2024年高考沖刺總復(fù)習(xí):第1模塊-語法填空專題課件(湖南專用)
專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 7.He told us ________ he had done.
A.that all
B.a(chǎn)ll what
C.a(chǎn)ll which
D.what all 【解析】
B 句意:他把所做的事告訴了我們所有人。all 是us 的同位語,其后的 what 引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 8.Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true ________ it comes to classroom tests. A.a(chǎn)s
B.since
C.when
D.a(chǎn)fter
【解析】
C 句意:做作業(yè)是提高考分的一個可靠方法,這在涉及課堂測驗時尤其正確。when it comes to…是固定句型,意為“當(dāng)談到……時;涉及”。
專題八 │ 真題典例 4.[2010·湖南卷] Listening to loud music at rock concerts ________caused hearing loss in some teenagers. A.is
B.a(chǎn)re
C.has
D.have 【解析】
C 動名詞短語作主語,句子的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式,由此排除B、D兩項,根據(jù)主語與caused是主動關(guān)系,排除A項。 專題八 │ 真題典例 5.[2010·四川卷] Such poets as Shakespeare ____widely read, of whose works, however, some _____difficult to understand. A.a(chǎn)re; are
B.is; is
C.a(chǎn)re; is
D.is; are 【解析】
A 主句中的主語應(yīng)為poets,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),其后的非限制性定語從句的主語應(yīng)為some of whose works,謂語動詞也應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。 專題八 │ 真題典例 5.[2010·四川卷] Such poets as Shakespeare ____widely read, of whose works, however, some _____difficult to understand. A.a(chǎn)re; are
B.is; is
C.a(chǎn)re; is
D.is; are 【解析】
A 主句中的主語應(yīng)為poets,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù),其后的非限制性定語從句的主語應(yīng)為some of whose works,謂語動詞也應(yīng)是復(fù)數(shù)。故選A。 新題預(yù)測 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 1.—Have all of you listened to the speech?
—Yeah. Every boy and every girl in the area ________
invited.
A.were
B.have been
C.has been
D.was 【解析】
D 由and連接的主語如果由every修飾時, 其謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。句子表述的內(nèi)容僅僅是過去情況,所以用一般過去時態(tài)。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 2.The most impressive sight in China, one of the wonders of the world, ________ the Great Wall.
A.is
B.a(chǎn)re
C.was
D.were 【解析】
A 句子的主語是one of the wonders of the world, 并且句子表述的是一種客觀事實,所以謂語動詞要用is。
專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 3.Butter and bread ________their daily food, but the bread and the butter ________ up now.
A.is; is eaten
B.a(chǎn)re; have been eaten C.a(chǎn)re; are eaten
D.is; have been eaten 【解析】
D butter and bread表示同一概念“黃油面包”,謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式。the bread and the butter指面包和黃油,故謂語用復(fù)數(shù)。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 4.The number of people invited ________ fifty, but a number of them ________ absent for different reasons.
A.were; was
B.was; were
C.was; was
D.were; were 【解析】
B the number of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用單數(shù)形式;而a number of+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù),謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 5.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A.is washing away
B.is being washed away C.a(chǎn)re washing away D.a(chǎn)re being washed away 【解析】 D 當(dāng)主語是quantities of+n.時,謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 6.The League secretary and monitor ________ asked to make a speech at the meeting ________ yesterday. A.is; to hold
B.was; held
C.a(chǎn)re; to be held
D.were; held 【解析】 B the League secretary and monitor表示同一概念,謂語動詞用第三人稱單數(shù)形式,同時由于the meeting已經(jīng)舉行了,所以用過去分詞作定語。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 7.A certain number of tourists ________ complaining about the high accommodation price during the last month.
A.is
B.a(chǎn)re
C.has been
D.have been 【解析】
D 句子的主語由a number of修飾,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式,并且由“during the last month”可知應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時,故選D。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 8.The exercises are extremely difficult, but half of the class ________ them ahead of time.
A.has already finished
B.will finish C.have already finished
D.finishes 【解析】 C 集體名詞class在這表示其中一個個成員,謂語動詞應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)形式。
專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 9.Life ________ filled with good things and we should enjoy them, and that includes the lovely snow that sometimes ________ Shanghai. A.was; fell on
B.a(chǎn)re; fall on
C.is; falls on
D.were; fell on
【解析】
C life是抽象名詞,snow屬于物質(zhì)名詞,都應(yīng)該用第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 專題八 │ 新題預(yù)測 10.—Why does the river smell terrible? —Because large quantities of water________. A.have polluted
B.is being polluted C.has been polluted
D.have been polluted 【解析】
D quantities of+n.詞時,謂語動詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 專題九
復(fù)合句 專題九 復(fù)合句 專題導(dǎo)讀 專題九 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
所謂復(fù)合句,即指含有定語從句、名詞性從句或狀語從句的句子。這三種從句是湖南高考的必考點。
1.定語從句側(cè)重考查:引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞(that, which,who, whom, whose, as)和關(guān)系副詞(when, where, why)的基本用法;關(guān)系代詞的省略;“介詞+whom/which”結(jié)構(gòu);易混易錯的特殊定語從句的用法等。
2.名詞性從句側(cè)重考查:引導(dǎo)詞的正確選用;名詞性從句的語序;it作形式主語、形式賓語的用法;同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別以及名詞性從句中的虛擬語氣等。 專題九 │ 專題導(dǎo)讀
3.狀語從句側(cè)重考查:考查同類狀語從句中近似連接詞的用法差異;whatever,whenever,wherever等與no matter wh-的辨析;不同性質(zhì)的從屬連詞在不同的語境中所表現(xiàn)的不同意義,例如as既能引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句,又能引導(dǎo)原因狀語從句和讓步狀語從句等。
解題小技巧
1.分析整個句子的結(jié)構(gòu),弄清從句的種類,即是哪一種從句。
2.分析從句的句子成分,把握引導(dǎo)詞在從句中的作用,即是否充當(dāng)句子成分,充當(dāng)什么句子成分。
3.分析語境,結(jié)合句子的邏輯意義做出正確判斷。 真題典例 專題九 │ 真題典例 1.[2011·湖南卷] Julie was good at German, French and Russian, all of ________ she spoke fluently. A.who
B.whom
C.which
D.that
【解析】
C 考查定語從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,“all of ________”引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,修飾指代物的“German, French and Russian”,故排除A、B兩項,that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句,故只能選C。 專題九 │ 真題典例 2.[2011·浙江卷] A bank is the place ________ they lend you an umbrella in fair weather and ask for it back when it begins to rain.
A.when
B.that
C.where
D.there 【解析】
C 考查定語從句。句意:銀行是晴天時給你雨傘,下雨時收回雨傘的地方。由于從句結(jié)構(gòu)完整,不缺少句子成分,所以先行詞the place在從句中要充當(dāng)?shù)攸c狀語,故使用關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語從句。 專題九 │ 真題典例 3.[2011·江西卷]
She showed the visitors around the museum, the construction ________ had taken more than three years. A.for which
B.with which
C.of which
D.to which 【解析】
C 考查定語從句。句意:她帶領(lǐng)游客參觀了博物館,這座博物館的建造工程花費了三年多的時間。先行詞為museum,of which在從句中充當(dāng)后置定語,修飾the construction。 專題九 │ 真題典例 4. [2011·湖南卷]
Before a problem can be solved, it must be obvious ________ the problem itself is. A.what
B.that
C.which
D.why
【解析】
A 考查名詞性從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,句中的it作形式主語,指代該空引導(dǎo)的主語從句。根據(jù)該空在主語從句中作is的表語可判斷選A。that在名詞性從句中不作成分,why在名詞性從句中作狀語,故均排除。 專題九 │ 真題典例 5.[2011·遼寧卷] When the news came ________ the war broke out, he decided to serve in the army. A.since
B.which
C.that
D.because 【解析】
C
考查名詞性從句。句意:當(dāng)戰(zhàn)爭爆發(fā)的消息傳來時,他決定去服兵役?!啊?the war broke out”作the news的同位語從句,解釋其具體的內(nèi)容,從句不缺少成分,所以選擇不充當(dāng)任何成分又沒有任何含義的that引導(dǎo)。故選C。 專題九 │ 真題典例 6.[2011·江蘇卷]
It was never clear ________ the man hadn’t reported the accident sooner. A.that
B.how
C.when
D.why 【解析】
D 考查名詞性從句。句意:不知道為什么那個男的沒有很快上報那次事故。該句中it作形式主語,why引導(dǎo)的句子作真正的主語。 專題九 │ 真題典例 7. [2011·湖南卷] Jack wasn’t saying anything, but the teacher smiled at him ________ he had done something very clever. A.a(chǎn)s if
B.in case
C.while
D.though
【解析】
A 考查狀語從句。句意:杰克當(dāng)時什么也沒說,但老師沖著他微笑,好像他做了什么非常明智的事情一樣。根據(jù)句意可判斷選A。 專題九 │ 真題典例 8.[2011·重慶卷] To show our respect, we usually have to take our gloves off________we are to shake hands with. A.whichever
B.whenever C.whoever
D.wherever 【解析】
C 句意:為了表示我們的敬意,無論我們與誰握手,通常都要摘掉手套。設(shè)空處后we are to shake hands with缺賓語,故排除B、D;shake hands with賓語為人,排除A。故選C。
專題九 │ 真題典例 9.[2011·四川卷] As it reported, it is 100 years _____Qinghua University was founded.
A.when
B.before
C.a(chǎn)fter
D.since 【解析】 D 考查狀語從句?!癷t is/has been+一段時間+ since+過去時”意為“自從……以來有多長時間了?!?專題九 │ 真題典例 10.[2011·江西卷] Please call my secretary to arrange a meeting this afternoon, or ________ it is convenient to you. A.whenever
B.however
C.Whichever
D.wherever 【解析】 A 考查狀語從句。句意:請今天下午或者在任何你方便的時候打電話給我的秘書安排會議。空格在后句中充當(dāng)狀語,根據(jù)語境可知是指時間。whenever無論何時;however無論如何; whichever無論哪一個; wherever 無論哪里。故選A。 新題預(yù)測 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 1.Young people who have got jobs may realize university lessons can’t be the only preparation for all of the situations ________ appear in the working world.
A.where
B.when
C.that
D.why
【解析】
C 句意:找到工作的年輕人也許會意識到大學(xué)的功課不足以應(yīng)對工作中的所有情況??疾槎ㄕZ從句用法。先行詞是the situations,代入定語從句后為:The situations appear in the working world.由此可見先行詞在定語從句中作主語,故用that/which,且不可省略。 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 2.The famous scientist, ______a dinner party will be held tonight, is to arrive soon. A.in honour of him
B.in his honour
C.in whose honour
D.in which honour 【解析】
C 句意:那位著名的科學(xué)家很快就要到了,為了表示對他的敬意今晚要舉行一個宴會。 in one’s honour“為了紀念……,為了向……表示敬意”,whose引導(dǎo)定語從句作定語修飾scientist。 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 3.Mrs. Black took the police back to the same place ________ she witnessed the robbery. A.a(chǎn)s
B.where
C.that
D.when 【解析】
B 句意:布萊克夫人把警察帶回到她目擊了搶劫案的那個地方。the same place后的從句為定語從句,表地點時用where來引導(dǎo),且在句中作狀語,as和that均為關(guān)系代詞,故選B。 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 4.____is known to us all that the old scientist, for
____life was hard in the past, still works hard in his eighties. A.It;whom
B.As;whom
C.As;whose
D.What;whom 【解析】
A
句意:我們都知道,那位老科學(xué)家八十多歲的時候還在工作,對他來說過去的生活是艱苦的。it是形式主語,that從句是真正的主語;第二空whom引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾the old scientist。 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 5.________the old man’s sons wanted to know was ________ the gold had been hidden.
A.That; what
B.What; where
C.What; that
D.What; if 【解析】
B what引導(dǎo)主語從句,what在從句中作賓語;where引導(dǎo)表語從句。 專題九 │ 新題預(yù)測 6.Living things are dying out quickly. First, we should ask________ destroying them in the past years. A.what part people have been playing
B.people have played in C.what part people have played in
D.people have been playing what part 【解析】
C 賓語從句應(yīng)用陳述語序,play a part in意為“在……中扮演角色/起作用”。 專題六 │ 新題預(yù)測 7.—Miss Wang, I will fetch four chairs for the meeting.
—You________ fetch four; two will do.
A.shouldn’t
B.mustn’t
C.needn’t
D.can’t
【解析】
C shouldn’t不應(yīng)該; mustn’t禁止,不可以;needn’t沒必要;can’t不能。根據(jù)語境選C。 專題六 │ 新題預(yù)測 8.My brother ________ come to your party tonight because he ________ prepare for tomorrow’s exam.
A.can’t; should
B.mustn’t; can
C.can’t ; must
D.mustn’t; had to 【解析】
C 第一空表示“不能”, 因此用can’t;第二空表示“必須”,因此用must。D有一定干擾性,had to用的是一般過去時,顯然不合題意。 專題六 │ 新題預(yù)測 9.English is a language that many people around the world________ not speak perfectly but ________ at least understand.
A.would; might
B.will; must
C.might; could
D.can; may
【解析】 C 第一空用might表示推測,may/might not意為“可能不”;第二空用could表示能力。 專題六 │ 新題預(yù)測 10.I was really anxious about you. You ________home without a word. A.mustn’t leave
B.shouldn’t have left
C.couldn’t have left
D.needn’t leave 【解析】
B 從I was really anxious about you知道,對方已經(jīng)外出回來了,因此說話人責(zé)備對方不應(yīng)該這么做。 專題七