Unit 3　Inventors and inventions

　　Ⅰ.單項填空

　　1．(2024·山師大附中模擬)The man who hit so many people in a row had drunk so much that his mind could no longer ________ between fantasy and reality.

　　A．distinguish　B．discourage

　　C．disturb

　　D．disappear

　　答案：A　考查動詞詞義。句意：那個連續撞了很多人的男子喝了太多酒，所以他的大腦分辨不出幻想和現實。distinguish“區別；辨別”，符合句意。discourage“使氣餒；阻礙”；disturb“擾亂；妨礙”；disappear“消失；不存在”。

　　2．(2024·豫東六校聯考)The companions with ________ my brother associates are friendly and warm-hearted.

　　A．whom

　　B．which

　　C．that

　　D．them

　　答案：A　考查定語從句的用法。句意：我弟弟交的伙伴很友好而且還很熱心。先行詞是the companions，associate with“與……交往”，介詞with提到了前面，故用with whom。

　　3．(2024·平遙高三質檢)The sound of the happy laughter ________ memories of his childhood.

　　A．called up

　　B．called on

　　C．called for

　　D．called in

　　答案：A　考查短語意義。句意：幸福的笑聲喚起了他童年的記憶。call up“使想起”，與句意相符。call on“號召”；call for“要求”；call in“召集；招來”。

　　4．(2024·東北三校模擬)The volcano erupted violently, yet the village at the foot of it should ________.

　　A．come through

　　B．go through

　　C．get through

　　D．pass through

　　答案：A　考查動詞短語意義。句意：那座火山劇烈的噴發而山腳下的那個村莊竟然安然渡過了危險。come through“(安然渡過)危機；疾病等”，與句意相符。

　　5．(2024·江西九校聯考)Close the door of fear behind you, and you ________ the door of faith open before you.

　　A．saw

　　B．have seen

　　C．will see

　　D．are seeing

　　答案：C　句意：關上你身后的懼怕之門，你就會看到信心之門在你面前敞開著。這是“祈使句＋and＋并列句”結構。根據句意，并列句謂語應該用一般將來時態。

　　6．(2024·東北師大附中高三質檢)I ride a bicycle to go to work every day and have a deep impression that the bicycle is very ________ in our daily life.

　　A．convenient

　　B．available

　　C．possible

　　D．personal

　　答案：A　考查形容詞詞義。句意：我每天騎自行車去上班，并且有一個很深的感想，那就是自行車在我們的日常生活中是非常便利的。available“可以利用的；可以得到的”；convenient“方便的”；possible“可能的”；personal“個人的”。

　　7．(2024·吉林省實驗中學高三質檢)The digital dictionary I got ________ the other day cost me a lot.

　　A．repaired

　　B．repairing

　　C．to repair

　　D．to be repaired

　　答案：A　考查非謂語動詞。“get＋賓語＋動詞的過去分詞作賓補足語”表示主語讓別人做某事。

　　8．(2024·安徽師大附中高三質檢)To be honest, the role John plays in this film doesn't come up to my ________， though he is one of my favorite actors.

　　A．excuses

　　B．explanations

　　C．experiences

　　D．expectations

　　答案：D　考查名詞詞義。句意：老實說，雖然約翰是我最喜歡的演員之一，但他在這部電影中扮演的角色沒有達到我的期望。expectation“期待；期望；預料”，短語come up to (one's) expectations“達到期望(的水平)”，與句意相符。

　　9．(2024·天津六校聯考)I haven't come to a clear idea, so I can only tell you ________ what I think about it.

　　A．abruptly

　　B．privately

　　C．roughly

　　D．absolutely

　　答案：C　從前一個分句的意思可推知，說話人只能粗略地(roughly)告訴對方他的想法。abruptly“突然地；唐突地”；privately“秘密地”；absolutely“絕對地”。

　　10．(2024·山西師大附中模擬)From what we have discussed above, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion that only in this way ________ to make great progress in our studies.

　　A．we can hope

　　B．can we hope

　　C．we did hope

　　D．did we hope

　　答案：B　only修飾狀語位于句首時，主句要用部分倒裝；另外，根據句子的語氣應使用情態動詞can。

　　11．(2024·山東四市聯考)—Have you finished your homework yet?

　　—Not yet, I ________ to do it just a few minutes ago.

　　A．get down

　　B．set out

　　C．set about

　　D．set up

　　答案：B　考查短語意義。句意：——你完成作業了嗎？——沒有，幾分鐘前我才開始做作業。get down to，set about“著手做某事”，后跟動詞-ing形式；set up“建立”；set out to do sth.“著手做某事”。

　　12．(2024·山東青島質檢)Out of ________ for the homeless children, he gave them shelter for the night.

　　A．pity

　　B．shame

　　C．mercy

　　D．friendship

　　答案：C　考查短語搭配中的名詞。句意：出于對那些無家可歸的孩子們的同情，他給孩子們提供了過夜的地方。out of mercy for...“出于對……的憐憫”，與句意相符。

　　13．(2024·河北衡水中學模擬)—Sorry, I have to ________ now. It's time for class.

　　—OK, I'll call back later.

　　A．ring off

　　B．break up

　　C．give off

　　D．hold up

　　答案：A　ring off“掛斷電話”；break up“分解；分裂；拆散”；give off“發出”；hold up“支撐；耽擱”。由句中出現的call back later可知，此處應選擇與打電話有關的短語。

　　14．(2024·南昌三中月考)I can't bear ________， so I hope you can come on time.

　　A．to keep waiting

　　B．to keep to wait

　　C．being kept waiting

　　D．being kept to wait

　　答案：C　keep sb. doing“讓……一直處于某種狀態中”，keep和主語之間構成被動關系，故選C。

　　15．(2024·江西師大附中高三質檢)The book written by him, ________ into 16 languages, has become a bestseller all over the world.

　　A．having translated

　　B．to be translated

　　C．being translated

　　D．translated

　　答案：D　考查非謂語動詞。translate和其邏輯主語book之間為動賓關系，故排除A項。由句意可知動作已經完成，故排除B、C兩項。translated into 16 languages為過去分詞短語作后置定語，其作用相當于非限制性定語從句：which has been translated into 16 languages。

　　Ⅱ.閱讀理解

　　A

　　(2024·三明普高聯考)

　　Here I'd like to talk about how to develop your curiosity and make use of it to make discoveries. Asking questions is the first step to make discoveries and find interesting answers when you are curious about something and want to know more about it.

　　Firstly, write down the subject that you are interested in on a note card or piece of paper. Just put the main idea down, such as “Discover more about dinosaurs.”

　　Next, think for a moment about what you already know about your subject and list information like the sentences below：

　　1. Dinosaurs lived long before human beings appeared.

　　2. Dinosaurs lived on the earth for more than 150 million years.

　　3. Some dinosaurs fed on plants, some on meat.

　　Thirdly, ask yourself “What can I do with what I want to learn？” On your paper, start writing down questions about the dinosaurs as you think of them：

　　1. What's the best weather for dinosaurs to live in?

　　2. How many kinds of dinosaurs are there?

　　3. Have dinosaurs really disappeared?

　　Fourthly, armed_with_your_list_of_questions,_you can now visit the nearest library or turn to computer to begin your research. As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.

　　For example, you might discover that dinosaurs disappeared about 65 million years ago. Why? What happened? Asking new questions can help you research your subject more deeply.

　　The next time you find something interesting to research, take time to organize your thinking by asking good questions. And remember—learning more always bring more questions.

　　文章大意：怎樣利用好奇心，提出問題然后做出發明呢？本文具體講述了這樣做的步驟。

　　1．While doing some research, you should take the following steps________.

　　①list what you want to know

　　②choose a research subject

　　③list what you already know

　　④discover new problems

　　A．①④③②

　　B．①②④③

　　C．②③①④

　　D．②①④③

　　答案：C　細節理解題。由文中的“firstly，next，thirdly，fourthly”可知C項符合。

　　2．What does the underlined sentence “armed with your list of questions” mean?

　　A．Taking your list of questions with you to do more research.

　　B．Writing down your list of questions before turning to the computer.

　　C．Discussing your questions with your classmates for solution.

　　D．Putting your questions aside before going to the library.

　　答案：A　猜測詞義題。由畫線句后的下一句“As you learn more about your subject, you'll probably discover some new questions.”可知，帶著你列的問題去再研究。

　　3．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?

　　A．You can find all the answers online.

　　B．Learn more, and you'll have no questions.

　　C．Asking questions is the only way for research.

　　D．During the research, more questions may arise.

　　答案：D　細節理解題。由最后一段最后一句話“And remember—learning more always bring more questions.”可知，在研究過程中，你就會遇到更多的問題。

　　4．The best title for this passage is________.

　　A．Discovering Dinosaurs

　　B．Asking Good Questions

　　C．Finding Suitable Subjects

　　D．Having Interesting Answers

　　答案：B　主旨大意題。由文章大意可知，本文主要講的是利用好奇心，提出問題然后做出發明的步驟。所以B項符合。

　　B

　　(2024·濟南市4月模擬)

　　More over smart phone, the intelligent watch is about to take your spot as the latest hi-tech current, allowing wearers to glance at messages and even take calls without touching their phones. The i'm Watch, available since 2011, is the flagship product of an Italian company—i'm. This smart watch is an assist to the smart phone, with which it can communicate by Bluetooth wireless technology. It means you can leave your phone in your pocket as you answer or reject a call, review e-mails or read updates from friends on Twitter or Facebook.

　　The i'm Watch also has its own applications, such as i'm Sport, which links with a heart rate detector (檢測器) to allow a runner to check his pulse. Such functions already exist in specialized sports watches but not on watches that are linked to smart phones.

　　With a square shape, a 3.8-centimeter touch screen and various colors, the i'm Watch sells for a minimum of 300 Euros ($390) for the basic model and prices climb to 16 000 Euros for a luxury model in silver or decorated with diamonds.

　　So far, the watch has already found 30 000 buyers, 80 percent of whom are men aged 25 to 50. “Seventy percent are iPhone users, 25 percent Samsung and the rest are other telephones using Google's Android operating system，” said Massimiliano Bertolini, a manager of the company, which aims to sell more than 200 000 watches this year. The company's target market is the person who is always glued to his smart phone, even in meetings or at the movies, or people who wish to keep an eye on their heartbeat during exercise. They will especially target women with advertisements emphasizing its design rather than its technology.

　　文章大意：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一款最新的智能手表。

　　5．The text is meant to ________.

　　A．advertise a hand-held device

　　B．show an example of high-tech

　　C．introduce a new type of watch

　　D．compare the phone with the watch

　　答案：C　寫作意圖題。根據文章第一段第一句“More over smart phone, the intelligent watch is about to take your spot as the latest hi-tech current...”和對全文的整體理解可知，本文主要介紹最新的科技產品：智能手表，故答案C符合文意。

　　6．Which of the following best describes the i'm Watch?

　　A．Economical.

　　B．Typical.

　　C．Multifunctional.

　　D．Traditional.

　　答案：C　推理判斷題。根據文章第一段最后兩句“This smart watch is an assist to the smart phone... review e-mails or read updates from friends on Twitter or Facebook.”可推知，文中介紹的智能手表是多功能的，故答案C符合文意。

　　7．Why is the i'm Watch superior to other specialized sports watches?

　　A．It provides a better service.

　　B．It is linked to smart phones.

　　C．It has a heart rate detector.

　　D．It owns fancy appearance.

　　答案：B　細節理解題。根據文章第二段最后一句“Such functions already exist in specialized sports watches but not on watches that are linked to smart phones.”可知，答案B符合文意。

　　8．Which group of people may be attracted by the i'm Watch?

　　A．Sports lovers having smart phones.

　　B．Women preferring advertisements.

　　C．People using Android system.

　　D．iPhone users seeking convenience.

　　答案：D　細節理解題。根據文章最后一段第二句“Seventy percent are iPhone users...”可知，答案D符合文意。

　　9．What can we learn about the i'm Watch according to the text?

　　A．It can control a runner's pulse.

　　B．It has a wide range of prices.

　　C．It can replace the smart phones.

　　D．It is popular among teenagers.

　　答案：B　推理判斷題。根據文章倒數第二段中的“a minimum of 300 Euros... to 16 000 Euros... with diamonds.”可推知，根據i'm Watch這款智能表的款式和材質不同，它的售價有很大的范圍，故答案B符合文意。