GRE寫作表達(dá)技巧介紹
一篇高質(zhì)量好的新GRE作文,很重要的一點(diǎn)就是邏輯明確。這其中需要考生們有自己的中心觀點(diǎn),有條理的闡述語言,以及層層遞進(jìn)的文章結(jié)構(gòu)。所以GRE作文銜接問題對(duì)于表達(dá)邏輯的重點(diǎn)一方面在于GRE作文銜接上。下面就為大家從實(shí)例出發(fā)進(jìn)行GRE作文解讀,解讀GRE寫作技巧表達(dá)。
我們首先來看下面這段話:
Panda bear is a kind of docile lovely animal in the southwest of China. Its cherubic appearance and awkward movement appeals to not only children but also adults. It symbolizes the spirit of peace and harmony, which is cherished by Chinese people. Expansion of human activities to wild areas has caused a sharp decrease in the number of panda bears.
這段話由四句組成,彼此之間存在著明顯的聯(lián)系,論證的都是中國(guó)大熊貓的情況。排除語法,文字優(yōu)美等諸多考慮,這段話給人的感覺是四個(gè)孤立的句子,而不是一段文章。其原因之一,也被筆者認(rèn)為是最重要的一個(gè)原因,是它缺乏必要的過渡,文中主題之間缺乏有機(jī)聯(lián)系導(dǎo)致文章缺乏必要的連貫性。這一問題也是學(xué)生在寫作實(shí)踐中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象。本文的目的就是介紹英文寫作中transitions的使用。
作為考試項(xiàng)目教師,出于通過考試的目的,注意在文章中必要的連接也顯得尤其重要。在諸多北美考試的寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,都出現(xiàn)過與之相關(guān)的要求,比如
displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured
develops and organizes ideas satisfactorily but may notconnect them with transitions
is limited in its organization or focus, or may demonstrate some lapses in coherence or progression of ideas
各種考試中不約而同的出現(xiàn)對(duì)于coherence,connection,transitions等概念的要求,而且這部分做的不到位都會(huì)影響考試寫作部分的成績(jī),其重要性可見一斑。上面三個(gè)詞的翻譯為連貫性,連接和過渡,而connection和transitions在這里可以被理解為同義詞,筆者認(rèn)為就是達(dá)到coherence這一目的的重要手段之一。
那么到底甚么是Transitions呢?在GRE考試中又被稱作Transitional devices,連接元件。筆者嘗試對(duì)之做出定義:Transitions是出現(xiàn)在文章中的一種詞,短語甚至句子,其目的是用來表明它前后兩部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系的,它的用處是能夠幫助讀者自然地從作者的一個(gè)idea轉(zhuǎn)移到下一個(gè)idea,使用的結(jié)果可以使文章的邏輯性更強(qiáng),更加連貫。打個(gè)比方來說,它很像道路上引導(dǎo)旅者的標(biāo)志牌。之所以說前后兩部分,是因?yàn)門ransitions的前后可能是兩個(gè)段落,兩句話,甚至兩個(gè)單詞,它們彼此之間都會(huì)存在各種各樣的邏輯關(guān)系,比如
Addition: and, in addition, additionally, one, another, first of all, secondly, furthermore, moreover
Time: then, after, before, since, once, until, meanwhile, now, during
Space: next to, across, above, below, nearby
Change-of-direction: but, yet, however, otherwise, nevertheless, although, in contrast, on the contrary
Conclusion: because, so, therefore, as a result, consequently, thus, in summary, conclude
其實(shí)還有很多其他關(guān)系,其他的詞,這幾種是比較常見的。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種transitions的出現(xiàn)方式非常多樣,包含了很多詞性:連詞,介詞,副詞,動(dòng)詞等等,還有很多短語,所以把它稱之為Transitional devices是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>
針對(duì)Transitional devices前后可以是段落,句子以及單詞,我們分別舉幾個(gè)例子:
Among paragraphs:
In the first place, human always like exploring the world around, especially mysterious fields
Besides humans curiosity, to explore dangerous fields draws them away from daily routine and boredom.
Finally, although these dangerous activities may not bring us any material reward, they bring forth a lot of psychological benefits.
這是一篇托福作文的三個(gè)中間段的topic sentence,可以看出三段分別論證了人類參加危險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的三條理由,彼此之間的并列關(guān)系,是通過In the first place, Besides,F(xiàn)inally這三個(gè)Transitional devices來體現(xiàn)的
一篇高質(zhì)量好的新GRE作文,很重要的一點(diǎn)就是邏輯明確。這其中需要考生們有自己的中心觀點(diǎn),有條理的闡述語言,以及層層遞進(jìn)的文章結(jié)構(gòu)。所以GRE作文銜接問題對(duì)于表達(dá)邏輯的重點(diǎn)一方面在于GRE作文銜接上。下面就為大家從實(shí)例出發(fā)進(jìn)行GRE作文解讀,解讀GRE寫作技巧表達(dá)。
我們首先來看下面這段話:
Panda bear is a kind of docile lovely animal in the southwest of China. Its cherubic appearance and awkward movement appeals to not only children but also adults. It symbolizes the spirit of peace and harmony, which is cherished by Chinese people. Expansion of human activities to wild areas has caused a sharp decrease in the number of panda bears.
這段話由四句組成,彼此之間存在著明顯的聯(lián)系,論證的都是中國(guó)大熊貓的情況。排除語法,文字優(yōu)美等諸多考慮,這段話給人的感覺是四個(gè)孤立的句子,而不是一段文章。其原因之一,也被筆者認(rèn)為是最重要的一個(gè)原因,是它缺乏必要的過渡,文中主題之間缺乏有機(jī)聯(lián)系導(dǎo)致文章缺乏必要的連貫性。這一問題也是學(xué)生在寫作實(shí)踐中普遍存在的現(xiàn)象。本文的目的就是介紹英文寫作中transitions的使用。
作為考試項(xiàng)目教師,出于通過考試的目的,注意在文章中必要的連接也顯得尤其重要。在諸多北美考試的寫作評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中,都出現(xiàn)過與之相關(guān)的要求,比如
displays unity, progression, and coherence, though connection of ideas may be occasionally obscured
develops and organizes ideas satisfactorily but may notconnect them with transitions
is limited in its organization or focus, or may demonstrate some lapses in coherence or progression of ideas
各種考試中不約而同的出現(xiàn)對(duì)于coherence,connection,transitions等概念的要求,而且這部分做的不到位都會(huì)影響考試寫作部分的成績(jī),其重要性可見一斑。上面三個(gè)詞的翻譯為連貫性,連接和過渡,而connection和transitions在這里可以被理解為同義詞,筆者認(rèn)為就是達(dá)到coherence這一目的的重要手段之一。
那么到底甚么是Transitions呢?在GRE考試中又被稱作Transitional devices,連接元件。筆者嘗試對(duì)之做出定義:Transitions是出現(xiàn)在文章中的一種詞,短語甚至句子,其目的是用來表明它前后兩部分之間的邏輯關(guān)系的,它的用處是能夠幫助讀者自然地從作者的一個(gè)idea轉(zhuǎn)移到下一個(gè)idea,使用的結(jié)果可以使文章的邏輯性更強(qiáng),更加連貫。打個(gè)比方來說,它很像道路上引導(dǎo)旅者的標(biāo)志牌。之所以說前后兩部分,是因?yàn)門ransitions的前后可能是兩個(gè)段落,兩句話,甚至兩個(gè)單詞,它們彼此之間都會(huì)存在各種各樣的邏輯關(guān)系,比如
Addition: and, in addition, additionally, one, another, first of all, secondly, furthermore, moreover
Time: then, after, before, since, once, until, meanwhile, now, during
Space: next to, across, above, below, nearby
Change-of-direction: but, yet, however, otherwise, nevertheless, although, in contrast, on the contrary
Conclusion: because, so, therefore, as a result, consequently, thus, in summary, conclude
其實(shí)還有很多其他關(guān)系,其他的詞,這幾種是比較常見的。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)這種transitions的出現(xiàn)方式非常多樣,包含了很多詞性:連詞,介詞,副詞,動(dòng)詞等等,還有很多短語,所以把它稱之為Transitional devices是非常恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?/p>
針對(duì)Transitional devices前后可以是段落,句子以及單詞,我們分別舉幾個(gè)例子:
Among paragraphs:
In the first place, human always like exploring the world around, especially mysterious fields
Besides humans curiosity, to explore dangerous fields draws them away from daily routine and boredom.
Finally, although these dangerous activities may not bring us any material reward, they bring forth a lot of psychological benefits.
這是一篇托福作文的三個(gè)中間段的topic sentence,可以看出三段分別論證了人類參加危險(xiǎn)運(yùn)動(dòng)的三條理由,彼此之間的并列關(guān)系,是通過In the first place, Besides,F(xiàn)inally這三個(gè)Transitional devices來體現(xiàn)的