2024屆高三英語一輪語法專項真題:特殊句式
特殊句式
【2024新課標全國卷II】12.Only by increasing the number of doctors by 50 percent ________ properly in this hospital.
A.can be the patients treated
B.can the patients be treated
C.the patients can be treated
D.treated can be the patients
【解析】 題干的意思是:“只有把這家醫院醫生的人數增加50%,病人才能得到適當的治療。”“only+狀語”位于句首時,句子須用部分倒裝語序。【答案】 B
34.Not until he went through real hardship ________ the love we have for our families is important.
A.had he realized
B.did he realize
C.he realized
D.he had realized
【解析】 題干的意思是:“直到他經歷了真正的困難,他才意識到我們對家人的愛的重要性。”由題干中句首的關鍵信息Not until可知此處要用部分倒裝,排除C、D兩項;而A項用了過去完成時,表示“realize表示的動作發生在從句謂語went through表示的動作之前”,這顯然不合邏輯,所以排除A項;而B項無論從語序還是從時態上講,都是非常正確的。【答案】 B
26.At no time ________ the rules of the game.It was unfair to punish them.
A.they actually broke
B.do they actually break
C.did they actually break
D.they had actually broken
【解析】 句意為“實際上他們從來沒有違反比賽的規則。懲罰他們是不公平的”。at no time意為“決不;從不,任何時刻都不”,當其位于句首時,句子應該用部分倒裝結構,故排除A項和D項;根據第二個句子的時態可知,此處應該用過去時態,故排除B項。【答案】 C
27.“Never for a second” the boy says,“________that my father would come to my rescue.”
A.I doubted
B.do I doubt
C.I have doubted
D.did I doubt
【解析】 句意:這個男孩說:“我從來沒有懷疑過我爸爸會來救我。”當否定副詞或具有否定含義的短語置于句首時,句子常用部分倒裝。本題中,Never for a second置于句首,所以句子要用部分倒裝。再根據would come to...可知,是在講過去發生的事情,故應用過去時。故答案選D。【答案】 D
35.Not once________to Michael that he could one day become a top student in his class.
A.occurred it
B.it did occur
C.it occurred
D.did it occur
【解析】 題干的意思是:“邁克爾成為班里的第一名這樣的情況一次也沒有發生過。”否定副詞not置于句首用于強調時,句子要用部分倒裝,故答案為D。解答這類題目需要了解用于倒裝的各種前提,準確理解句子含義。【答案】 D
25.Only when he apologizes for his rudeness________to him again.
A.I will speak
B.will I speak
C.do I speak
D.I speak
【解析】 句意:只有他為他的粗魯道歉時,我才會再跟他講話。only+時間狀語從句放在句首時,句子要部分倒裝。will表示愿意做某事。【答案】 B
10.It was only after he had read the papers ________ Mr.Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.
A.when
B.that
C.which
D.what
【解析】 題干的意思是:“直到他讀了文件之后,格羅斯先生才意識到他面前的任務非常難完成。”本句為強調句型,強調狀語only after he had read the papers。根據強調句結構“It is/was+被強調部分+that+剩余部分”可知選B。此外,我們也可以將It is/was與空格去掉來驗證此句是不是一個強調句。【答案】 B
11.It was not until near the end of the letter ________ she mentioned her own plan.
A.that
B.where
C.why
D.when
【解析】 本題考查強調句型:It is/was+被強調部分+that+其他部分。句意為“直到快寫到信的結尾的時候,她才提到了自己的計劃”。句中被強調的部分是時間狀語not until near the end of the letter。【答案】 A
27.It was with the help of the local guide________the mountain climber was rescued.
A.who
B.that
C.when
D.how
【解析】 句意:正是在當地導游的幫助下那位爬山者獲救了。這是一個It is/was...that...強調句型。判斷的標準是:把It is/was和that去掉,然后調整句子的順序看句子是否成立。如果成立,就是強調句型,反之則不是。而本題將It was和that去掉并調整順序后為“The mountain climber was rescued with the help of the local guide.”,句子完整無缺,因此是強調句型,所以答案為B。【答案】 B
23.The famous musician,as well as his students,______ to perform at the opening ceremony of the 2024 Taipei Flower Expo.
A.were invited
B.was invited
C.have been invited
D.has been invited
【解析】 題干的意思是:“這位著名的音樂家和他的學生被邀請為2024年臺北花卉展的開幕式表演。”“被邀請”是一個發生在過去的動作,而且不表示對現在造成了影響,也不表示動作持續到現在,所以不能選用完成時。根據主謂一致的語法規則,A as well as B作主語時,遵循“就前原則”,也就是說謂語動詞要和A保持一致。也可以理解為本句的主語是A而不是B,所以本題謂語動詞的數要和the famous musician保持一致,用was invited。【答案】 B
21.Generally,students' inner motivation with high expectations from others ________ essential to their development.
A.isB.are
C.was
D.were
【解析】 句意:一般說來,別人對其期望值高的學生,他們的內在動機對自身的發展是至關重要的。分析句子結構可知,該句的主語部分為students' inner motivation with high expectations from others,中心詞inner motivation顯然為第三人稱單數。再根據generally(一般說來)判斷該句話講的是通常情況,所以用一般現在時。解答該類題目的關鍵在于找準中心詞。【答案】 A
33.The university estimates that living expenses for international students________around $8,450 a year, which________a burden for some of them.
A.are; is
B.are; are
C.is; are
D.is; is
【解析】 題干的意思是:“這所大學估計,國際學生的生活費用每年大約8 450美元,這對他們中的一些學生來說是一個負擔。”第一個空的主語為living expenses“生活費用”,所以謂語動詞用復數形式;“which________a burden for some of them”是一個非限制性定語從句,which指代前面的“生活費用高”這件事,故此處謂語動詞用第三人稱單數形式。【答案】 A
28.The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police ________.
A.not to do
B.not to
C.not do
D.do not
【解析】 本題考查動詞不定式符號to的保留、不定式符號to后面的省略以及不定式的否定形式。句意:那個司機想把他的小汽車停在路邊,但是警察讓他不要把車停在路邊。通過分析題干,再結合句意可知,動詞不定式符號to后面省略了“park his car near the roadside”,全句補充完整是“The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.”。在此種用法中可以只在句中保留不定式符號to,從而把與前面重復的內容省略;動詞不定式的否定形式是直接在不定式符號to的前面加上否定副詞not/never,故答案選B項。【答案】 B
19.There are some health problems that,when ________ in time,can become bigger ones later on.
A.not treated
B.not being treated
C.not to be treated
D.not having been treated
【解析】 題干的意思是:“有一些健康問題,如果沒得到及時的治療,在以后會變成更為嚴重的問題。”分析句子結構可知,此處是狀語從句的省略,從句主語problems與treat之間為被動關系,故A項正確,其完整的形式為when they are not treated in time。此句實際上是分隔式定語從句。定語從句that can become bigger ones later on被when not treated in time分隔開來了。【答案】 A
30.Every day________a proverb aloud several times until you have it memorized.
A.read
B.reading
C.to read
D.reads
【解析】 題干的意思是:“一則諺語每天大聲朗讀幾遍直到你記住。”此處考查祈使句的用法,故答案為A。考生易受every day的干擾,其實不管時間狀語的位置如何,只要確定了關鍵動詞和語氣就能判斷是不是祈使句。解答這類題目需要對常見句式熟記于心并準確理解句子含義。【答案】 A32.Anyone,once ________ positive for H7N9 flu virus,will receive free medical treatment from our government.
A.to be tested
B.being tested
C.tested
D.to test
【解析】 題干的意思是:一旦H7N9禽流感病毒被檢測為陽性,任何人都會受到我們政府的免費醫治。由題干中的關鍵信息once可知此處為時間狀語從句的省略。根據狀語從句中省略的條件:“當主從句的主語一致,并且從句的謂語包括動詞be時,可將從句的主語和動詞be一起省略”,逆推可將該從句還原為“once anyone is tested positive for H7N9 flu virus”,并且時間狀語從句中要用一般現在時代替一般將來時,所以該題目自然是省略了“anyone is”。解答這類題目需要抓住句中的關鍵信息,準確理解句子含義。【答案】 C
34.If________to look after luggage for someone else, inform the police at once.
A.asked
B.to ask
C.asking
D.having asked
【解析】 句意:如果被要求為他人照看行李,請立即通知警察。主句為祈使句,省略了主語you,根據語境可知,條件狀語從句中ask與you之間為動賓關系,故選A項。【答案】 A
【考點】
【答案】
【解析】34. You have to move out of the way
the truck cannot get past you.
A. so
B. or
C. and
D. but
【考點】考查并列連詞。
【答案 【解析— I don’t know about you, but I’m sick and tired of this weather.
— _________. I can’t stand all this rain. A. I don’t care
B. It’s hard to say
C. So am I
D. I hope not
【考點】考查倒裝句的用法。
【答案解析I can’t stand all this rain可知,此處與上一句中的I’m sick and tired of the weather表達同樣的感受,因此應該用So am I,表示“我也是”。
【2024江蘇卷】25.There is little doubt in your mind that he is innocent, _______________?
A. is there B. isn't there C. is he D. isn't he
【考點】考查反意疑問句。
【答案】A
【解析】根據前面there be句型里含有否定意義的詞little,所以反意疑問句用肯定形式,其主謂應與陳述部分的主謂保持一致,故選A項。
【舉一反三】陳述部分如含有”never/hardly/scarcely/seldom/little/few/nobody/nothing…”等否定詞或半否定詞時,這部分應視為否定形式,簡短問句就用肯定形式。如:
He was hardly twelve then,was he?他當時幾乎不到十二歲,是嗎?
陳述部分含有帶”否定”前綴的詞,則這部分應看做肯定形式,簡短問句就用否定形式。如:
she dislikes the way you work,doesn’t she?她不喜歡你的工作方式,對嗎?
2024湖南35. All the scientific evidence ____ that increasing use of chemicals in farming ____ damaging our health.
A. show; are B. shows; are C. show; is D. shows; is
【考點】本題考查主謂一致D
【解析】第一空的主語evidence為不可數,所以排除A、C;第二空主語為increasing use也是不可數,所以選D。主謂一致 不可數名詞/動名詞/含介詞短語的部分作主語
[2024湖南30. It was not until I came here ____ I realized this place was famous, for not only its beauty but also its weather.
A. who B. that C. where D. before
【考點】本題考查強調句。B
【解析】把it was及空去掉,可轉換為一個完整的句子。且這是表示“直到……時才”的句型之一:it was not until … that …。復合句 強調句型that
—倒裝結構
【答案】C
【解析】空白處前為否定詞“nor”位于句首,句子應該使用部分倒裝結構,而且根據語境空白處應使用一般將來時,C選項符合題意。因此,正確答案為C選項。
【2024重慶卷】32. It was 80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic______ Zheng sailed to East Africa.
A. when
B. that
C. after
D. since
【考點】特殊句式—強調句型
【答案】B
【解析】句子雖然比較長,但是其主干為強調句型,是對“80 years before Christopher Columbus crossed the Atlantic”進行了強調,由此可知,空白處應該填寫“that”。因此,正確答案為B選項。
【2024遼寧卷】32.
Not until he retired from teaching three years ago
having a holiday abroad.
A.
he had considered
B.
had he considered
C.
he considered
D.
did he consider
【考點】特殊句式—倒裝。
【解析】Not until位于句首時句子要倒裝,consider having a holiday abroad這個動作發生在retire之后,所以用一般過去時。
【2024四川卷】4. At school, some students are active ______ some are shy, yet they can be good friends with one another.
A. while
B. although
C. so
D. as
【答案】 【答案】 nor位于句首引起部分倒裝,排除B、D;再根據句意“這并不是(關于)我的故事,它也不是故事的全部。我的故事的結局不同。”選代詞it。故答案選C。
【2024陜西卷】12.The basketball coach, as well as his team , ______interviewed shortly after the match for their outstanding performance.
A. were
B. was
C. is
D. are
【答案】B
【考點】考查動詞時態和主謂一致。
【解析】主語中心詞是the basketball coach,是單數,根據shortly after the match可以推斷出題干時態是一般過去時,故選B。
【2024北京卷】31. ______ at the door before you enter my room, please.
A. Knock
B. Knocking