2024高考英語二輪復習講義（閱讀理解）及訓練01：旨大意題解題指導（答案）

　　小試牛刀------------------閱讀理解

　　Mother Knows Best?

　　Once while being prepared for a television interview, I was chatting with the host about stay-at-home fathers. I made the point that one reason we’re seeing more stay-at-home dads may be that it’s no longer a given (a known fact) that a man makes more money than his wife. Many families now take earning power into account when deciding which parent will stay home.

　　At that point, one of the male crew members commented, almost to himself but loud enough for my benefits, “It should be the better parent who stays at home”. A lot of guys say things like that.

　　I was a stay-at-home father for eight years, so what he said made me excited.It implied that our family’s choice could only have been correct if I was a “better” parent than my wife.

　　I think men shoot themselves in the foot with this kind of thinking. I suppose an argument could have been made that when I began staying home my wife was the “better” parent: she had spent more time with our son, could read him better and calm him more quickly. And given a choice, he’d have picked her over me. But as she was the more employable one, my wife went out to work and I looked after our son.

　　Know what? I caught up. Because of the increased time I spent with him, I soon knew him well, understood what he needed and could look after him more or less as my wife could.

　　Actually, the experience helped me unlock one of the world’s great secrets: Women are good at looking after the children because they do it. It’s not because of any born female gift or a mother’s instinct－which I think is mostly learned anyway. It’s because they put in the time and attention required to become good at the job.

　　Women obviously get a biological head start from giving birth and nursing, but over the long term experience is more important. When I got the experience myself, I was good, too. As good? I don’t know. Who cares? Children are not made of glass. Other people are capable of looking after them besides Mom.

　　64.Which of the following does the first paragraph imply?

　　A. Men are no longer given the chance to stay at home as they used to.

　　B. In some families the wives are earning more than their husbands.

　　C. The author is telling the readers that he works in the TV station.

　　D. There are more stay-at- home fathers than stay-at-home mothers.

　　65. The author decided to stay at home eight years ago because ______.

　　A. it was easier for his wife to find a job

　　B. he thought he was the better father

　　C. their son liked him a little bit better

　　D. he was earning more than his wife did

　　66. Women are better than men at taking care of children because ______.

　　A. they were born with the ability

　　B. they love children and enjoy it

　　C. they spend more time doing it

　　D. they have learned it at school

　　67. Which of the following is the author’s conclusion drawn at the end?

　　A. He is better than his wife at taking care of children.

　　B. He is as good as his wife at taking care of children.

　　C. Either fathers or mothers can take care of children.

　　D. Both fathers and mothers cannot take care of children.

　　64-67 BACC

　　****************************************************************結束

　　a little bird called a honey guide.

　　The honey guide does not actually like honey, but it does like the wax(蜂蠟) in the beehives (蜂房). The little bird cannot reach this max, which is deep inside the bee’s nest. So, when it finds a suitable nest, it looks for someone to help it. The honey guide gives a loud cry that attracts the attention of both passing animals and people. Once it has their attention, it flies through the forest, waiting from time to time for the curious animal or person ad it leads them to the nest. When they finally arrive at the nest, the follower reaches in to get at the delicious honey as the bird patiently waits and watches. Some of the honey, and the wax, always falls to the ground, and this is when the honey guide takes its share.

　　Scientists do not know why the honey guide likes eating the wax, but it is very determined in its efforts to get it. The birds seem to be able to smell wax from a long distance away. They will quickly arrive whenever a beekeeper is taking honey from his beehives, and will even enter churches when beeswax candles are being lit.

　　59. What can be the best title for the text?

　　A. Wild Bees

　　B. Wax and Honey

　　C. Beekeeping in Africa

　　D. Honey-Lover's Helper

　　[點撥] D 短文談的是可以幫助尋蜜者尋找蜂蜜的鳥類，最佳標題應該是D選項。因此，正確答案為D選項。

　　例2 （2024全國II）Cold weather can hard on pets, just like it can be hard on people. Sometimes owners forget that their cats are just as used to the warm shelter (住所) as they are. Some owners will leave their animals outside for a long period of time, thinking that all animals are used to living outdoors. This can put their pets in danger of serious illness. There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.

　　Keep your pets inside as much as you can when the weather is bad. If you have to take them out, stay outside with them. When you’re cold enough to go inside, they probably are too. If you must leave them outside for a long time, make sure they have a warm, solid shelter against the wind, thick bedding, and plenty of non-frozen water.

　　If left alone outside, dogs and cats can be very smart in their search for warm shelter. They can dig into snow banks or hide somewhere. Watch them closely when they are left outdoors, and provide them with shelter of good quality. Keep an eye on your pet’s water. Sometimes owners don’t realize that a water bowl has frozen and their pet can’t get anything to drink. Animals that don’t have clean and unfrozen water may drink dirty water outside, which may contain something unhealthy for them.

　　44. What is the purpose of this text?

　　A. To solve a problem. B. To give practical advice.

　　C. To tell an interesting story. D. To present a research result.

　　[點撥] B 主旨大意題。有第一段最后一句話There are things you can do to keep your animal warm and safe.及二、三段可知選B。

　　[小試牛刀]

　　I. 段落練習

　　Exercise 1

　　　 Some people like to go to beach or a lake for recreation. They enjoy the swimming or boating that is available there. Other people, especially in the hot summer, prefer clean air and cool mountain breezes. Some people like excitement and entertainment. They got to shows and nightclubs. Still other people find that staying home with the family and enjoying the togetherness of spending time with loved ones is the most pleasurable experience of all. Question :

　　Which of the following best expresses the main idea of the passage? A. People enjoy different kinds of recreation. B. Some people like staying at home with their families. C. Some people love swimming and boating. D. Some people are richer than others.

　　When the weather is clear, pilots use their eyes to keep the airplane flying straight and level. In low visibility situations, however, the eye and other orientation senses, such as our sense of Question: This passage mainly tells us_________. A. how Americans show respect to others B. how Japanese show respect to their American acquaintances C. Americans and Japanese have different ways of showing respect D. Japanese are not satisfied with American casual behavior

　　Exercise 5

　　A JINTAN, JIANGSU: The 20 students — 18 boys and 2 girls —had a thousand reasons to be proud of themselves. They had just climbed their way to the top rung out of 4 million students taking part in the Fifth National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest on Tuesday evening.

　　The 20 gold medal winners are all primary and middle school students under the age of 14. “Many of the problems are of college level and these pupils can figure them out. It is just unbelievable!” said a teacher from Guangdong province.

　　Named after China’s most famous mathematician, Hua Luogeng, the contest started in 1986, one year after his death. In less than 10 years, it has been recognized by the State Education Commission(國家教委) as the country’s biggest and best contest of its kind. Question: This news story is mainly about ______.

　　A. when the contest started? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?? ?

　　B. how the contest got its name

　　C. the 20 pupils who have won gold medals in the contest

　　D. the 5th National Hua Luogeng Gold Cup Mathematics Contest II. 篇章練習

　　Exercise

　　In 1901, H.G. Wells, an English writer, wrote a book describing a trip to the moon. When the explorers landed on the moon, they discovered that the moon was full of underground cities. They expressed their surprise to the “moon people” they met. In turn, the “moon people” expressed their surprise. “Why,” they asked, “are you traveling to outer space when you don’t even use your inner space?”

　　H.G. Wells could only imagine travel to the moon. In 1969, human beings really did land on the moon. People today know that there are no underground cities on the moon. However, the question that the “moon people” asked is still an interesting one. A growing number of scientists are seriously thinking about it.

　　Underground systems are already in place. Many cities have underground car parks. In some cities, such as Tokyo, Seoul and Montreal, there are large underground shopping areas. The “Chunnel”, a tunnel connecting England and France, is now complete.

　　But what about underground cities? Japan’s Taisei Corporation is designing a network of underground system, called “Alice Cities.” The designers imagine using surface space for public parks and using underground space for flats, offices, shopping, and so on. A solar dome(太陽能穹頂) would cover the whole city.

　　Supporters of underground development say that building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space. The surface, they say, can be used for farms, parks, gardens, and wilderness. H.G. Wells’ “moon people” would agree. Would you? What would be the best title for the text? A. Alice Cities—cities of the future? ?? ?

　　B. Space travel with H.G. Wells C. Enjoy living underground? ?? ?? ?? ?? ? D. Building down, not up 1. 尋找主題句，確定文章主題 在許多情況下，尤其在閱讀說明文和議論文時，根據其篇章特點我們可以通過尋找短文的主 標題位于文章之首，用來高度概括文章內容，點明文章主題。它的特點是：短小精悍，多為一短語；涵蓋性強，一般要求能覆蓋全文，其確定的范圍要恰當，既不能太大，也不能太小。精確性強，不能隨意改變語言表意的程度及色彩。在選擇標題時，要注意三點：第一：要在閱讀原文的基礎上，仔細考慮這句話或短語與文章主題是否有密切的聯系；第二：再看它對文章的概括性或覆蓋面如何；第三：要注意題目是過大還是過小。

　　[答案速遞]

　　I. 1. A 。短文中沒有主題句，通過仔細閱讀全文，從例證關系來分析，本文的主題思想應歸納為：People enjoy different kinds of recreation. 因此，A為正確答案。 2. A 。上面這段話的主題句位于本段的中間：The flood of cheaper foreign cars has not cost American autoworkers their jobs as some experts expected. 據此，此題的正確答案應為A.。 3. C。　四項選擇中A項和D項內容太具體，不能概括段落的主旨思想。B項內容又太籠統，超出了作者的原意。只有C項才準確地概括出段落的主旨思想。

　　4. D 。這一篇短文前幾句只講述了具體情況，均不具備主題句的特征，只有最后一句話是概括性的、總結性的，因此本段的最后一句是主題句，故正確答案是D。 5. D這是一篇報道，文章的第一段只有兩句話：“20個學生(2女18男)有充分的理由為自己感到自豪，因為他們奪得了第五屆華羅庚杯數學競賽的金獎，是4百萬參賽學生中的佼佼者”，下文接著對競賽的有關情況進行報道，因此，第一段實際上就是這篇報道的主題句。A、B、C分別只包含了報道的部分信息，顯然不合題意；D選項與主題句的意思完全一致，因此是正確答案。 II. D。文章以月球人的問題Why are you traveling to outer space when you don’t even use your inner space? 引起話題，接著講敘了人類目前對地下空間的利用現狀，結尾以地下空間開發的支持者的話點題 building down rather than building up is a good way to use the earth’s space。A選項只是本文話題的部分意思，不是主要話題；B選項與文章的意思無關；文章主要是講地下空間的開發利用，而不是講如何享受地下生活，因此C選項與文章的主題也無關；D選項符合文章的主要內容，與主題句的意思一致，因此，是該題的正確答案。 [單詞百寶箱]

　　brew n. 調制,釀造

　　He brewed cups of thick Turkish coffee.他調制了幾杯很濃的土耳其咖啡。

　　ingredients n. (混合物的)組成部分; 配料; 構成要素,因素

　　Flour and fat are the most important ingredients.面粉和油脂是最重要的配料。

　　breeze n. 微風,輕風

　　It was steaming hot; there was no breeze at all.天氣悶熱,一點風也沒有。

　　insatiable adj. 不知足的, 貪求無厭的

　　The young man has an insatiable hunger for knowledge.這個年輕人有著一副永不滿足的求知欲。

　　orientation n. 方向,目標?

　　The winding trail caused the hikers to lose their orientation.蜿蜒的小徑使徒步旅行者迷失了方向。

　　insult v. vt.?侮辱,辱罵

　　You will insult her if you don't go to her party.你要是不去參加她舉辦的聚會,就對她太無禮了。

　　acquaintance n. . 熟人

　　We talked as if we were old acquaintances.我們就好像是老相識般談話。

　　rung n.地位, 橫檔

　　Hard work and long hours are rungs in the ladder of success. 刻苦努力和孜孜不倦是成功的階梯。

　　wilderness n. n. 荒野, 茫茫一片, 大量, 荒地

　　The surrounding country is a wilderness of sand. 周圍是茫茫一片砂石地。

　　[時文閱讀]

　　Traditional forms of work also changed. Some people were better at performing a particular task than other clan members, so then began to specialize in things they were good at doing. This also meant that they began to exchange their goods for things that others produced.

　　People began to communicate with distant tribes. Land was cleared for roads. Foreign plants and animals were transported to places where they had not existed before. Specialization also give people more free time. So art ,dance and music became important ways of expressing feelings and thoughts. This was how many great civilizations started.

　　Compared to the past, modern civilization has experienced many changes to become the highly developed society that exists today. Populations have increased rapidly. Forests have been cleared for farms. Inventions and technology have made work easier.

　　However, pollution and other serious problems have also resulted from human progress. As concerned citizens, it is up to us to learn from past mistakes and to help maintain and improve our environment.

　　1 Early tribes didn’t have much effect on animal population because_____

　　A .they kept animals for themselves

　　B they ate only vegetables

　　C they loved animals

　　D they killed only enough for food

　　2 The main purpose for small clans to join together was_____

　　A to hurt animals

　　B to seek safety

　　C to share caves

　　D to protect environment

　　3 According to the passage ,we can learn that_____

　　A early people moved to new places looking for new sources of food