grade becoming higher, they have more homework to do, leaving less spare time for reading.
In my opinion, it is very important for students to do more reading to broaden their horizons.
Meanwhile, teachers should encourage their students' out-of-class reading by offering them a list of good books.
2.Some riders of e-bikes and bicycles come and go in all directions,ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles. Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.Thus the avoidable road accidents become unavoidable.
3.From
2005 to 2024,the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million.Currently,China had 15% of the world's total vehicles. 【寫作內容】 1.用約30個單詞概述上述信息的主要內容; 2.結合上述信息,簡要分析導致交通問題的主要原因; 3.根據你的分析,從社會規范(rules and regulations)和個人行為兩方面談談你得到的啟示(不少于兩點)。 【寫作要求】 1.寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句; 2.作文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱; 3.不必寫標題。 【評分標準】 內容完整,語言規范,語篇連貫,詞數適當。 ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
參考答案: The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples. Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. What' s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone don't secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybody's duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.
解析:今年江蘇高考英語采用了“材料類+圖形+提綱類”形式,綜合考查考生閱讀材料,識圖和寫作能力,較往年有所創新,也增加了難度。材料分為三部分:第一部分講述了一位老奶奶阻止車輛停放引發的爭議。第二部分講述了行人和自行車不遵守紅綠燈,導致交通事故發生的現象。第三部分是圖表和文字,反映近幾年車輛的數量激增現象。要求第一段用30個單詞概括材料內容;第二段分析導致交通問題的原因;第三段從社會規則和個人行為談談啟示(不少于兩點)。 點評:范文嚴格按照“三步走”的格局,第一段用短短26字(不含標點)概括了所給材料,得益于使用了“not only...but also...”這一經典句型;第二段分析了導致交通問題的原因,使用了“give rise to, large-scale construction of, the increasing number of, (be) vital to”等高級詞匯,同時“what's worse”銜接詞的恰當使用使該段條理清晰。第三段句型多樣,變換使用了“Without虛擬語氣,It is...who...強調句型,It is one's duty to do sth.”等句型,為文章增色不少。
路漫漫其修遠兮 吾將上下而求索 走向高考 · 英語 外研版 · 高考總復習 寫作素能培養 第三部分 第十一講 解讀圖表信息,穩固構建圖表作文 第三部分
圖表作文是高考書面表達較常見的考查形式之一,要求考生通過對數據、文字內容進行分析,對前后變化、正反觀點進行對比,或者對某產品進行介紹,系統而準確地表達出圖表所示內容,并得出令人信服的結論。從體裁看,主要有說明文、議論文和應用文。在該文體中常常使用一般現在時。 一、試題特征 1.表格式 表格式書面表達就是將統計數據或被說明的事物直接以統計表的形式呈現出來。這類題目往往是介紹某種情況或辯論某種觀點與看法,體裁以說明文和議論文為主。 2.圖形式 主要有以下三種形式: (1)表示數據變化的曲線圖。 (2)表示數據大小或數量之間差異的柱狀圖。 (3)表示總體結構變化的餅狀圖。
二、寫作步驟(三段論) 1.開門見山,點明圖表要反映的主題。 2.中間段落對圖表的內容進行分析,可采用分類或對比來表現主題,并闡明必要的理由。在敘述中切忌反復使用同一句型,忌反復出現圖表中的數據。 3.發表自己的觀點,對全文進行小結。 三、注意事項 1.認真閱讀和掌握圖表提供的信息,弄清設計者想通過圖表來反映的信息、問題或現象。對于曲線圖形式,要認真觀察坐標系所顯示的數據信息,并密切注意交匯在坐標橫軸和縱軸上的數字及單位;對柱狀圖和餅狀圖,要通過寬度相等的柱形的高度差別和各部分所占比例來判斷事物的動態發展趨勢,關注坐標線的刻度單位及圖表旁邊的提示說明。 2.在掌握了全部信息的基礎上,著手分析這些信息或數據,通過分析對比,找出不同點和相似點。
四、常用句式 1.描述圖表中的變化與發展趨勢 快速上升:rise(increase/go up)sharply(rapidly/ quickly/ dramatically) 緩慢下降:decrease(reduce/come down/decline/drop/fall) slowly(gradually) 2.闡述事實的句式 ①As is apparently shown in the pie chart/graph/table above... 正如上面餅狀圖/曲線圖/表格所明顯呈現的…… ②As far as...is concerned,much progress has been made. 就……而言,已經取得了很大進步。 ③There is an increase of about...percent,compared with... 與……相比較,大約增加了……。 ④50% of the people surveyed express the satisfaction with...,while only 40% of them are satisfied with... 在調查中有50%的人對……滿意,而僅有40%的人對……滿意。
⑤By comparison with...,it decreased(fell)/increased from...to... 和……相比,從……減少/增加到……。 ⑥It is obvious from the graph/chart that...rank the first /highest,while...turn out to be the lowest. 圖中清楚顯示……是排在第一位/最高的,而……結果最低。 3.表達原因的句式 ①The reason why/for...is that... ……的原因是……。 ②One may think of the change as a result of... 人們可能把這種變化認作是……的結果。 ③The change in...largely results from the fact that...
在……上的變化很大程度上是由……的事實造成的。
?、蹻irst/Firstly/To begin with...;Second/Secondly/And then/Next...;Finally/Last but not least/Apart from the above reasons... 首先……;其次……;最后/最后但同樣重要的是/除了上述原因……。 ⑤It is because of...that... 由于……才……。 4.歸納總結或發表評論的句式 ①in a
word(總之)/in short(簡而言之)/generally speaking(總的說來)/to sum up(總之,概括地說)/in conclusion總之,最后/in summary總之 ②From what has been discussed above,we can draw the conclusion that... 從以上的討論我們可以得出結論,……。 ③Obviously/Apparently,if we want to...,it is necessary to do/that... 很明顯,如果我們想……,……是有必要的。
?、躎here is no doubt that attention must be paid to... 毫無疑問,我們必須注意……。 ⑤I suggest the government take effective measures to... 我建議政府應該采取有效措施來……。 ⑥All in all,it is...that leads to the phenomenon. 總而言之,是……導致了這種現象。 【典例】 1995年聯合國教科文組織宣布每年的4月23日為“世界讀書日”。在今年的世界讀書日來臨之際,某中學的研究性學習小組分別對高一、高二和高三學生每周課外閱讀所花費的時間情況進行了調查,下面的圖表顯示了他們的調查結果。 根據上圖信息,請以“Senior High School Students' Outside Reading”為題目,用英語寫一篇短文,內容包括: 1.簡要描述圖中信息; 2.分析產生這種結果的原因(如沒有認識到閱讀的重要性、課外作業多……); 3.談談你的看法。 注意:詞數100~120,文章的題目和開頭已經給出(不計入總詞數)。 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart,________________________
解析:本文屬于圖表作文,考生的寫作任務是首先陳述圖表顯示的對高中學生的課外閱讀現狀調查的結果,其次分析出現這種情況的原因,最后發表個人的看法。 根據表達的需要,文章應用一般現在時,分為三個段落:第一段陳述調查的結果,第二段分析原因,第三段表達個人的看法。
優美范文 Senior High School Students' Outside Reading As is shown in the chart, senior high school students spend less time on out-of-class reading as their grade rises.
On average, students in Senior One spend seven hours on reading per week and those in Senior Two four hours, with Senior Three students spending only two hours on reading. There are several reasons for this. First, most students don't attach enough importance to outside reading. As a consequence, their spare time is often taken up by other activities.
Second, with their grade becoming higher, they have more homework to do, leaving less spare time for reading.
In my opinion, it is very important for students to do more reading to broaden their horizons.
Meanwhile, teachers should encourage their students' out-of-class reading by offering them a list of good books.
2.Some riders of e-bikes and bicycles come and go in all directions,ignoring traffic lights and other vehicles. Such rude riding contributes to the disorder of traffic.Thus the avoidable road accidents become unavoidable.
3.From
2005 to 2024,the total number of private cars in China rose sharply from 32 million to 154 million.Currently,China had 15% of the world's total vehicles. 【寫作內容】 1.用約30個單詞概述上述信息的主要內容; 2.結合上述信息,簡要分析導致交通問題的主要原因; 3.根據你的分析,從社會規范(rules and regulations)和個人行為兩方面談談你得到的啟示(不少于兩點)。 【寫作要求】 1.寫作過程中不能直接引用原文語句; 2.作文中不能出現真實姓名和學校名稱; 3.不必寫標題。 【評分標準】 內容完整,語言規范,語篇連貫,詞數適當。 ______________________________________________
______________________________________________
______________________________________________
參考答案: The traffic issue is a hard nut to crack. It not only affects our everyday life, but may also threaten people's lives. The three selections presented above are typical examples. Quite a few things give rise to the traffic problem. In spite of the large-scale construction of roads and highways, there is still much room for improvement, because of the ever increasing number of cars these years. What' s worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules. In fact, traffic rules are part of the rules and regulations closely related to public order. Without them, people could not enjoy harmony or the country would be in chaos. But rules alone don't secure an orderly society. It is the people who obey the rules that matter. It is everybody's duty to observe them to keep our society in order and going on the right track.
解析:今年江蘇高考英語采用了“材料類+圖形+提綱類”形式,綜合考查考生閱讀材料,識圖和寫作能力,較往年有所創新,也增加了難度。材料分為三部分:第一部分講述了一位老奶奶阻止車輛停放引發的爭議。第二部分講述了行人和自行車不遵守紅綠燈,導致交通事故發生的現象。第三部分是圖表和文字,反映近幾年車輛的數量激增現象。要求第一段用30個單詞概括材料內容;第二段分析導致交通問題的原因;第三段從社會規則和個人行為談談啟示(不少于兩點)。 點評:范文嚴格按照“三步走”的格局,第一段用短短26字(不含標點)概括了所給材料,得益于使用了“not only...but also...”這一經典句型;第二段分析了導致交通問題的原因,使用了“give rise to, large-scale construction of, the increasing number of, (be) vital to”等高級詞匯,同時“what's worse”銜接詞的恰當使用使該段條理清晰。第三段句型多樣,變換使用了“Without虛擬語氣,It is...who...強調句型,It is one's duty to do sth.”等句型,為文章增色不少。