cannot live without it 雙重否定，相當(dāng)于肯定句。 ◆Man cannot live without water.

　　沒有水，人類就不能生存。 ◆Without the sun, nothing would grow.

　　沒有太陽(yáng)，就不會(huì)有生物。

　　◆It is hard to sleep without a cooler in this room. 沒有空氣調(diào)節(jié)器，在這間屋里很難入睡。

　　◆I just want an ordinary car without the frills. 我只要一輛沒有多余裝飾的普通汽車。

　　cannot; without 人和目的這二者是不能分開的。 You have purposes people. 1. B　考查固定句型。It's no use doing sth.做某事是白費(fèi)力氣。句意：不去行動(dòng)只是抱怨是沒有用的。 ? 1. It's no use ________ without taking action.(2011·上海)

　　A. complain

　　B. complaining

　　C. being complained

　　D. to be complained 2. A　本題考查動(dòng)詞在具體語境中的使用。句意：“你家里總是那么整潔——家里有3個(gè)孩子，你是怎么設(shè)法做到的？” 表示“設(shè)法做成某事”用manage it。serve 表示“為……服務(wù)；接待”；adapt 表示“使適應(yīng)，使適合”；construct表示“建造，構(gòu)筑；構(gòu)思”。 2. Your house is always so neat — how do you ________ it with three children？(2010·山東)

　　A. manage

　　B. serve

　　C. adapt

　　D. construct 如何增加亮點(diǎn)(Ⅱ) 7. 適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu) 非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)通常被認(rèn)為是一種高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，會(huì)給人熟練駕馭語言的印象。

　　[例]由于不知道她的地址，我沒法和她聯(lián)系。 [一般句]As I didn't know her address, I wasn't able to get in touch with her. [優(yōu)秀句]Not knowing her address, I wasn't able to get in touch with her.

　　8. 注意文章的過渡與銜接 寫作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是把銜接和連貫作為核心標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來要求的，其語篇銜接作用的極其重要性是不言而喻的。學(xué)生要學(xué)會(huì)恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠@些表示邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語，使文章前后連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，過渡自然。表示過渡與銜接的常用表達(dá)有： (1)表示順序：first, then, finally, in the end 等。 (2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折：but, however, meanwhile, at the same time, instead, on the contrary, unfortunately, after all等。 (3)表示并列：both…and, as well as, neither…nor, either…or, some…some…等。 (4)表示遞進(jìn)：besides, even, moreover, what's more, furthermore等。 (5)表示時(shí)間：now, then, in the past, at present, in the future等。 (6)表示對(duì)比：while, on one hand, on the other hand, in the same way, just as等。 (7)表示因果：because, as, now that, so, therefore等。 (8)表示程度：first of all, above all, again and again等。 (9)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：indeed, surely, certainly, of course等。 (10)表示列舉：for example, such as, for instance等。 (11)表示總結(jié)：in a word, in short, in brief, in all, in conclusion等。 9. 合理安排句型 注意把意思相近、相似、互為補(bǔ)充的句子合為一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，使重點(diǎn)突出，并且要明確內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系。

　　When it is my birthday, my mother will cook some dishes to celebrate my birth, or she will give me some money to buy whatever I want. 改為：To celebrate my birthday, my mother always cooks some dishes or gives me some money to buy whatever I want. 改后的句子由兩句變?yōu)橐痪洌淞x更易理解，邏輯更清楚。 10. 綜合使用各類所謂的“高級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu) [例]如果她的發(fā)音不比她老師好的話，至少也不會(huì)比她老師的差。 [一般句]If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher's, it is at least as good as her teacher's. [優(yōu)秀句]Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher's.

　　11. 大膽使用高級(jí)詞匯 Her dark eyes are very attractive. 她的黑眼睛很迷人。(用attractive比用beautiful高級(jí)) Is the manager available? 經(jīng)理在不在？(用available比用in高級(jí))

　　I happened upon her in the street the other day. 幾天前，我在街上碰巧遇見了她。(用the other day比用a few days ago高級(jí)) Hearing the news, I felt kind of discouraged.

　　聽到這個(gè)消息，我感到有點(diǎn)泄氣。(kind of在此用作副詞，意為“有點(diǎn)”) He stood before his teacher silently, with his head down. 他低著頭，一言不發(fā)地站在老師面前。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用得好) Module 7

　　Unit 1　 Living with technology（1） 1、 evolution n. 進(jìn)化，發(fā)展，演變 ◆Our watchword is: “Evolution, not revolution.”

　　我們的口號(hào)是：“要循序漸進(jìn)，不要?jiǎng)×易兏铩！?◆Our political institutions are in continuous evolution. 我們的政治制度正在不斷發(fā)展中。

　　Darwin's theory of evolution 達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論

　　accidental evolution 機(jī)遇性進(jìn)化 　adaptive evolution 適應(yīng)進(jìn)化 　artificial evolution 人為進(jìn)化 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace 　. 查爾斯·達(dá)爾文和阿爾弗雷德· 羅素·華萊士各自獨(dú)立地發(fā)現(xiàn)了進(jìn)化論。 discovered evolution independently 2、 construct vt. 建造，構(gòu)筑，編造 ◆This factory was constructed by our company.

　　這家工廠是由我們公司建設(shè)的。 build, construct, found, erect, establish, set up 這些動(dòng)詞均有“建設(shè)，建立，建造”之意。 build 普通用詞，含義廣泛，可指一切具體或抽象的建造或建立。 construct 較正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)根據(jù)一定計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的規(guī)模較大，結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，要求較高技術(shù)的建造。 found 側(cè)重打下基礎(chǔ)或創(chuàng)辦，具體或抽象事物均可用。 erect 側(cè)重指對(duì)高而垂直物的建造。使用不如build廣泛。 establish 著重穩(wěn)固地建成，可具體指國(guó)家、政府、學(xué)校或商店等的建立，也可指信仰、信用、名譽(yù)、法律、制度、規(guī)則等的建立。 set up 作“建立”用時(shí)，側(cè)重于“開始”。可指具體或抽象的建立。 The novel a series of on-the-spot reports. 這部小說是根據(jù)一系列的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)報(bào)道而構(gòu)思的。 is constructed from 3、 accessible adj. 可得到的，易接近的，可進(jìn)入的，易受影響的，易理解的 ◆This database is only accessible by the authorized manager.

　　只有授權(quán)的管理員才可以訪問此數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。 ◆The information ought to be made more accessible.

　　資料應(yīng)該明白易懂。 ◆This island is accessible only by boat.

　　這個(gè)小島只能坐小船去。

　　an accessible person 溫和的人 　accessible evidence 可取得的證件 ◆An open minded person is accessible to reasons.

　　虛心的人易于服理。

　　4、wind

　　vt. (wound, wound)上發(fā)條；纏，繞 　

　　◆The narrow road winds its way up to the top of Mountain Tai.

　　狹窄的道路彎彎曲曲，通往泰山山頂。

　　wind up 上發(fā)條；搖動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；以……告終；使(活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等)結(jié)束 　wind sth. around sth. 纏繞；卷繞 　wind one's way 蜿蜒；曲折延伸 　wind down 逐漸變慢；逐漸平靜下來；放松 ◆Let's see if we can wind this up by 7 o'clock.

　　看看咱們能不能在7點(diǎn)前把這個(gè)弄完。 ◆This year has been too busy for me; I need a holiday to wind down.

　　今年對(duì)我來說太忙，我需要一個(gè)假期去放松。 n. 風(fēng)； 氣流 ◆It was too hot without a breath of wind.

　　天氣很炎熱，連一絲風(fēng)也沒有。 5、 measure vt., vi. & n. 測(cè)量；打量；估量；link-v. (某物的)尺寸(長(zhǎng)度數(shù)量)為……

　　measure…against… 對(duì)照……評(píng)價(jià)…… 　measure sb. for sth. 給某人量體裁衣 　take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 　make…to one's own measure 依照某人的尺寸做…… 　take one's measure 量尺寸 ◆She measured the stranger with her eyes.

　　她用雙眼打量著那個(gè)陌生人。 ◆When measured against the work of a professional, her efforts look unimpressive.

　　當(dāng)和專業(yè)人員的工作相比時(shí)，她所作的努力看起來就不怎么起眼了。

　　①The lake ________ 130 ________ 80 kilometers.

　　這個(gè)湖長(zhǎng)130公里，寬80公里。 ①measures; by　 ②She ____________ and found it was too long. 她拿著外套在我身上量了量，發(fā)現(xiàn)太長(zhǎng)了。 ②measured the coat against me 6、 suitable adj. 合適的，適合的 　sb. is suitable for sth. / to do sth.

　　　＝ sb. is fit for sth. / to do sth. 某人適合做某事 　sth. is suitable for sb. 某事適宜某人

　　What time is suitable for us to meet?

　　我們什么時(shí)候會(huì)面合適？

　　The dress is not 　 for the party.

　　這件衣服不適合穿去參加晚會(huì)。 suitable to wear 7、 vote

　　n. 選舉權(quán)，投票，選舉，投票結(jié)果

　　v. 表決，選舉，投票 ◆He became a citizen, thereby gaining the right to vote.

　　他成為公民，并因此獲得了選舉權(quán)。 ◆A large vote was polled.

　　投票踴躍。 ◆I suggested putting the matter to a vote, but the chairman objected to it.

　　我建議對(duì)此事投票表決，但主席表示反對(duì)。 　casting vote 決定性一票 　vote in 選舉(選出來)

　　　vote down 否決

　　　vote of confidence 信任投票；贊同

　　　vote of thanks 公開鳴謝 　vote on 就……表決

　　　vote through 表決通過(投票贊成)

　　　hand vote 舉手選舉

　　At the end of the meeting, the motion.

　　會(huì)議結(jié)束前對(duì)該項(xiàng)提議進(jìn)行了表決。 a vote was taken on keep pace with 跟上，

　　與……齊步前進(jìn) ◆One should keep pace with the times.

　　一個(gè)人應(yīng)該跟上時(shí)代的步伐。 ◆Tom has to take long steps to keep pace with his father.

　　湯姆必須邁大步才能跟上他的父親。

　　◆It's important for a firm to keep pace with changes in the market.

　　對(duì)一個(gè)公司來說，能跟上市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展是很重要的。 　keep off 不接近，避開

　　　keep out of 躲開，置身……之外

　　　keep on 反復(fù)地做，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 　keep out of debt 不借債

　　　keep on ice 保存著

　　　keep out of mischief 不胡鬧

　　　keep open house 盛情款待來客，好客 　keep out of the sun 放在陰處；避曬

　　　keep out 不許入內(nèi)，擋在外面

　　　keep out of the way 避開

　　?I enjoy my job in research because I have to 　.

　　我喜歡我的研究工作，因?yàn)槲业镁o跟上所有的最新發(fā)展。 keep pace with all the latest developments 1、It took more than two decades, though, until 1951, for regular color TV broadcasts to begin in the USA. 然而，直到1951年，花了20多年，正常的彩電轉(zhuǎn)播才在美國(guó)開始。 句中代詞 it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的for regular color TV broadcasts to begin in the USA，為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 ◆It will take me three hours to fulfill the task.

　　要花3個(gè)小時(shí)，我才能完成任務(wù)。 常見的以it作形式主語的主語從句句型有4種： (1)It ＋be ＋形容詞＋that從句 能用于這種句型的常見形容詞有：necessary, clear, true, strange, important, wonderful, possible, likely, obvious, surprising等。 ◆It's clear that they badly need help.

　　很明顯，他們急需援助。 ◆It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.

　　很可能颶風(fēng)馬上就要到達(dá)。 注意：這類主語從句中，若形容詞為necessary, important, essential, strange等，主語從句要用虛擬語氣。謂語動(dòng)詞形式一般為“(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 ◆It is necessary that you (should) master the computer.

　　你很有必要掌握電腦。

　　It is strange that he should have killed himself.

　　真奇怪，他竟然自殺了。 (2)It ＋be ＋名詞詞組＋that從句 常用于這種句型的名詞詞組有：a fact, a good idea, a pity, an honor, a shame, no wonder, good news等。 ◆It's a pity that you missed the film. 你沒有看那部電影真是太遺憾了。 (3)It ＋be ＋過去分詞＋that從句 常用的過去分詞有：said, reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known等。 ◆It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 注意：a. it作形式主語代替主語從句時(shí)，要注意和as引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別。試比較： ◆It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. (主語從句，有that, 無逗號(hào)) 據(jù)報(bào)道，美國(guó)遭到恐怖分子的襲擊。 ◆As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.(定語從句，無that，有逗號(hào)) 據(jù)報(bào)道，美國(guó)遭到恐怖分子的襲擊。 b．若過去分詞為表示“建議”、“命令”、“愿望”，如suggested, ordered, requested等詞時(shí)，從句需用虛擬語氣(should＋動(dòng)詞原形)。 ◆It is requested that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance. 有人請(qǐng)求王先生表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。 (4)It ＋ seems/happens/appears/doesn't matter/makes no difference ＋ that從句。 ◆It happened that I had seen the film. 碰巧我已看過了那部電影。 ◆It seems that he is playing football. 好像他正在踢足球。 ◆It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. 他是否參加會(huì)議無關(guān)緊要。 2、The telephone is very convenient for communication, and most people in the world today cannot live without it. 電話對(duì)于交流來說非常方便，當(dāng)今世界上許多人沒有電話就不能生存。

　　cannot live without it 雙重否定，相當(dāng)于肯定句。 ◆Man cannot live without water.

　　沒有水，人類就不能生存。 ◆Without the sun, nothing would grow.

　　沒有太陽(yáng)，就不會(huì)有生物。

　　◆It is hard to sleep without a cooler in this room. 沒有空氣調(diào)節(jié)器，在這間屋里很難入睡。

　　◆I just want an ordinary car without the frills. 我只要一輛沒有多余裝飾的普通汽車。

　　cannot; without 人和目的這二者是不能分開的。 You have purposes people. 1. B　考查固定句型。It's no use doing sth.做某事是白費(fèi)力氣。句意：不去行動(dòng)只是抱怨是沒有用的。 ? 1. It's no use ________ without taking action.(2011·上海)

　　A. complain

　　B. complaining

　　C. being complained

　　D. to be complained 2. A　本題考查動(dòng)詞在具體語境中的使用。句意：“你家里總是那么整潔——家里有3個(gè)孩子，你是怎么設(shè)法做到的？” 表示“設(shè)法做成某事”用manage it。serve 表示“為……服務(wù)；接待”；adapt 表示“使適應(yīng)，使適合”；construct表示“建造，構(gòu)筑；構(gòu)思”。 2. Your house is always so neat — how do you ________ it with three children？(2010·山東)

　　A. manage

　　B. serve

　　C. adapt

　　D. construct 如何增加亮點(diǎn)(Ⅱ) 7. 適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu) 非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)通常被認(rèn)為是一種高級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu)，適當(dāng)運(yùn)用非謂語結(jié)構(gòu)，會(huì)給人熟練駕馭語言的印象。

　　[例]由于不知道她的地址，我沒法和她聯(lián)系。 [一般句]As I didn't know her address, I wasn't able to get in touch with her. [優(yōu)秀句]Not knowing her address, I wasn't able to get in touch with her.

　　8. 注意文章的過渡與銜接 寫作的評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)是把銜接和連貫作為核心標(biāo)準(zhǔn)來要求的，其語篇銜接作用的極其重要性是不言而喻的。學(xué)生要學(xué)會(huì)恰當(dāng)?shù)厥褂眠@些表示邏輯關(guān)系的關(guān)聯(lián)詞語，使文章前后連貫，結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊，過渡自然。表示過渡與銜接的常用表達(dá)有： (1)表示順序：first, then, finally, in the end 等。 (2)表示轉(zhuǎn)折：but, however, meanwhile, at the same time, instead, on the contrary, unfortunately, after all等。 (3)表示并列：both…and, as well as, neither…nor, either…or, some…some…等。 (4)表示遞進(jìn)：besides, even, moreover, what's more, furthermore等。 (5)表示時(shí)間：now, then, in the past, at present, in the future等。 (6)表示對(duì)比：while, on one hand, on the other hand, in the same way, just as等。 (7)表示因果：because, as, now that, so, therefore等。 (8)表示程度：first of all, above all, again and again等。 (9)表示強(qiáng)調(diào)：indeed, surely, certainly, of course等。 (10)表示列舉：for example, such as, for instance等。 (11)表示總結(jié)：in a word, in short, in brief, in all, in conclusion等。 9. 合理安排句型 注意把意思相近、相似、互為補(bǔ)充的句子合為一個(gè)復(fù)雜句，使重點(diǎn)突出，并且要明確內(nèi)在的邏輯關(guān)系。

　　When it is my birthday, my mother will cook some dishes to celebrate my birth, or she will give me some money to buy whatever I want. 改為：To celebrate my birthday, my mother always cooks some dishes or gives me some money to buy whatever I want. 改后的句子由兩句變?yōu)橐痪洌淞x更易理解，邏輯更清楚。 10. 綜合使用各類所謂的“高級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu) [例]如果她的發(fā)音不比她老師好的話，至少也不會(huì)比她老師的差。 [一般句]If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher's, it is at least as good as her teacher's. [優(yōu)秀句]Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher's.

　　11. 大膽使用高級(jí)詞匯 Her dark eyes are very attractive. 她的黑眼睛很迷人。(用attractive比用beautiful高級(jí)) Is the manager available? 經(jīng)理在不在？(用available比用in高級(jí))

　　I happened upon her in the street the other day. 幾天前，我在街上碰巧遇見了她。(用the other day比用a few days ago高級(jí)) Hearing the news, I felt kind of discouraged.

　　聽到這個(gè)消息，我感到有點(diǎn)泄氣。(kind of在此用作副詞，意為“有點(diǎn)”) He stood before his teacher silently, with his head down. 他低著頭，一言不發(fā)地站在老師面前。(with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)用得好) Module 7

　　Unit 1　 Living with technology（1） 1、 evolution n. 進(jìn)化，發(fā)展，演變 ◆Our watchword is: “Evolution, not revolution.”

　　我們的口號(hào)是：“要循序漸進(jìn)，不要?jiǎng)×易兏铩！?◆Our political institutions are in continuous evolution. 我們的政治制度正在不斷發(fā)展中。

　　Darwin's theory of evolution 達(dá)爾文的進(jìn)化論

　　accidental evolution 機(jī)遇性進(jìn)化 　adaptive evolution 適應(yīng)進(jìn)化 　artificial evolution 人為進(jìn)化 Charles Darwin and Alfred Russell Wallace 　. 查爾斯·達(dá)爾文和阿爾弗雷德· 羅素·華萊士各自獨(dú)立地發(fā)現(xiàn)了進(jìn)化論。 discovered evolution independently 2、 construct vt. 建造，構(gòu)筑，編造 ◆This factory was constructed by our company.

　　這家工廠是由我們公司建設(shè)的。 build, construct, found, erect, establish, set up 這些動(dòng)詞均有“建設(shè)，建立，建造”之意。 build 普通用詞，含義廣泛，可指一切具體或抽象的建造或建立。 construct 較正式用詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)根據(jù)一定計(jì)劃進(jìn)行的規(guī)模較大，結(jié)構(gòu)較復(fù)雜，要求較高技術(shù)的建造。 found 側(cè)重打下基礎(chǔ)或創(chuàng)辦，具體或抽象事物均可用。 erect 側(cè)重指對(duì)高而垂直物的建造。使用不如build廣泛。 establish 著重穩(wěn)固地建成，可具體指國(guó)家、政府、學(xué)校或商店等的建立，也可指信仰、信用、名譽(yù)、法律、制度、規(guī)則等的建立。 set up 作“建立”用時(shí)，側(cè)重于“開始”。可指具體或抽象的建立。 The novel a series of on-the-spot reports. 這部小說是根據(jù)一系列的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)報(bào)道而構(gòu)思的。 is constructed from 3、 accessible adj. 可得到的，易接近的，可進(jìn)入的，易受影響的，易理解的 ◆This database is only accessible by the authorized manager.

　　只有授權(quán)的管理員才可以訪問此數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。 ◆The information ought to be made more accessible.

　　資料應(yīng)該明白易懂。 ◆This island is accessible only by boat.

　　這個(gè)小島只能坐小船去。

　　an accessible person 溫和的人 　accessible evidence 可取得的證件 ◆An open minded person is accessible to reasons.

　　虛心的人易于服理。

　　4、wind

　　vt. (wound, wound)上發(fā)條；纏，繞 　

　　◆The narrow road winds its way up to the top of Mountain Tai.

　　狹窄的道路彎彎曲曲，通往泰山山頂。

　　wind up 上發(fā)條；搖動(dòng)；轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)；以……告終；使(活動(dòng)、會(huì)議等)結(jié)束 　wind sth. around sth. 纏繞；卷繞 　wind one's way 蜿蜒；曲折延伸 　wind down 逐漸變慢；逐漸平靜下來；放松 ◆Let's see if we can wind this up by 7 o'clock.

　　看看咱們能不能在7點(diǎn)前把這個(gè)弄完。 ◆This year has been too busy for me; I need a holiday to wind down.

　　今年對(duì)我來說太忙，我需要一個(gè)假期去放松。 n. 風(fēng)； 氣流 ◆It was too hot without a breath of wind.

　　天氣很炎熱，連一絲風(fēng)也沒有。 5、 measure vt., vi. & n. 測(cè)量；打量；估量；link-v. (某物的)尺寸(長(zhǎng)度數(shù)量)為……

　　measure…against… 對(duì)照……評(píng)價(jià)…… 　measure sb. for sth. 給某人量體裁衣 　take measures to do sth. 采取措施做某事 　make…to one's own measure 依照某人的尺寸做…… 　take one's measure 量尺寸 ◆She measured the stranger with her eyes.

　　她用雙眼打量著那個(gè)陌生人。 ◆When measured against the work of a professional, her efforts look unimpressive.

　　當(dāng)和專業(yè)人員的工作相比時(shí)，她所作的努力看起來就不怎么起眼了。

　　①The lake ________ 130 ________ 80 kilometers.

　　這個(gè)湖長(zhǎng)130公里，寬80公里。 ①measures; by　 ②She ____________ and found it was too long. 她拿著外套在我身上量了量，發(fā)現(xiàn)太長(zhǎng)了。 ②measured the coat against me 6、 suitable adj. 合適的，適合的 　sb. is suitable for sth. / to do sth.

　　　＝ sb. is fit for sth. / to do sth. 某人適合做某事 　sth. is suitable for sb. 某事適宜某人

　　What time is suitable for us to meet?

　　我們什么時(shí)候會(huì)面合適？

　　The dress is not 　 for the party.

　　這件衣服不適合穿去參加晚會(huì)。 suitable to wear 7、 vote

　　n. 選舉權(quán)，投票，選舉，投票結(jié)果

　　v. 表決，選舉，投票 ◆He became a citizen, thereby gaining the right to vote.

　　他成為公民，并因此獲得了選舉權(quán)。 ◆A large vote was polled.

　　投票踴躍。 ◆I suggested putting the matter to a vote, but the chairman objected to it.

　　我建議對(duì)此事投票表決，但主席表示反對(duì)。 　casting vote 決定性一票 　vote in 選舉(選出來)

　　　vote down 否決

　　　vote of confidence 信任投票；贊同

　　　vote of thanks 公開鳴謝 　vote on 就……表決

　　　vote through 表決通過(投票贊成)

　　　hand vote 舉手選舉

　　At the end of the meeting, the motion.

　　會(huì)議結(jié)束前對(duì)該項(xiàng)提議進(jìn)行了表決。 a vote was taken on keep pace with 跟上，

　　與……齊步前進(jìn) ◆One should keep pace with the times.

　　一個(gè)人應(yīng)該跟上時(shí)代的步伐。 ◆Tom has to take long steps to keep pace with his father.

　　湯姆必須邁大步才能跟上他的父親。

　　◆It's important for a firm to keep pace with changes in the market.

　　對(duì)一個(gè)公司來說，能跟上市場(chǎng)的發(fā)展是很重要的。 　keep off 不接近，避開

　　　keep out of 躲開，置身……之外

　　　keep on 反復(fù)地做，繼續(xù)進(jìn)行 　keep out of debt 不借債

　　　keep on ice 保存著

　　　keep out of mischief 不胡鬧

　　　keep open house 盛情款待來客，好客 　keep out of the sun 放在陰處；避曬

　　　keep out 不許入內(nèi)，擋在外面

　　　keep out of the way 避開

　　?I enjoy my job in research because I have to 　.

　　我喜歡我的研究工作，因?yàn)槲业镁o跟上所有的最新發(fā)展。 keep pace with all the latest developments 1、It took more than two decades, though, until 1951, for regular color TV broadcasts to begin in the USA. 然而，直到1951年，花了20多年，正常的彩電轉(zhuǎn)播才在美國(guó)開始。 句中代詞 it作形式主語，真正的主語是后面的for regular color TV broadcasts to begin in the USA，為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 ◆It will take me three hours to fulfill the task.

　　要花3個(gè)小時(shí)，我才能完成任務(wù)。 常見的以it作形式主語的主語從句句型有4種： (1)It ＋be ＋形容詞＋that從句 能用于這種句型的常見形容詞有：necessary, clear, true, strange, important, wonderful, possible, likely, obvious, surprising等。 ◆It's clear that they badly need help.

　　很明顯，他們急需援助。 ◆It is likely that a hurricane will arrive soon.

　　很可能颶風(fēng)馬上就要到達(dá)。 注意：這類主語從句中，若形容詞為necessary, important, essential, strange等，主語從句要用虛擬語氣。謂語動(dòng)詞形式一般為“(should)＋動(dòng)詞原形”。 ◆It is necessary that you (should) master the computer.

　　你很有必要掌握電腦。

　　It is strange that he should have killed himself.

　　真奇怪，他竟然自殺了。 (2)It ＋be ＋名詞詞組＋that從句 常用于這種句型的名詞詞組有：a fact, a good idea, a pity, an honor, a shame, no wonder, good news等。 ◆It's a pity that you missed the film. 你沒有看那部電影真是太遺憾了。 (3)It ＋be ＋過去分詞＋that從句 常用的過去分詞有：said, reported, hoped, believed, expected, decided, well-known等。 ◆It is well-known that the earth moves around the sun. 眾所周知，地球圍繞太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。 注意：a. it作形式主語代替主語從句時(shí)，要注意和as引導(dǎo)的定語從句的區(qū)別。試比較： ◆It was reported that the US was under the terrorist attack. (主語從句，有that, 無逗號(hào)) 據(jù)報(bào)道，美國(guó)遭到恐怖分子的襲擊。 ◆As was reported, the US was under the terrorist attack.(定語從句，無that，有逗號(hào)) 據(jù)報(bào)道，美國(guó)遭到恐怖分子的襲擊。 b．若過去分詞為表示“建議”、“命令”、“愿望”，如suggested, ordered, requested等詞時(shí)，從句需用虛擬語氣(should＋動(dòng)詞原形)。 ◆It is requested that Mr. Wang (should) give a performance. 有人請(qǐng)求王先生表演一個(gè)節(jié)目。 (4)It ＋ seems/happens/appears/doesn't matter/makes no difference ＋ that從句。 ◆It happened that I had seen the film. 碰巧我已看過了那部電影。 ◆It seems that he is playing football. 好像他正在踢足球。 ◆It makes no difference whether he will attend the meeting or not. 他是否參加會(huì)議無關(guān)緊要。 2、The telephone is very convenient for communication, and most people in the world today cannot live without it. 電話對(duì)于交流來說非常方便，當(dāng)今世界上許多人沒有電話就不能生存。