2023年英語四級翻譯備考課堂筆記（10）
1. It is time ________________ .
2. In the sports meeting, _______________ .
3. _________________ ，they enjoy true happiness.
4.The teacher always told us that ________________.
5. Since the examination is around the corner，________________.
答案與解析:
1. the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
本題考點有兩個。第一，考查是......的時候了的用法。翻譯成英語可以說：It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一種虛擬語氣句型。謂語部分要用過去時態。第二，有關當局應譯成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是有關的，有牽連的，常用于名詞后面，修飾該名詞。concerning的意思是關于，通常不作后置定語。
2. he substituted for the injured player
替換某人要用substitute for sb.，盡管漢語中只說替換，翻譯時要補上介詞for，以符合英語的要求。替換還有displace，replace，swap，take theplace of，instead of等說法。這些表達之間有微妙的差別，考生要注意區分。substitute 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意為用A代替B;
replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意為用B代替A。
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
Despite有盡管之意，看似連詞，實際上卻是介詞。相當于in spite of，一般后接名詞，如：Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.原句需填入部分是一個單句，因此要用despite the factthat...結構。讓步狀語從句還可以用although引導，即：Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
漢語里的所學的東西，在英語里可以由關系代詞what引導的賓語從句來表達。由于漢語語言的表達方式與英語不一樣，初學者在翻譯此類句子時往往按照漢語的順序，一字不漏地譯出來，卻不會使用what從句來代替。請看下例：我經常在想上次見到你時你所說的話。如果把這句話譯成I often think about the words you said last time we met就會太生硬、羅嗦。應該譯成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本題我們所學到的知識可以譯成what we learned。本題的另外一個考點是：將......運用于......可譯成apply...to...。
5. I am compelled to give up doing sports
around the corner不是指在拐角處，而是說某事即將來臨，這里可以翻譯成迫在眉睫。有的同學錯誤地將不得不做某事譯成decide to do sth.，這樣就無法準確傳遞出原文地感情色彩。由于考試迫在眉睫，所以我不得不放棄運動。這里是被迫放棄。而decide to do是主觀意志決定去做。不得不的說法在英文里有：have to，cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but，have no alternative but等。
1. It is time ________________ .
2. In the sports meeting, _______________ .
3. _________________ ，they enjoy true happiness.
4.The teacher always told us that ________________.
5. Since the examination is around the corner，________________.
答案與解析:
1. the authorities concerned took proper steps to solve the traffic problems
本題考點有兩個。第一，考查是......的時候了的用法。翻譯成英語可以說：It is time to dosomething或It is time that sb. didsomething.本句采用的是后一種虛擬語氣句型。謂語部分要用過去時態。第二，有關當局應譯成the authoritiesconcerned。Concerned的意思是有關的，有牽連的，常用于名詞后面，修飾該名詞。concerning的意思是關于，通常不作后置定語。
2. he substituted for the injured player
替換某人要用substitute for sb.，盡管漢語中只說替換，翻譯時要補上介詞for，以符合英語的要求。替換還有displace，replace，swap，take theplace of，instead of等說法。這些表達之間有微妙的差別，考生要注意區分。substitute 代替;取代; 代替品Nothing can substitute for the advice the doctor is able to give you.substitute的用法是：substitute A for B，意為用A代替B;
replace 的用法是：replace A with B，意為用B代替A。
3. Despite the fact that the old couple leads a very plain life
Despite有盡管之意，看似連詞，實際上卻是介詞。相當于in spite of，一般后接名詞，如：Despite thebad weather we enjoyed ourholiday.原句需填入部分是一個單句，因此要用despite the factthat...結構。讓步狀語從句還可以用although引導，即：Although the old couple leads a veryplain life.
4. we should apply what we learned to the practical work
漢語里的所學的東西，在英語里可以由關系代詞what引導的賓語從句來表達。由于漢語語言的表達方式與英語不一樣，初學者在翻譯此類句子時往往按照漢語的順序，一字不漏地譯出來，卻不會使用what從句來代替。請看下例：我經常在想上次見到你時你所說的話。如果把這句話譯成I often think about the words you said last time we met就會太生硬、羅嗦。應該譯成I often think about what you said last time we met. 本題我們所學到的知識可以譯成what we learned。本題的另外一個考點是：將......運用于......可譯成apply...to...。
5. I am compelled to give up doing sports
around the corner不是指在拐角處，而是說某事即將來臨，這里可以翻譯成迫在眉睫。有的同學錯誤地將不得不做某事譯成decide to do sth.，這樣就無法準確傳遞出原文地感情色彩。由于考試迫在眉睫，所以我不得不放棄運動。這里是被迫放棄。而decide to do是主觀意志決定去做。不得不的說法在英文里有：have to，cannot but，cannot help but，cannot choose but，have no alternative but等。
