2010中考英語重點語法詞法考點十一：非謂語動詞
2010中考英語重點語法詞法考點十一：非謂語動詞
一、動詞不定式
1.動詞不定式作賓語。
1)在動詞want ,hope,would like,decide,wish,
choose,try ,need等后常用動詞不定式作賓語。
I hope ______(hear)from you soon .
2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth
He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep.
3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth
stop to do sth 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。
After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest .
He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work).
2.動詞不定式作賓語補。
1).帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth
Please ask him _________(come) quickly.
2).省掉to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth
注：省掉to的不定式的句子變被動語態時，需要還原to .
He made the baby _______(stop) crying .
The baby was made ______ _____ crying.
3.動詞不定式作主語
1).動詞不定式常可用作句子的主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
2).常用it作形式主語，而將不定式放在句子后面。
To do sth +謂語動詞+adj /n =
It +謂語動詞+adj / n + to do sth
To get an injection is a little painful .
_____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection
4.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語放在被修飾詞之后
名詞或代詞+to do(介詞)
注：若構成的不定式的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后加上相應的介詞。
I want a pen to write ______.
I want a piece of paper to write ______.
5.動詞不定式與疑問詞連用
疑問詞+ to do sth
注：在賓語從句中，若主從句的主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為疑問詞+to do sth.
Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ?
Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital.
6.動詞不定式可作狀語
1).動詞不定式可作目的狀語
在come / go / leave 后面接動詞不定式作目的狀語。
He came here ______(get)his book.
2).動詞不定式可作原因狀語
表語形容詞（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后與動詞不定式連用作原因狀語
He was glad _______(see) his wife.
3).動詞不定式可作結果狀語
在tooto , not enough to 句型中的動詞不定式作結果狀語。
He was too tired _______(walk) on .
7.動詞不定式作表語
be + to do sth
注：動詞不定式作表語可以和主語的位置互換，且常表將來。
Her wish is _______(become) a doctor .
_____ _____ is her wish .
8.動詞不定式的否定形式
在動詞不定式的前面加not .
He told me _______(not stay) here .
9.動詞不定式符號的省略和保留情況。
1).動詞不定式符號的省略情況
若兩個或兩個以上的不定式并列時，第一個不定式符號不能省略，其余的省掉to .但兩者有對比關系時，to都不能省略。
Edisons mother taught him to write and read .
I havent decided to go home or to go to the cinema.
2)省掉不定式而保留動詞不定式符號to的情況。
Will you take a walk with me ? Im glad to .
Would you like to join my birthday party ?
I would love to .
二、動名詞
1.動名詞相當于一個名詞，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
Reading in bed ______(be) bad for your eyes.
2.有些動詞或動詞短語后面，只能接動名詞作賓語。
三、現在分詞
1.現在分詞常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作賓補。
I saw the boy____(play)in the street just now .
2.現在分詞作定語常放在被修飾詞之前，現在分詞短語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當于一個定語從句。
A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping .
Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=
Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?
3.現在分詞表伴隨情況
He came into the classroom ,carrying a book.
四、過去分詞
1.作賓補
have /get +sth +done 表示請別人干某事
I had my TV repaired last night .
2.作定語
單一的過去分詞作定語，要放在被修飾詞的前面，過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當于一個定語從句。
Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?
Have you ever read any books _____ _____ written by Luxun?
3.作表語 過去分詞作表語已經形容詞化
My cup is broken .
2010中考英語重點語法詞法考點十一：非謂語動詞
一、動詞不定式
1.動詞不定式作賓語。
1)在動詞want ,hope,would like,decide,wish,
choose,try ,need等后常用動詞不定式作賓語。
I hope ______(hear)from you soon .
2)think/find /feel /make it + adj + to do sth
He found it difficult _______(get) to sleep.
3).stop to do sth / stop doing sth
stop to do sth 停下來去做某事 stop doing sth 停止正在做的事。
After working for a long time , He has to stop _______(have ) a rest .
He was very tired , so he had to stop ______(work).
2.動詞不定式作賓語補。
1).帶to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：ask / like /would like /teach /tell /want /help +sb +to do sth
Please ask him _________(come) quickly.
2).省掉to的不定式作賓補的動詞有：let /make / hear /see /notice /have/watch+sb +do sth
注：省掉to的不定式的句子變被動語態時，需要還原to .
He made the baby _______(stop) crying .
The baby was made ______ _____ crying.
3.動詞不定式作主語
1).動詞不定式常可用作句子的主語時，謂語動詞用單數形式。
2).常用it作形式主語，而將不定式放在句子后面。
To do sth +謂語動詞+adj /n =
It +謂語動詞+adj / n + to do sth
To get an injection is a little painful .
_____ a little painful ____ ____ an injection
4.動詞不定式作定語
動詞不定式作定語放在被修飾詞之后
名詞或代詞+to do(介詞)
注：若構成的不定式的動詞為不及物動詞時，其后加上相應的介詞。
I want a pen to write ______.
I want a piece of paper to write ______.
5.動詞不定式與疑問詞連用
疑問詞+ to do sth
注：在賓語從句中，若主從句的主語一致時，賓語從句可簡化為疑問詞+to do sth.
Can you tell me how I can get to the hospital ?
Can you tell me _____ ____ ____ the hospital.
6.動詞不定式可作狀語
1).動詞不定式可作目的狀語
在come / go / leave 后面接動詞不定式作目的狀語。
He came here ______(get)his book.
2).動詞不定式可作原因狀語
表語形容詞（sorry/sad/happy/ glad /afraid/ pleased）后與動詞不定式連用作原因狀語
He was glad _______(see) his wife.
3).動詞不定式可作結果狀語
在tooto , not enough to 句型中的動詞不定式作結果狀語。
He was too tired _______(walk) on .
7.動詞不定式作表語
be + to do sth
注：動詞不定式作表語可以和主語的位置互換，且常表將來。
Her wish is _______(become) a doctor .
_____ _____ is her wish .
8.動詞不定式的否定形式
在動詞不定式的前面加not .
He told me _______(not stay) here .
9.動詞不定式符號的省略和保留情況。
1).動詞不定式符號的省略情況
若兩個或兩個以上的不定式并列時，第一個不定式符號不能省略，其余的省掉to .但兩者有對比關系時，to都不能省略。
Edisons mother taught him to write and read .
I havent decided to go home or to go to the cinema.
2)省掉不定式而保留動詞不定式符號to的情況。
Will you take a walk with me ? Im glad to .
Would you like to join my birthday party ?
I would love to .
二、動名詞
1.動名詞相當于一個名詞，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數。
Reading in bed ______(be) bad for your eyes.
2.有些動詞或動詞短語后面，只能接動名詞作賓語。
三、現在分詞
1.現在分詞常放在see, hear ,watch ,notice 等之后作賓補。
I saw the boy____(play)in the street just now .
2.現在分詞作定語常放在被修飾詞之前，現在分詞短語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當于一個定語從句。
A sleeping baby = a baby who is sleeping .
Did you know the man talking to Mr Li?=
Did you know the man who was talking to Mr Li?
3.現在分詞表伴隨情況
He came into the classroom ,carrying a book.
四、過去分詞
1.作賓補
have /get +sth +done 表示請別人干某事
I had my TV repaired last night .
2.作定語
單一的過去分詞作定語，要放在被修飾詞的前面，過去分詞短語作定語要放在被修飾詞的后面，相當于一個定語從句。
Have you ever read any books written by Luxun?
Have you ever read any books _____ _____ written by Luxun?
3.作表語 過去分詞作表語已經形容詞化
My cup is broken .
