高中英語語法-逗號考點全析
逗號考點全析
標點符號在英語中往往易被同學們所忽略。其實正確掌握標點符號,尤其是逗號,對分析句子結構與解題有著十分重要的作用。
一 . 逗號用于并列成分之間。如果并列成分只有兩個,且已有連詞連接,則不須再用逗號連接;但三個或三個以上的并列成分之間,除最后兩個并列成分用連詞連接外,其余均須用逗號隔開。如:
1. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _______ some bananas and visited her cousin.
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy
析:答案為 A 項。句中三個謂語動詞相連,時態一致,屬 A,B and C 句型。
2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
析:答案為 B 項。句中的兩個不定式短語作表語,其間并無連詞連接,這時第二個不定式符號 to 應保留,且第二個不定式前要用逗號與主句隔開,以區分表示目的的不定式。
二 . 逗號用于同位語、定語與句子的其他部分之間。如:
3. Greenland, _______ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres.
A. it is the largest B. that is the largest
C. is the largest D. the largest
析:答案為 D 項。句中 Greenland 后面逗號的部分,在沒有連詞的情況下不可為 A 項的分句; B 項因 that 不能引導非限制性定語從句而被排除; C 項因缺少引導非限制性定語從句的關系代詞 which 而被排除。句中 the largest island in the world 作 Greenland 的同位語。
4. The Olympic Games _______ in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing
析:答案為 C 項。句中兩逗號之間是過去分詞短語作后置定語,相當于非限制性定語從句 which was first played ,強調動作的被動,并且表明該動作在說話時已經完成。
三 . 逗號用于作狀語的分詞短語前后。如:
5. European football is played in 80 countries, _______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes
C. made D. to make
析:答案為 A 項。若選 B 項或 C 項,句子就會因缺少連詞或主語而被排除。逗號在英語中不是并列連詞,所以其前面的結構如果是主句,則其后面的就應是從句或短語。 A 項和 D 項分別為現在分詞與不定式,都可以作狀語,但不定式作狀語置于句尾時,除句中有插入成分,一般不用逗號隔開,故只能選 A 項。
四 . 逗號用于 with 的復合結構與主句之間。如:
6. _______ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
析:答案為 C 項。 with 的復合結構作狀語且置于句首時,其后通常要用逗號與主句隔開。
五 . 逗號用于非限制性定語從句的前后。如:
7. Carol said that the work would be done by October, _______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
析:答案為 D 項。英語中,非限制性定語從句通常要與主句用逗號隔開, which 引導的非限制性定語從句通常要置于句尾,起補充說明的作用。
六 . 逗號用于置于句首的狀語從句后;但從句置后時,也可用逗號與主句隔開。如:
8. _______, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
析:答案為 D 項。 however 引導的讓步狀語從句置于句首時,其后通常要用逗號與主句隔開。 however 引導的讓步狀語從句后通常要緊跟形容詞或副詞,但主謂并不倒裝。
七 . 逗號用于兩個并列單句之間,且逗號后面須接連詞。如:
9. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _______ didnt help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
析:答案為 D 項。 but 連接兩個并列的句子,其后面的句子缺少主語,故選 it ,指代前面已被提及過的同一事物。
河南 劉新會
逗號考點全析
標點符號在英語中往往易被同學們所忽略。其實正確掌握標點符號,尤其是逗號,對分析句子結構與解題有著十分重要的作用。
一 . 逗號用于并列成分之間。如果并列成分只有兩個,且已有連詞連接,則不須再用逗號連接;但三個或三個以上的并列成分之間,除最后兩個并列成分用連詞連接外,其余均須用逗號隔開。如:
1. On Saturday afternoon, Mrs Green went to the market, _______ some bananas and visited her cousin.
A. bought B. buying C. to buy D. buy
析:答案為 A 項。句中三個謂語動詞相連,時態一致,屬 A,B and C 句型。
2. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, _______ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make C. not making D. do not make
析:答案為 B 項。句中的兩個不定式短語作表語,其間并無連詞連接,這時第二個不定式符號 to 應保留,且第二個不定式前要用逗號與主句隔開,以區分表示目的的不定式。
二 . 逗號用于同位語、定語與句子的其他部分之間。如:
3. Greenland, _______ island in the world, covers over two million square kilometres.
A. it is the largest B. that is the largest
C. is the largest D. the largest
析:答案為 D 項。句中 Greenland 后面逗號的部分,在沒有連詞的情況下不可為 A 項的分句; B 項因 that 不能引導非限制性定語從句而被排除; C 項因缺少引導非限制性定語從句的關系代詞 which 而被排除。句中 the largest island in the world 作 Greenland 的同位語。
4. The Olympic Games _______ in 776 BC, did not include women players until 1912.
A. first playing B. to be first played
C. first played D. to be first playing
析:答案為 C 項。句中兩逗號之間是過去分詞短語作后置定語,相當于非限制性定語從句 which was first played ,強調動作的被動,并且表明該動作在說話時已經完成。
三 . 逗號用于作狀語的分詞短語前后。如:
5. European football is played in 80 countries, _______ it the most popular sport in the world.
A. making B. makes
C. made D. to make
析:答案為 A 項。若選 B 項或 C 項,句子就會因缺少連詞或主語而被排除。逗號在英語中不是并列連詞,所以其前面的結構如果是主句,則其后面的就應是從句或短語。 A 項和 D 項分別為現在分詞與不定式,都可以作狀語,但不定式作狀語置于句尾時,除句中有插入成分,一般不用逗號隔開,故只能選 A 項。
四 . 逗號用于 with 的復合結構與主句之間。如:
6. _______ production up by 60%, the company has had another excellent year.
A. As B. For C. With D. Through
析:答案為 C 項。 with 的復合結構作狀語且置于句首時,其后通常要用逗號與主句隔開。
五 . 逗號用于非限制性定語從句的前后。如:
7. Carol said that the work would be done by October, _______ personally I doubt very much.
A. it B. that C. when D. which
析:答案為 D 項。英語中,非限制性定語從句通常要與主句用逗號隔開, which 引導的非限制性定語從句通常要置于句尾,起補充說明的作用。
六 . 逗號用于置于句首的狀語從句后;但從句置后時,也可用逗號與主句隔開。如:
8. _______, Mother will wait for him to have dinner together.
A. However late is he B. However he is late
C. However is he late D. However late he is
析:答案為 D 項。 however 引導的讓步狀語從句置于句首時,其后通常要用逗號與主句隔開。 however 引導的讓步狀語從句后通常要緊跟形容詞或副詞,但主謂并不倒裝。
七 . 逗號用于兩個并列單句之間,且逗號后面須接連詞。如:
9. Toms mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but _______ didnt help.
A. he B. which C. she D. it
析:答案為 D 項。 but 連接兩個并列的句子,其后面的句子缺少主語,故選 it ,指代前面已被提及過的同一事物。
河南 劉新會