高中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法-辨幾組相似的從句
辨幾組相似的從句
一 . 目的狀語(yǔ)從句與結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
A. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句常由從屬連詞 so that， in order that 引導(dǎo)，且其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中常含 can / could， may/might， will/ would 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。這時(shí)主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。例如：
1. You should keep the young plants in the shade so that they can't be burnt.
為了不使小苗被曬壞，你應(yīng)該把它們放在陰涼處。
2. He got up early in order that he could catch the first bus.
他早起是為了趕頭班公交車。
3. We should add some fertilizer to the field so that the plants could grow big and strong.
為了讓農(nóng)作物長(zhǎng)得又大又壯，我們應(yīng)該給田地施肥。
B. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常由 so that， so that， such that 引導(dǎo)。這時(shí)主句和從句之間有時(shí)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中一般不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：
1. He got up early so that he caught the first bus.
他起得早，結(jié)果趕上了頭班公交車。
2. The plan for planting trees around the village was so good that all the villagers agreed to carry it out.
在那個(gè)在村子四周植樹(shù)的計(jì)劃非常好，結(jié)果所有的村民都同意執(zhí)行。
3. The teacher is so good that all her students love her.
那位老師是這樣好，以至于所有的學(xué)生都喜歡她。
二 . that 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與 that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
A. that 在其引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。它在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常可省略。例如：
1. The finger that I sucked was not the one that I had dipped into the mixture.
我吮吸的手指不是我蘸到混合液中的那個(gè)手指。
2. We'll visit the factory that makes toys for children.
我們將去參觀兒童玩具制造廠。
B. that 在其引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句中不作任何成分，而且 that 前面通常有 idea， fact， news， hope， truth 等名詞。在意義上， that 從句與這些名詞之間可加是動(dòng)詞。此時(shí)的 that 不能省略。例如：
1. The whole country was sad at the news that Lincoln was murdered.
聽(tīng)到林肯遭暗殺的消息，全國(guó)上下都很悲痛。
2. We expressed the hope that we should be given another chance to do the experiment.
我們表達(dá)了一個(gè)愿望，希望再有一次機(jī)會(huì)去做那個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
三 . 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與含形式主語(yǔ) it 及其指代的 that 從句的句型
A. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的標(biāo)志是 it is / was that 。如果去掉這個(gè)標(biāo)志，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。例如：
1. It was in 1916 that a terrible earthquake hit San Francisco.
就在 1916 年舊金山發(fā)生了大地震。
去掉 it was that 后，句子即成： A terrible earthquake hit San Francisco in 1916.
2. Was it at a theater that Lincoln was murdered？ 林肯是在一個(gè)劇院里遭到暗殺的嗎？
去掉 Was it that 后，句子即成： Lincoln was murdered at a theater.
B. 在含形式主語(yǔ) it 及其指代的 that 從句的句型中，去掉 it ，再把 that 從句移置句首，仍為一個(gè)完整的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
1. It is suggested that we should hold the meeting another day. （＝ That we should hold the meeting another day is suggested. ）
有人建議我們改天再開(kāi)一次會(huì)。
2. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. （ = That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. ）
英國(guó)逐漸成為國(guó)際語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)事實(shí)。
四 . such that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句與 such as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
A. such that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， that 只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分。例如：
1. It is such a heavy stone that none of us can lift it.
這是一塊很沉的石頭，以至于沒(méi)有人能搬動(dòng)它。
2. It is such an interesting book that all of us want to read it.
這是一本非常有趣的書(shū)，以至于我們都想讀一讀。
B. such as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， as 在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如：
1. It is such a heavy stone as none of us can lift.
這是一塊沉重得沒(méi)有人能搬得動(dòng)的石頭。
2. It is such an interesting book as all of us want to read.
這是一本非常有趣的、我們都想看的書(shū)。
3. She is such a good girl as is loved by everyone.
她是一個(gè)人見(jiàn)人愛(ài)的好姑娘。
辨幾組相似的從句
一 . 目的狀語(yǔ)從句與結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句
A. 目的狀語(yǔ)從句常由從屬連詞 so that， in order that 引導(dǎo)，且其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中常含 can / could， may/might， will/ would 等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。這時(shí)主句和從句之間不用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)。例如：
1. You should keep the young plants in the shade so that they can't be burnt.
為了不使小苗被曬壞，你應(yīng)該把它們放在陰涼處。
2. He got up early in order that he could catch the first bus.
他早起是為了趕頭班公交車。
3. We should add some fertilizer to the field so that the plants could grow big and strong.
為了讓農(nóng)作物長(zhǎng)得又大又壯，我們應(yīng)該給田地施肥。
B. 結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句常由 so that， so that， such that 引導(dǎo)。這時(shí)主句和從句之間有時(shí)用逗號(hào)隔開(kāi)，從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞中一般不含情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。例如：
1. He got up early so that he caught the first bus.
他起得早，結(jié)果趕上了頭班公交車。
2. The plan for planting trees around the village was so good that all the villagers agreed to carry it out.
在那個(gè)在村子四周植樹(shù)的計(jì)劃非常好，結(jié)果所有的村民都同意執(zhí)行。
3. The teacher is so good that all her students love her.
那位老師是這樣好，以至于所有的學(xué)生都喜歡她。
二 . that 引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句與 that 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
A. that 在其引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)或表語(yǔ)。它在從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，常可省略。例如：
1. The finger that I sucked was not the one that I had dipped into the mixture.
我吮吸的手指不是我蘸到混合液中的那個(gè)手指。
2. We'll visit the factory that makes toys for children.
我們將去參觀兒童玩具制造廠。
B. that 在其引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句中不作任何成分，而且 that 前面通常有 idea， fact， news， hope， truth 等名詞。在意義上， that 從句與這些名詞之間可加是動(dòng)詞。此時(shí)的 that 不能省略。例如：
1. The whole country was sad at the news that Lincoln was murdered.
聽(tīng)到林肯遭暗殺的消息，全國(guó)上下都很悲痛。
2. We expressed the hope that we should be given another chance to do the experiment.
我們表達(dá)了一個(gè)愿望，希望再有一次機(jī)會(huì)去做那個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。
三 . 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型與含形式主語(yǔ) it 及其指代的 that 從句的句型
A. 強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的標(biāo)志是 it is / was that 。如果去掉這個(gè)標(biāo)志，句子結(jié)構(gòu)仍然完整。例如：
1. It was in 1916 that a terrible earthquake hit San Francisco.
就在 1916 年舊金山發(fā)生了大地震。
去掉 it was that 后，句子即成： A terrible earthquake hit San Francisco in 1916.
2. Was it at a theater that Lincoln was murdered？ 林肯是在一個(gè)劇院里遭到暗殺的嗎？
去掉 Was it that 后，句子即成： Lincoln was murdered at a theater.
B. 在含形式主語(yǔ) it 及其指代的 that 從句的句型中，去掉 it ，再把 that 從句移置句首，仍為一個(gè)完整的結(jié)構(gòu)。例如：
1. It is suggested that we should hold the meeting another day. （＝ That we should hold the meeting another day is suggested. ）
有人建議我們改天再開(kāi)一次會(huì)。
2. It is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. （ = That English is being accepted as an international language is a fact. ）
英國(guó)逐漸成為國(guó)際語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)事實(shí)。
四 . such that 引導(dǎo)的結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句與 such as 引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句
A. such that 引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， that 只起連接作用，在從句中不作句子成分。例如：
1. It is such a heavy stone that none of us can lift it.
這是一塊很沉的石頭，以至于沒(méi)有人能搬動(dòng)它。
2. It is such an interesting book that all of us want to read it.
這是一本非常有趣的書(shū)，以至于我們都想讀一讀。
B. such as 引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)， as 在從句中作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)。例如：
1. It is such a heavy stone as none of us can lift.
這是一塊沉重得沒(méi)有人能搬得動(dòng)的石頭。
2. It is such an interesting book as all of us want to read.
這是一本非常有趣的、我們都想看的書(shū)。
3. She is such a good girl as is loved by everyone.
她是一個(gè)人見(jiàn)人愛(ài)的好姑娘。
