2024屆高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)：Unit 3　Travel journal Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Thanks to the modern ________ (運輸) system, a large number of passengers could return home for the seven-day National Day holiday. 2．Many people prefer ____ (騎自行車) to driving to the work site. 3．The tight ________ (日程表) often keeps him busy all the time. 4．He is as ________ (固執(zhí)的) as a donkey. 5．What's your ________ (態(tài)度) towards this problem? 6．Do you know how much the ________ (車費) is? 7．________ (畢業(yè)生) from our school are working all over the country. 8．Experts have ________ (預(yù)測) a steady rise in the number of tourists. 9．His mother works in Pacific ________ (保險) Agency. 10．The manager thought he was a ________ (可靠的) person and told him all about the new plan. 答案：1.transport　2.cycling　3.schedule　4.stubborn　5.attitude　6.fare　7.Graduates　8.forecast　9.Insurance　10.reliable .完成句子 1．As far as I am concerned, the plan ____________________. (carry) 依我看，這項計劃難以實施。 2．At the moment, he preferred ____________________. (think) 此刻，他寧愿不考慮未來。 3．He doesn't seem ____________ the situation he is in.(care) 他似乎不在乎自己目前的處境。 4．____________________， I took the plane instead of driving my car.(wait) 由于迫不及待地要見到父親，我改乘飛機而沒有開車。 5．____________ is his personality, so you need not worry about him.(give) 從不屈服是他的個性，因此你沒必要為他擔心。 6．He insisted that he __________________________ and that he ______________.(do；set) 他堅持以為他沒有做錯任何事并且堅持要求釋放他。 7．____________________ ever since we met at school.(be) 自從在學(xué)校相遇后，我們一直是好朋友。 8．His father is a very stubborn person. Once he decides to do something, ____________ is impossible.(mind) 他的父親是一個很固執(zhí)的人。一旦他決定做什么事，改變他的主意是不可能的。 答案：1.is difficult to carry out　2.not to think about the future 3．to care about　4.Hardly/Not waiting to see my father 5．Never giving in　6.hadn't done anything wrong；(should) be set free　7.We've been good friends　8.changing his mind .作文練筆 先將下面幾個句子翻譯成英語，然后連成一段小短文。 1．Susan一直夢想著到麗江旅游。 2．她很愿意和好朋友瑪麗一起去。 3．盡管瑪麗很固執(zhí)，Susan還是決定去說服她。 4．最終瑪麗做出讓步，并同意和她一起去旅游。她們欣賞了那里美麗的風(fēng)景。 5．正是這次旅游改變了她的看法——瑪麗十分容易相處。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang and she preferred her friend, Mary, to go with her. Although Mary was stubborn, she determined to persuade her to travel together. Finally, Mary gave in and agreed to travel with her. They enjoyed the wonderful view there. It was the travel that changed Susan's mind that Mary was easy to get along with. 方法與思考 語法填空答題策略 1．純空格題：通常考冠詞、介詞、代詞和連詞等四類詞。 2．用括號中所給詞填空：通常考謂語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。 解題高招 1. 通讀全文，把握大意。 解題前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步非常重要。 2. 結(jié)合語境，試填空格。 ◆分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性(根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性) 確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式( 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系) 3. 重讀全文，解決難題。 在解題過程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過仔細推敲，難題也就不會再難了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復(fù)讀一遍。 具體來說，可按設(shè)題類型分為三類情況： 純空格題 首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。 1．缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞或名詞(多考代詞)。 典例 I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ________ gets there almost in a second.

　　解析：and連接前后兩個句子，and后面的句子缺主語，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞；結(jié)合前一分句，不難推知，“馬上可到達那里”的是the message，替代the message用代詞it。 2．名詞前是空格，若該名詞前沒有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞或some, any, other(s), another等限定詞。 典例 It is said that a short－tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960－1279) was very anxious to help ________ rice crop grow up quickly.

　　解析：名詞rice crop前還沒有限定詞，應(yīng)當填限定詞；根據(jù)句意，這個急性子人當然是急于使“他的”禾苗長得快，故填形容詞性物主代詞his。 3．名詞或代詞前面是空格，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語，也不作動詞的賓語時，很可能是填介詞。 典例 ...who should have the honour of receiving me ________ a guest in their house.

　　解析：因a guest在句中不作主語、表語、動詞的賓語，前面一定是填介詞，使其成為該介詞的賓語；又由句意可知，他們“把我當作客人”來接待，表示“當作”，用介詞as。 4. 若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞。 典例 ...all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me ________ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.

　　解析：因melted me和gave me兩個動賓短語之間沒有連詞，一定是填連詞；兩者是并列關(guān)系，故填and。 5．若兩句(一個主謂關(guān)系算一個句子)之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填連接詞。 典例 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ________ I was to return to Guangzhou. 解析：因I wanted to…是一個句子，I was to return…也是一個句子，這兩個句子之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填連詞；根據(jù)句意和兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，可知“參觀這個城市的盡可能多的地方”應(yīng)是在“返回廣州”之前，故填before。 6．若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可能是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞(do, does, did等)。 典例 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regular salary. 解析：這是一個由but連接的并列句，由前一分句的謂語動詞had是一般過去時可知，后一分句的謂語動詞bring也應(yīng)用一般過去時；可是，bring卻用的是原形，既與語境的時態(tài)不符，也與主語he不一致，該句不是倒裝句，因此，此處必定是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)的助動詞did；由句意和作者的語氣推測，應(yīng)當填對謂語動詞表示強調(diào)的助動詞did(的確)。 7．由特殊的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。 (1)由it is…that…強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填it還是that。 典例 …and ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn't eat MSG (味精)!

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強調(diào)句，應(yīng)填it。 (2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，還是填do, does, did等。 典例 ________ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 解析：由can you expect to…可知，這是倒裝句，根據(jù)構(gòu)成倒裝的條件可知，應(yīng)填副詞only，因為“only ＋狀語(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒裝。 (3)由it作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格處是否填it。如： 典例

　　Dating sites also make ________ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，to avoid…是真正的賓語，easy是賓補，空格處應(yīng)填作形式賓語的it。 (4)so /such…that…句型。如： 典例 This made the goat so jealous ________ it began plotting against (謀劃對付) the donkey. 解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是so…that…句型，應(yīng)填that。 (5)more…than… (與其說……不如說……，比……更……)句型。 典例 Cynthia's story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ________ how much he pays.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是more…than…句型，故填that。句意是與經(jīng)理所給的報酬相比，雇員更銘記于心的是他的關(guān)心。 給出了動詞的試題 首先，判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。然后按以下兩點進行思考。 1. 若句中沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞，就要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)。 典例 In Logan, three people ________ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

　　解析：因主語three people與take是被動關(guān)系，即三個人被送進醫(yī)院，故用被動語態(tài)；由were treated可知，要用一般過去時，故填were taken。 2．若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定用－ing形式、－ed形式，還是用不定式形式。 (1)作主語或賓語，通常用－ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體的情況。 典例 ________ (speak) out your inner feeling won't make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 解析：句中已有謂語won't make，所以speak應(yīng)為非謂語動詞；謂語前面應(yīng)為主語，作主語，表示一般情況，要用動名詞短語，故填Speaking。 (2)作目的狀語或者在形容詞后作狀語，一般用不定式。如： 典例1 ________ (complete) the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day.

　　解析：因句中已有謂語will have to work，所以complete應(yīng)為非謂語動詞；因“(為了)按計劃完成這項工程”是“我們每天不得不額外多工作兩小時”的目的，作目的狀語，用動詞不定式，故填To complete。 典例2

　　Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong－willed, are very likely ________ (succeed).

　　解析：因在形容詞likely后作狀語，要用動詞不定式，故填to succeed。 (3)作伴隨狀語，常用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。 典例1 He saw the stone, ________ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析：句中已有謂語saw，所給動詞與saw不是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)當是非謂語動詞；又因He與say是主動關(guān)系，故填saying作伴隨狀語。 典例2 The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有謂語went，而follow又不是與之并列的，故為非謂語動詞；又因the headmaster與follow是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語。 (4)不論非謂語動詞在句中作何種成分，若判斷需要用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系用－ing形式，是被動關(guān)系用－ed形式。 典例1 There will be a meeting, ________ (start) later this year to review the film.

　　解析：因a meeting與start是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，補充說明a meeting，故填starting。 典例2 Lessons ________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (廣東考試說明) 解析：因句中已有謂語can help，所以learn應(yīng)為非謂語動詞；又因lesson與learn是被動關(guān)系，要用過去分詞短語作定語，故填learned。 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題 根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。 1．作表語、定語或補語，通常用形容詞形式。如： 典例 In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to… 解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語，故填dangerous。 2．作主語，或在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語，在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(＋形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。 典例1 When China's ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. 解析：在時間狀語從句中，要求填的詞作主語，China's ancient scientific and technological是主語的定語；作主語要用名詞，又由are可知，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。 典例2 With the large numbers of students, the ________ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. 解析：在冠詞后，要用名詞，故填operation。 3．修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。如： 典例 There must be something ________ (serious) wrong with our society. 解析：要求填的詞修飾形容詞wrong，作狀語，用副詞，故填seriously。 4. 有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un－， im－等，在詞根后加－less等。如： 典例 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)． 解析：作表語要用形容詞；又由句意可知，作者是表達“沒有什么知識是無用的”，故填useless。 5．括號中所給詞為動詞時，也不一定是考動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)或非謂語動詞，而是考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換；若是形容詞或副詞，有可能是考查其比較等級。 典例1 But Jane knew from past experience that her ________ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析：括號中所給詞choose雖然是動詞，但在句中作主語，且在形容詞性物主代詞后，應(yīng)當填choose的名詞形式choice。 典例2 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ________ (hard) and finally made himself out.

　　解析：聯(lián)系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知這里用比較級，故填harder。

　　2024屆高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)：Unit 3　Travel journal Ⅰ.單詞拼寫 1．Thanks to the modern ________ (運輸) system, a large number of passengers could return home for the seven-day National Day holiday. 2．Many people prefer ____ (騎自行車) to driving to the work site. 3．The tight ________ (日程表) often keeps him busy all the time. 4．He is as ________ (固執(zhí)的) as a donkey. 5．What's your ________ (態(tài)度) towards this problem? 6．Do you know how much the ________ (車費) is? 7．________ (畢業(yè)生) from our school are working all over the country. 8．Experts have ________ (預(yù)測) a steady rise in the number of tourists. 9．His mother works in Pacific ________ (保險) Agency. 10．The manager thought he was a ________ (可靠的) person and told him all about the new plan. 答案：1.transport　2.cycling　3.schedule　4.stubborn　5.attitude　6.fare　7.Graduates　8.forecast　9.Insurance　10.reliable .完成句子 1．As far as I am concerned, the plan ____________________. (carry) 依我看，這項計劃難以實施。 2．At the moment, he preferred ____________________. (think) 此刻，他寧愿不考慮未來。 3．He doesn't seem ____________ the situation he is in.(care) 他似乎不在乎自己目前的處境。 4．____________________， I took the plane instead of driving my car.(wait) 由于迫不及待地要見到父親，我改乘飛機而沒有開車。 5．____________ is his personality, so you need not worry about him.(give) 從不屈服是他的個性，因此你沒必要為他擔心。 6．He insisted that he __________________________ and that he ______________.(do；set) 他堅持以為他沒有做錯任何事并且堅持要求釋放他。 7．____________________ ever since we met at school.(be) 自從在學(xué)校相遇后，我們一直是好朋友。 8．His father is a very stubborn person. Once he decides to do something, ____________ is impossible.(mind) 他的父親是一個很固執(zhí)的人。一旦他決定做什么事，改變他的主意是不可能的。 答案：1.is difficult to carry out　2.not to think about the future 3．to care about　4.Hardly/Not waiting to see my father 5．Never giving in　6.hadn't done anything wrong；(should) be set free　7.We've been good friends　8.changing his mind .作文練筆 先將下面幾個句子翻譯成英語，然后連成一段小短文。 1．Susan一直夢想著到麗江旅游。 2．她很愿意和好朋友瑪麗一起去。 3．盡管瑪麗很固執(zhí)，Susan還是決定去說服她。 4．最終瑪麗做出讓步，并同意和她一起去旅游。她們欣賞了那里美麗的風(fēng)景。 5．正是這次旅游改變了她的看法——瑪麗十分容易相處。 ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案： Susan had been dreaming about travelling to Lijiang and she preferred her friend, Mary, to go with her. Although Mary was stubborn, she determined to persuade her to travel together. Finally, Mary gave in and agreed to travel with her. They enjoyed the wonderful view there. It was the travel that changed Susan's mind that Mary was easy to get along with. 方法與思考 語法填空答題策略 1．純空格題：通?？脊谠~、介詞、代詞和連詞等四類詞。 2．用括號中所給詞填空：通?？贾^語動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等。 解題高招 1. 通讀全文，把握大意。 解題前，應(yīng)快速瀏覽短文，把握全文大意，這一步非常重要。 2. 結(jié)合語境，試填空格。 ◆分析思考空格所缺單詞的詞性(根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)的完整性) 確定具體要填的單詞和所給詞的正確形式( 根據(jù)句子的結(jié)構(gòu)和意義，及句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系) 3. 重讀全文，解決難題。 在解題過程中要先易后難，難題在大部分空格填好后，再經(jīng)過仔細推敲，難題也就不會再難了。所有空格填好后，把整篇文章從頭至尾復(fù)讀一遍。 具體來說，可按設(shè)題類型分為三類情況： 純空格題 首先，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)確定填哪類詞。然后，根據(jù)句子的意思，確定具體填什么詞；根據(jù)兩句間的邏輯關(guān)系確定具體用哪個連詞。 1．缺主語或賓語，一定是填代詞或名詞(多考代詞)。 典例 I can send a message to Kenya whenever I want to, and ________ gets there almost in a second.

　　解析：and連接前后兩個句子，and后面的句子缺主語，應(yīng)填名詞或代詞；結(jié)合前一分句，不難推知，“馬上可到達那里”的是the message，替代the message用代詞it。 2．名詞前是空格，若該名詞前沒有限定詞，很可能是填冠詞或some, any, other(s), another等限定詞。 典例 It is said that a short－tempered man in the Song Dynasty (960－1279) was very anxious to help ________ rice crop grow up quickly.

　　解析：名詞rice crop前還沒有限定詞，應(yīng)當填限定詞；根據(jù)句意，這個急性子人當然是急于使“他的”禾苗長得快，故填形容詞性物主代詞his。 3．名詞或代詞前面是空格，而該名詞或代詞在句中不作主語、表語，也不作動詞的賓語時，很可能是填介詞。 典例 ...who should have the honour of receiving me ________ a guest in their house.

　　解析：因a guest在句中不作主語、表語、動詞的賓語，前面一定是填介詞，使其成為該介詞的賓語；又由句意可知，他們“把我當作客人”來接待，表示“當作”，用介詞as。 4. 若兩個或幾個單詞或短語之間沒有連詞，可能是填連詞。 典例 ...all I saw was this beautiful girl, whose smile just melted me ________ almost instantly gave me a completely new sense of what life is all about.

　　解析：因melted me和gave me兩個動賓短語之間沒有連詞，一定是填連詞；兩者是并列關(guān)系，故填and。 5．若兩句(一個主謂關(guān)系算一個句子)之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填連接詞。 典例 I wanted to see as much of the city as possible in the two days ________ I was to return to Guangzhou. 解析：因I wanted to…是一個句子，I was to return…也是一個句子，這兩個句子之間沒有連詞，也沒有分號或句號，一定是填連詞；根據(jù)句意和兩句之間的邏輯關(guān)系，可知“參觀這個城市的盡可能多的地方”應(yīng)是在“返回廣州”之前，故填before。 6．若結(jié)構(gòu)較完整，空格后的謂語動詞是原形，特別是與上下文時態(tài)不一致或主謂不一致時，很可能是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)或倒裝的助動詞(do, does, did等)。 典例 He had no time or energy to play with his children or talk with his wife, but he ________ bring home a regular salary. 解析：這是一個由but連接的并列句，由前一分句的謂語動詞had是一般過去時可知，后一分句的謂語動詞bring也應(yīng)用一般過去時；可是，bring卻用的是原形，既與語境的時態(tài)不符，也與主語he不一致，該句不是倒裝句，因此，此處必定是填情態(tài)動詞或表示強調(diào)的助動詞did；由句意和作者的語氣推測，應(yīng)當填對謂語動詞表示強調(diào)的助動詞did(的確)。 7．由特殊的句式結(jié)構(gòu)來判斷空格應(yīng)填的詞。 (1)由it is…that…強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)形式，判斷填it還是that。 典例 …and ________ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn't eat MSG (味精)!

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強調(diào)句，應(yīng)填it。 (2)由倒裝句式判斷，是填構(gòu)成倒裝的條件的only, so, neither, nor, never, hardly, seldom, not, until, had等，還是填do, does, did等。 典例 ________ with hard work can you expect to get pay rise. 解析：由can you expect to…可知，這是倒裝句，根據(jù)構(gòu)成倒裝的條件可知，應(yīng)填副詞only，因為“only ＋狀語(with hard work)”放在句首，句子要用倒裝。 (3)由it作形式主語或形式賓語的句式判斷，空格處是否填it。如： 典例

　　Dating sites also make ________ easy to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，to avoid…是真正的賓語，easy是賓補，空格處應(yīng)填作形式賓語的it。 (4)so /such…that…句型。如： 典例 This made the goat so jealous ________ it began plotting against (謀劃對付) the donkey. 解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是so…that…句型，應(yīng)填that。 (5)more…than… (與其說……不如說……，比……更……)句型。 典例 Cynthia's story shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares ________ how much he pays.

　　解析：由句式結(jié)構(gòu)可知，這是more…than…句型，故填that。句意是與經(jīng)理所給的報酬相比，雇員更銘記于心的是他的關(guān)心。 給出了動詞的試題 首先，判斷要填的動詞是謂語動詞還是非謂語動詞。然后按以下兩點進行思考。 1. 若句中沒有別的謂語動詞，或者雖然已有謂語動詞，但需填的動詞與之是并列關(guān)系時，所給動詞就是謂語動詞；若是謂語動詞，就要考慮時態(tài)語態(tài)。 典例 In Logan, three people ________ (take) to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic.

　　解析：因主語three people與take是被動關(guān)系，即三個人被送進醫(yī)院，故用被動語態(tài)；由were treated可知，要用一般過去時，故填were taken。 2．若句中已有謂語動詞，又不是并列謂語時，所給動詞就是非謂語動詞。若是非謂語動詞就要確定用－ing形式、－ed形式，還是用不定式形式。 (1)作主語或賓語，通常用－ing形式表示習(xí)慣或一般情況，用不定式表示具體的情況。 典例 ________ (speak) out your inner feeling won't make you feel ashamed, on the contrary… 解析：句中已有謂語won't make，所以speak應(yīng)為非謂語動詞；謂語前面應(yīng)為主語，作主語，表示一般情況，要用動名詞短語，故填Speaking。 (2)作目的狀語或者在形容詞后作狀語，一般用不定式。如： 典例1 ________ (complete) the project as planned, we'll have to work two more hours a day.

　　解析：因句中已有謂語will have to work，所以complete應(yīng)為非謂語動詞；因“(為了)按計劃完成這項工程”是“我們每天不得不額外多工作兩小時”的目的，作目的狀語，用動詞不定式，故填To complete。 典例2

　　Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong－willed, are very likely ________ (succeed).

　　解析：因在形容詞likely后作狀語，要用動詞不定式，故填to succeed。 (3)作伴隨狀語，常用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞，是被動關(guān)系，用過去分詞。 典例1 He saw the stone, ________ (say) to himself: “The night will be very dark.” 解析：句中已有謂語saw，所給動詞與saw不是并列關(guān)系，應(yīng)當是非謂語動詞；又因He與say是主動關(guān)系，故填saying作伴隨狀語。 典例2 The headmaster went into the lab, ________ (follow) by the foreign guests. 解析：句中已有謂語went，而follow又不是與之并列的，故為非謂語動詞；又因the headmaster與follow是被動關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作伴隨狀語。 (4)不論非謂語動詞在句中作何種成分，若判斷需要用分詞，與邏輯主語是主動關(guān)系用－ing形式，是被動關(guān)系用－ed形式。 典例1 There will be a meeting, ________ (start) later this year to review the film.

　　解析：因a meeting與start是主動關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞短語作定語，補充說明a meeting，故填starting。 典例2 Lessons ________ (learn) in sports can help us in our dealing with other people. (廣東考試說明) 解析：因句中已有謂語can help，所以learn應(yīng)為非謂語動詞；又因lesson與learn是被動關(guān)系，要用過去分詞短語作定語，故填learned。 詞類轉(zhuǎn)換題 根據(jù)該詞在句子所作句子成分確定用哪種形式。 1．作表語、定語或補語，通常用形容詞形式。如： 典例 In a ________ (danger) part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand, they learnt to… 解析：在冠詞與名詞之間，要用形容詞，作定語，故填dangerous。 2．作主語，或在及物動詞或介詞后作賓語，在形容詞性物主代詞后，或者在“冠詞(＋形容詞)”后，用名詞形式。 典例1 When China's ancient scientific and technological ________ (achieve) are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions. 解析：在時間狀語從句中，要求填的詞作主語，China's ancient scientific and technological是主語的定語；作主語要用名詞，又由are可知，主語是復(fù)數(shù)，故填achievements。 典例2 With the large numbers of students, the ________ (operate) of the system does involve a certain amount of activity. 解析：在冠詞后，要用名詞，故填operation。 3．修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞，或整個句子，作狀語，用副詞形式。如： 典例 There must be something ________ (serious) wrong with our society. 解析：要求填的詞修飾形容詞wrong，作狀語，用副詞，故填seriously。 4. 有可能是詞義轉(zhuǎn)換題，詞類不一定要變，主要是考查具有與詞根意義相反的派生詞，需根據(jù)句子意思及前后邏輯關(guān)系，在詞根前加un－， im－等，在詞根后加－less等。如： 典例 People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ (use)． 解析：作表語要用形容詞；又由句意可知，作者是表達“沒有什么知識是無用的”，故填useless。 5．括號中所給詞為動詞時，也不一定是考動詞的時態(tài)語態(tài)或非謂語動詞，而是考詞類轉(zhuǎn)換；若是形容詞或副詞，有可能是考查其比較等級。 典例1 But Jane knew from past experience that her ________ (choose) of ties hardly ever pleased her father. 解析：括號中所給詞choose雖然是動詞，但在句中作主語，且在形容詞性物主代詞后，應(yīng)當填choose的名詞形式choice。 典例2 The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could…He jumped even ________ (hard) and finally made himself out.

　　解析：聯(lián)系前句，又有even(更加)的提示，可知這里用比較級，故填harder。