2023年職稱英語衛生類考試教材閱讀理解文章及練習
U. S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January
A study that will cost $3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U.S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on Friday.
Officials from the U.S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.
The study will examine hereditary and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.
Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, dust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said.
Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $3.2 billion.
We anticipate that in the long term1,what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nations health care costs, Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters.
The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up2 pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.
Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth3, which has become more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study.
The people taking part will be from rural, urban and suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said.
詞匯:
hereditary adj.遺傳的
注釋:
1.in the long term:從長遠說來
2.sign up:使報名從事
3.pre-term birth:早產
練習:
1.The aim of the study is to find new ways to
A. conduct research.
B. track public health.
C. prevent or treat illness.
D. speed up development.
2.Researchers will collect all the following EXCEPT
A. genetic samples from people in the study.
B. biological samples from people in the study.
C. samples from the homes of the women and their babies.
D. samples of air and water from hospitals.
3.It is expected that through the study the nations health care costs
A. will be lowered in the long run.
B. will be significantly increased.
C. will be more than $200 million.
D. will reach $3.2 billion.
4.The babies of the participants will be followed
A. throughout their lives.
B. for more than two decades.
C. from birth to 21 months.
D. until they get married.
5.Which is NOT true of the people in the study?
A. Theyll be from various areas.
B. Theyll be from all income levels.
C. Theyll be from all educational levels.
D. Theyll be from all age groups.
答案與題解:
1. C本題問的是:美國父母總是叫他們的孩子干什么?文章開頭說到,每個美國孩子都能從父母或爺爺奶奶那里聽到這樣的話,吃光你盤子里的東西,做淸盤俱樂部的成員。這些話表達的意思就是不要浪費糧食。因此C是正確的答案。
2. A本題問的是:美國飯館為什么飯菜給得多?第二段相關的話是這么說的:美國人在傳統 上把東西值不值是跟數量聯系在一起,因此大多數的飯館給的量大。這些飯館樂于讓顧客 們抱怨飯菜給得太多而不樂于讓他們抱怨飯菜給得太少。所以A是正確的答案。
3. D本題問的是:20世紀70年代發生了什么?文章第三段是這樣說的:一位賓州大學營養 教授,Barbara Rolls,告訴《今日美國》20世紀70年代飯館給的飯菜的量開始增加,與此同 時,美國人的腰圍也開始增大。所以D是對的。
4. A本題問的是:調查報告說明了什么?選項B,C和D所說的數字不對。因此唯有A是正確的。A說的是:許多美國窮人希望量大。這個信息可以在第四段中找到。相關的句子是 這么說的:許多吃不起精美正餐的美國人仍然要量大。
5. C本題問的是:下面的哪一種說法不符合美國工人的實際情況? C說的是:他們不想做吃 得健康的人。這個說法是不對的。最后一段的第一句話是這么說的:美國工人不是不想做 吃得健康的人。因此C正確。
譯文:健康飲食
把盤子里的東西吃完了!要成為一名清盤俱樂部的成員!幾乎每一個美國小孩都會聽到父母親或祖父母這樣的嘮叨。父母親或祖父母們還經常會加上一句懇求的話:想想那些饑餓的非洲孤兒吧,多可憐啊!我們的確應該為每一口食物充滿感激。但不幸的是,很多美國人吃得太多了。也許我們應該為明天節約一些糧食,而不足堅持把盤子里的東西吃完。
據資訊報導,美國的餐館應該為美國人日益增大的肚腩負部分責任。《今日美國》刊登的一個故事,服務員給每個顧客提供的一盤食物的量是政府推薦的二至四倍。美國人傳統的認為有量才有質,所以大多數餐館都試圖迎合顧客們的這一想法。他們寧愿被抱怨提供了過多的食物也不愿意被投訴提供的食物太少。
芭芭拉?羅爾斯是賓夕法尼亞州立大學的一位營養學教授。在接受《今日美國》采訪時她說道:從20世紀70年代起,美國的餐館就開始提供越來越大份的食物;也就是從這個時候起,美國人的腰圍也變得越來越粗了。
健康專家已經試著讓很多餐館提供份量小一些的食物。顯然,現在很多顧客也為此而呼吁。據《QSR雜志》報道:在上個月對4000多人所做的一次調查中,有57%的人認為餐館提供的食物份量太大了,23%的人沒有發表看法,還有 20%的人不同意此看法。但是再仔細看看調查結果,你就會發現很多買不起精美菜肴的美 國人還是喜歡買大份量食物。在年收入15萬美元以上的人群中,70%的人更愿意買份量小一點的食物:但在年收入少于2.5萬美元的人群中,只有45%的人愿意買份量小一點的食物。
事情是這樣的,不是美國的工人不想吃的健康一點,而是美國工人覺得做許多個小時低收入的工種下來,盤子里的飯菜量小有點不合算。他們是指望薪金支票過日子的,希望能為來年的圣誕節節約一些錢來買圣誕禮物。
U. S. to Start $3.2 Billion Child Health Study in January
A study that will cost $3.2 billion and last more than two decades to track the health of 100,000 U.S. children from before birth to age 21 will be launched in January, U. S. health officials said on Friday.
Officials from the U.S. governments National Institutes of Health said they hope the study, to be conducted at 105 locations throughout the United States, can help identify early-life influences that affect later development, with the goal of learning new ways to treat or prevent illness.
The study will examine hereditary and environmental factors such as exposure to certain chemicals that affect health.
Researchers will collect genetic and biological samples from people in the study as well as samples from the homes of the women and their babies including air, water, dust and materials used to construct their residences, the NIH said.
Officials said more than $200 million has been spent already and the study is projected to cost $3.2 billion.
We anticipate that in the long term1,what we learn from the study will result in a significant savings in the nations health care costs, Dr. Duane Alexander, who heads the NIHs Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, told reporters.
The study will begin in January when the University of North Carolina and the Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York start signing up2 pregnant women whose babies will then be followed to age 21.
Some of the early findings will be about factors behind pre-term birth3, which has become more common in recent years, according to Dr. Peter Scheidt of the NIH, who heads the study.
The people taking part will be from rural, urban and suburban areas, from all income and educational levels and from all racial groups, the NIH said.
詞匯:
hereditary adj.遺傳的
注釋:
1.in the long term:從長遠說來
2.sign up:使報名從事
3.pre-term birth:早產
練習:
1.The aim of the study is to find new ways to
A. conduct research.
B. track public health.
C. prevent or treat illness.
D. speed up development.
2.Researchers will collect all the following EXCEPT
A. genetic samples from people in the study.
B. biological samples from people in the study.
C. samples from the homes of the women and their babies.
D. samples of air and water from hospitals.
3.It is expected that through the study the nations health care costs
A. will be lowered in the long run.
B. will be significantly increased.
C. will be more than $200 million.
D. will reach $3.2 billion.
4.The babies of the participants will be followed
A. throughout their lives.
B. for more than two decades.
C. from birth to 21 months.
D. until they get married.
5.Which is NOT true of the people in the study?
A. Theyll be from various areas.
B. Theyll be from all income levels.
C. Theyll be from all educational levels.
D. Theyll be from all age groups.
答案與題解:
1. C本題問的是:美國父母總是叫他們的孩子干什么?文章開頭說到,每個美國孩子都能從父母或爺爺奶奶那里聽到這樣的話,吃光你盤子里的東西,做淸盤俱樂部的成員。這些話表達的意思就是不要浪費糧食。因此C是正確的答案。
2. A本題問的是:美國飯館為什么飯菜給得多?第二段相關的話是這么說的:美國人在傳統 上把東西值不值是跟數量聯系在一起,因此大多數的飯館給的量大。這些飯館樂于讓顧客 們抱怨飯菜給得太多而不樂于讓他們抱怨飯菜給得太少。所以A是正確的答案。
3. D本題問的是:20世紀70年代發生了什么?文章第三段是這樣說的:一位賓州大學營養 教授,Barbara Rolls,告訴《今日美國》20世紀70年代飯館給的飯菜的量開始增加,與此同 時,美國人的腰圍也開始增大。所以D是對的。
4. A本題問的是:調查報告說明了什么?選項B,C和D所說的數字不對。因此唯有A是正確的。A說的是:許多美國窮人希望量大。這個信息可以在第四段中找到。相關的句子是 這么說的:許多吃不起精美正餐的美國人仍然要量大。
5. C本題問的是:下面的哪一種說法不符合美國工人的實際情況? C說的是:他們不想做吃 得健康的人。這個說法是不對的。最后一段的第一句話是這么說的:美國工人不是不想做 吃得健康的人。因此C正確。
譯文:健康飲食
把盤子里的東西吃完了!要成為一名清盤俱樂部的成員!幾乎每一個美國小孩都會聽到父母親或祖父母這樣的嘮叨。父母親或祖父母們還經常會加上一句懇求的話:想想那些饑餓的非洲孤兒吧,多可憐啊!我們的確應該為每一口食物充滿感激。但不幸的是,很多美國人吃得太多了。也許我們應該為明天節約一些糧食,而不足堅持把盤子里的東西吃完。
據資訊報導,美國的餐館應該為美國人日益增大的肚腩負部分責任。《今日美國》刊登的一個故事,服務員給每個顧客提供的一盤食物的量是政府推薦的二至四倍。美國人傳統的認為有量才有質,所以大多數餐館都試圖迎合顧客們的這一想法。他們寧愿被抱怨提供了過多的食物也不愿意被投訴提供的食物太少。
芭芭拉?羅爾斯是賓夕法尼亞州立大學的一位營養學教授。在接受《今日美國》采訪時她說道:從20世紀70年代起,美國的餐館就開始提供越來越大份的食物;也就是從這個時候起,美國人的腰圍也變得越來越粗了。
健康專家已經試著讓很多餐館提供份量小一些的食物。顯然,現在很多顧客也為此而呼吁。據《QSR雜志》報道:在上個月對4000多人所做的一次調查中,有57%的人認為餐館提供的食物份量太大了,23%的人沒有發表看法,還有 20%的人不同意此看法。但是再仔細看看調查結果,你就會發現很多買不起精美菜肴的美 國人還是喜歡買大份量食物。在年收入15萬美元以上的人群中,70%的人更愿意買份量小一點的食物:但在年收入少于2.5萬美元的人群中,只有45%的人愿意買份量小一點的食物。
事情是這樣的,不是美國的工人不想吃的健康一點,而是美國工人覺得做許多個小時低收入的工種下來,盤子里的飯菜量小有點不合算。他們是指望薪金支票過日子的,希望能為來年的圣誕節節約一些錢來買圣誕禮物。