專題導(dǎo)讀 專題二│ 專題導(dǎo)讀 說明文是對事物的特征、本質(zhì)、性能、狀態(tài)，或事物的發(fā)生、發(fā)展、結(jié)果、用途、原理等進(jìn)行介紹、解釋、說明的一種文體。其語言特點(diǎn)有： 1．多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎f明文通常是對客觀事物或事理的一種介紹與解釋。 2．采用客觀描述。說明文一般是對客觀存在的說明與介紹，因此，語言的表述也應(yīng)該盡可能地給人以客觀可信的感覺。 專題二│ 專題導(dǎo)讀 分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)是答題過程中很關(guān)鍵的一步。做題時(shí)，首先確定句子的主謂賓成分，看看該句子缺不缺謂語動(dòng)詞，然后再考慮非謂語動(dòng)詞或者其他成分。此時(shí)，要借助上下文的暗示或明示，確定需要填入詞語的詞性、形式和功能等。 典例導(dǎo)練 專題二│ 典例導(dǎo)練 [2010·廣東省廣州重點(diǎn)中學(xué)六校聯(lián)考] 　 The air we breathe is freely available, without which we could not survive more than a few minutes. For the most part, air is available to everyone, and everyone 1.________ (need) it. Some people use the air to sustain them while 2.________(seat) around and feel sorry for themselves. 3.________ breathe in the air and use the energy it provides to make 4.________ magnificent life. Opportunity 專題二│ 典例導(dǎo)練 is 5.________ same way; it is everywhere. It is 6.________freely available that we take it for granted. Yet opportunity alone is not enough to create success; it 7.________ (seize) and acted upon in order to have value. So many people are so anxious to “get in” on a “ground floor opportunity”， as if the opportunity will do all the work that’s 8.________(possible). Just as you

　　專題二│ 典例導(dǎo)練 need air to breathe, you need opportunity to succeed. It takes more than just breathing in the fresh air of opportunity, 9.________. You must make use of it. That’s not up to the opportunity, that’s up to you. It doesn’t matter what “floor” the opportunity is on, but 10.________ matters is what you do with it. 專題二 │ 典例導(dǎo)練 參考答案： 1．needs　考查主謂一致， everyone后用第三人稱單數(shù)的謂語動(dòng)詞。 2．seated　過去分詞作伴隨狀語， 相當(dāng)于“while they are seated”。 3．Others　句型：some…others… 4．a(chǎn)　一種奇妙的生活。 5．the

　　此處意為：機(jī)會(huì)也是如此。 專題二 │ 典例導(dǎo)練 6．so　句型：so…that… 7．must be seized　依據(jù)上下文的理解， “有機(jī)遇必須抓住， 你才能成功。” 8．impossible　依據(jù)上下文和構(gòu)詞法， 此處應(yīng)為“不可能”， 故用“impossible”。 9．however/though　插入語， 意為“然而”。 10．what　引導(dǎo)主語從句。

　　專題預(yù)測 專題二│ 專題預(yù)測 Languages are always changing. The English of today is very different from 1.________ of 500 years ago. In time, some languages become more important and 2.________ less important. Some even die 3.________ completely. If a language has a large number of speakers, or if it is very old, 4.________ may be differences 5.________ the way it is spoken in different areas. That is, the language

　　專題二│ 專題預(yù)測

　　may have several dialects. Chinese is a good example of dialect differences. Chinese 6.________ (speak) for thousands of years by many millions of speakers. The differences between the dialects of Chinese are 7.________ great that speakers of Chinese from some parts of China cannot understand each other. There are other kinds of dialects. In some languages 專題二│ 專題預(yù)測 we find words or expressions and even grammatical forms, 8.________ are used only by men and others used by women. What’s 9.________ (much), each generation uses its own expressions and grandparents and grandchildren may sometimes have difficulty 10.________(understand) each other.

　　專題二 │ 專題預(yù)測 參考答案 1．that　代替上文的the English。

　　2．others　句型“some…others…”， others后省略了become。 3．out　詞組die out, 意為“絕種”。 4．there　there be句型。 5．in　in the way以這種方式。 專題二 │ 專題預(yù)測 6．has been spoken　依據(jù)文章的理解應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 7．so　so…that…句型。 8．which　引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句， 修飾forms。 9．more　插入語：what’s more 更有甚者。 10．understanding　句型“have difficulty/trouble (in) doing something”。

　　專題三

　　議論文型語

　　法填空 專題三│ 議論文型語法填空 專題導(dǎo)讀 專題三│ 專題導(dǎo)讀 議論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見解或提出主張的說理性文章。議論文的目的不僅是客觀地解釋事物，還力圖說服讀者相信并接受某一觀點(diǎn)。 議論文有自己的語言特點(diǎn)，了解了文章整體意思后，要通過字里行間的意思推斷作者的觀點(diǎn)、意圖和立場(同意什么，反對什么，喜好什么，憎惡什么，主張什么等等)，這種理解直接決定你的填詞。仔細(xì)復(fù)讀全文，關(guān)注自己所填的詞語是否符合原意，從語意貫通、邏輯合理的角度，認(rèn)真復(fù)查答案的合理性和正確性。 典例導(dǎo)練 專題三│ 典例導(dǎo)練 [2010·廣東]

　　A young man，while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water.1.________water was sweet.He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder 2.________ had been his teacher.After a four-day journey，the young man 3.________(present) the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink，smiled 4.________(warm), and thanked his student very much 專題三│ 典例導(dǎo)練 for the sweet water.The young man went home 5.________a happy heart.

　　After the student left, the teacher let 6.________student taste the water. He spit it out,7.________(say) it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher, “Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like 8.________？”

　　專題三│ 典例導(dǎo)練 The teacher replied, “You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be 9.________(sweet)．” We understand this lesson best 10.________we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe or a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing. 專題三│ 典例導(dǎo)練 參考答案： 【文章大意】 本文講述的是一個(gè)中國寓言故事。 1．The　上文a spring of clear water為第一次提到water，下文緊接著第二次提到water，為特指。 2．who　who引導(dǎo)定語從句修飾限制an elder且作從句的主語。 3．presented　本句缺少謂語，由整篇文章知道時(shí)態(tài)為過去時(shí)。 4．warmly　修飾動(dòng)詞smile應(yīng)用副詞。 5．with　本處缺介詞，構(gòu)成介詞短語，并且表伴隨狀態(tài)。 專題三│ 典例導(dǎo)練 6．a(chǎn)nother　由student單數(shù)可知前面代詞應(yīng)指一個(gè)人，由下文“He asked his teacher”可知是另一個(gè)學(xué)生。 7．saying　整句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞spit，故此處應(yīng)填非謂語動(dòng)詞，又表伴隨狀態(tài)，用v-ing形式。 8．it　由上文“the water was awfal”可知：是問為什么假裝喜歡水，水為不可數(shù)名詞，由代詞it代替。 9．sweeter　用nothing與an act of kindness and love相對比。此題考查形容詞比較級。 10．that　由that引導(dǎo)從句作this lesson的同位語，此題考查從句的連詞選擇。 專題預(yù)測 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 　(一) Sometimes things that happen to you may seem horrible, painful, and unfair at first, but upon reflection, you will find that without overcoming them, you would 1.________ have realized your strength, willpower, or heart. Illness, injury, 2.________(lose) greatness, and stupidity all occur to test the limits of your soul. Without these small tests, whatever they may be, life 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 　3.________(be) like a smoothly paved road to nowhere. It would be safe and comfortable, but dull and 4.________(true) pointless. If someone hurts you, betrays you, or breaks your heart, forgive them, for they have helped you 5.________ (learn) about trust and the importance of being cautious 6.________ whom you open your heart.

　　專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 Make every day count, appreciate every moment and take from those moments everything that you possibly can, for you may never be able to experience 7.________ again. Talk to people that you have never talked to 8.________， and listen to what they have to say. You can make 9.________ you wish of your life. Create your own life, 10.________ live it with absolutely no regrets.

　　專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 參考答案： 　(一) 1．never/not　依據(jù)上下文的理解， 在此應(yīng)為否定。 2．lost　“丟面子”，相當(dāng)于“greatness that is lost”。 3．would be　虛擬語氣的考查。 4．truly　詞性轉(zhuǎn)換， true的副詞應(yīng)為truly, 注意拼寫。 5．(to) learn　help sb.(to) do sth.幫助某人做某事。 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 6．to　open your heart to sb.，故用to。 7．it　指代上文的everything。 8．before　依據(jù)上下文理解應(yīng)為before, 以前沒有談過話的人。 9．a(chǎn)nything　你可以對生活中的任何東西寄予希望。 10．a(chǎn)nd　句型：祈使句＋and＋其他成分。 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 (二) I think it is our duty to work, but the lazy man wastes his time, and his life is 1.________ no use to himself or to others. The man who is 2.________lazy to work is the man who is likely ready to beg or to steal. Everyone when he is young should learn some useful work. But it is not enough 3.________ one should learn some kind of work. He should work hard, and 4.________waste his 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 spare minutes. “Work while you work and play while you play” is as good a rule for young people 5.________ for old. There is no 6.________ aid to diligence than the habit of early rising, and this, like all other good 7.________is most easily formed in youth. There is an English saying “8.________ (lose) time never returns”. This means that everybody must be diligent, and must

　　專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 make good use of his time. One must study hard when he is young, so that he may succeed in his life and become useful to his country. I have never heard that those 9.________(be) diligent will become beggars, but lazy fellows will. 10.________， I should say that diligence is the mother of success. 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 參考答案： 　(二) 1．of　句型：be of no use/value/interest…， 可理解為be useless/valuable/interesting… 2．too　句型：too…to…， 此處意為“太懶而不做事”。 3．that　句型：It is…that… 4．never/not　此處意為“不能浪費(fèi)業(yè)余時(shí)間”。 5．a(chǎn)s　句型：as…as… 專題三│ 專題預(yù)測 6．better　此處意為“沒有更好的……”。 7．habits 8．Lost　過去分詞作定語， 意為“丟失的時(shí)間不再回來”。 9．being　現(xiàn)在分詞作定語。 10．Therefore/So　依據(jù)上下文可知為因果關(guān)系。 專題一　記敘文型語法填空 專題二　說明文型語法填空 專題三　議論文型語法填空 模塊２　語法填空

　　模塊２

　　語法填空 考綱解讀 模塊２│ 考綱解讀 語法填空是廣東省自行設(shè)計(jì)的一種新題型， 具有一定的創(chuàng)新意義。主要的創(chuàng)新在于：在語篇層面上考查語言知識(shí)， 符合新課標(biāo)倡導(dǎo)的語言學(xué)習(xí)理念；試題設(shè)計(jì)采用了填空方式， 而不是單項(xiàng)選擇， 真正激活了學(xué)生的語言知識(shí)及應(yīng)用能力， 對中學(xué)英語教學(xué)有較好的反饋?zhàn)饔茫豢荚噧?nèi)容不僅涉及句子的語法結(jié)構(gòu)， 還包括構(gòu)詞法、篇章連貫和意義對句子結(jié)構(gòu)的制約作用(比如：代詞的指稱涉及篇章的連貫等), 符合語言真實(shí)性的要求， 讓學(xué)生在更加真實(shí)的語境中運(yùn)用自己的語言知識(shí)。

　　命題分析 模塊２│ 命題分析 主要考查的知識(shí)點(diǎn)：一是語法，二是上下文的連貫性，而且語法是重點(diǎn)。它主要考查考生對高中英語大綱要求的基本語法知識(shí)、詞匯、習(xí)語和較為簡單的英語表達(dá)方式的掌握和邏輯推理能力等情況。其命題特點(diǎn)如下： 1．短文長度：在150—200詞左右，其中2007年高考題是197詞，2008年高考題是185詞，2009年高考題是220詞。2010年高考題是182詞。 模塊２│ 命題分析 2．考查篇章理解。語法填空是以短文為載體，考查語法的同時(shí)，也考查了考生對語篇的理解。 3．考查基礎(chǔ)語法。所填詞語既要意思連貫和邏輯正確(符合語境), 又要語法正確。重點(diǎn)考查動(dòng)詞、代詞、介詞、冠詞、詞類轉(zhuǎn)換等基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)。 4．命題形式： (1)給出提示詞題型：填實(shí)義詞——用括號里所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。主要提供的是動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞三大類，考生需要根據(jù)語境寫出正確的詞形，一般有3個(gè)小題。包括動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)、非謂語動(dòng)詞、形容詞和副詞的比較等級、名詞的單復(fù)數(shù)，以及詞類或詞義的轉(zhuǎn)換等。 模塊２│ 命題分析 (2)純空格題型：填功能詞——空后沒給詞，要求考生根據(jù)文意、上下文連貫性和行文邏輯，填入一個(gè)恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，包括代詞、介詞、限定詞 (冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞等)、連詞、時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)副詞等。這類題大約有7小題。

　　5．三年高考語法考點(diǎn)： 從考試說明的樣題和近兩年的高考題來看，實(shí)詞以動(dòng)詞、代詞、形容詞、副詞為主，其中動(dòng)詞又是重中之重；虛詞以介詞、冠詞為主。而句法方面主要考查復(fù)合句的引導(dǎo)詞，如定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句。 模塊２│ 命題分析 近三年語法填空題考點(diǎn)分布情況 考查知 識(shí)點(diǎn)分布 動(dòng)詞(含 非謂語) 形容詞、 副詞 連詞、 從句、 引導(dǎo)詞 介 詞 代 詞 冠 詞 名 詞 2008年 2個(gè) 2個(gè) 2個(gè) 2個(gè) 2個(gè) 0個(gè) 0個(gè) 2009年 3個(gè) 0個(gè) 1個(gè) 2個(gè) 2個(gè) 1個(gè) 1個(gè) 2010年 3個(gè) 2個(gè) 2個(gè) 1個(gè) 1個(gè) 1個(gè) 0個(gè) 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 模塊２│ 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 語法填空要求考生閱讀一篇短文， 然后按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求完成10道語法填空題。做題要求：一是在空格處填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~；二是使用括號中詞語的正確形式填空。此題的短文長度應(yīng)在200詞左右。學(xué)生在解答語法填空題時(shí)應(yīng)具備以下語法知識(shí)： 模塊２│ 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 一、語法填空的考查范圍： 1．語境(上下文)； 2．語法：動(dòng)詞(時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語形式)、名詞、代詞、冠詞、介詞。 固定搭配、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、復(fù)合句、形容詞和副詞的比較級最高級及構(gòu)詞法、倒裝等。 (1) 動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)、主謂一致、非謂語動(dòng)詞等知識(shí)。 (2) 引導(dǎo)詞：注意一些從句的使用， 如：定語從句、名詞性從句、狀語從句等。 模塊２│ 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 (3) 形容詞、副詞、名詞、動(dòng)詞之間的詞型、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換， 形容詞與副詞的比較級、最高級等知識(shí)。 (4) 介詞：一些常用介詞的基本用法、介詞短語和動(dòng)詞短語的用法。 (5) 名詞、冠詞：注意名詞的單、復(fù)數(shù)、可數(shù)、不可數(shù)以及冠詞的特殊性用法。 (6) 代詞：注意代詞所指代的對象和前后對應(yīng)的關(guān)系。 (7) 并列詞：and, so, or, otherwise等表示并列、對比， 以及表示承接、轉(zhuǎn)折的副詞therefore, however的用法。 模塊２│ 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 (8) 句型：要求歸納整理， 并且牢固掌握一些基本常用句型， 如： not…until…； not only…but (also)…； so…that…； not…but…； as…as…； either…or…；

　　more…than…； neither…nor…；

　　such…that…；

　　hardly…when…； no sooner…than…等。 二、語法填空的能力要求： 1．閱讀/理解語篇的能力 2．分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)的能力 3．熟練運(yùn)用語法的能力 4．單詞拼寫能力

　　模塊２│ 應(yīng)試點(diǎn)睛 專題一

　　記敘文型語

　　法填空 專題一 │ 記敘文型語法填空 專題導(dǎo)讀 專題一│ 專題導(dǎo)讀 記敘文體裁主要是記人、敘事、寫景、狀物一類的文章，是常見的文體，在語法填空篇章中，其語言特點(diǎn)有： 1．以一般過去時(shí)為主，其他時(shí)態(tài)為輔。合理使用豐富多彩的謂語動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，才使文章中所敘述的動(dòng)作具有層次感和立體感。 2．廣泛使用動(dòng)態(tài)動(dòng)詞。這些動(dòng)詞的存在會(huì)使文章充滿“動(dòng)感”，而這種讓往事歷歷在目的“動(dòng)感”正是優(yōu)秀的記敘文所要追求的效果。 專題一│ 專題導(dǎo)讀 考生不要讀一句就急于填答案，首先通讀文章，了解文段中談及的要點(diǎn)、發(fā)生的時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、人物及其關(guān)系等，要特別關(guān)注整篇文章的時(shí)態(tài)變換。 典例導(dǎo)練 專題一│ 典例導(dǎo)練 [2009 ·廣東] Jane was walking round the department store.She remembered how difficult 1.________ was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.She wished that he was as easy 2.________ (please)as her mother，who was always delighted with perfume. Besides，shopping at this time of the year was not 3.________ pleasant experience：people stepped on your feet or 4.________ (push)you with their elbows(肘部)，hurrying ahead to get to a bargain.

　　專題一│ 典例導(dǎo)練 Jane paused in front of a counter 5.________ some attractive ties were on display.“They are real silk，”the assistant tried to attract her.“Worth double the price.”But Jane knew from past experience that her 6.________ (choose)of ties hardly ever pleased her father. Jane stopped where a small crowd of men had gathered.She found some good quality pipes 7.________ sale.She did not hesitate for long：although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8.________. 專題一│ 典例導(dǎo)練 although her father smoked a pipe only once in a while, she knew that this was a present which was bound to please 8.________. 　 When Jane got home，with her small but well-chosen present in her bag，her parents were already 9.________ table having supper.Her mother was excited，“Your father has at last decided to stop smoking，”Jane 10.________ (inform)． 專題一 │ 典例導(dǎo)練

　　參考答案： 【文章大意】 本文講述Jane在圣誕節(jié)給父親選禮物，因往年送父親領(lǐng)帶不能使父親高興，滿以為這次買煙斗送父親會(huì)讓父親高興的，卻被告知父親終于戒煙了。 1．it　在賓語從句中作形式主語，真正的主語是to choose… 2．to please　在形容詞后作狀語，只能用動(dòng)詞不定式。 3．a(chǎn)　表示“一次”愉快的經(jīng)歷。 4．pushed　與stepped并列，也用一般過去時(shí)。 5．where　兩句之間沒有連詞；后句是定語從句，要填的詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語，故填關(guān)系副詞where。 專題一 │ 典例導(dǎo)練

　　6．choice　在形容詞性物主代詞后一定是用名詞形式。 7．on　on sale表示“出售”，是固定搭配。 8．him　給父親買禮物，根據(jù)常識(shí)應(yīng)是使父親高興，作賓語用代詞。please him使他高興。him在此指her father。 9．a(chǎn)t　名詞(table)在句中不作主語，也不作動(dòng)詞的賓語，很可能就是作介詞的賓語；由having supper可知，填at；因?yàn)閍t table表示“在餐桌邊，在進(jìn)餐”，也是習(xí)慣搭配。 10．was informed　因Jane與inform是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，又是一般過去時(shí)。 專題預(yù)測 專題一│ 專題預(yù)測 　(一) Two friends visited a zoo together, but the zoo was so large that it was impossible to go everywhere. They had to decide the place and which animals to visit as their time was limited. So both of them agreed not to retrace after 1.________(choose) a branch at every fork. A road sign at the first fork showed one way to the lion quarters and the other 2.________the tiger hill. They decided on the former after a brief 專題一│ 專題預(yù)測

　　3.________(discuss) because lions were “the king of the grassland”. The second showed a division going 4.________(separate) to the panda and peacock; they favored a panda as 5.________was the nation’s treasure. Thus they made choices all along the way and each choice meant 6.________ (give) up what they couldn’t help regretting. But they had to make it, and immediately, for it brooked no delay. If they hesitated they would miss more. Only a rapid one could offer more chances for sightseeing and 專題一 │ 專題預(yù)測