1、 step up

　　加緊，加強(qiáng)，促進(jìn) ◆I stepped up my pace to follow my classmates.

　　我加快腳步去追趕我的同學(xué)。 ◆The scientists have stepped up research into medicine for cancer.

　　科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)了對(duì)治療癌癥的藥物的研究。

　　step into 進(jìn)入 　step by step 逐步地 　take steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事 　follow in one's steps 步某人的后塵 The government ______ its war against terrorism after the suicide bombing in the subway.

　　A. stepped aside

　　B. stepped into

　　C. stepped down

　　D. stepped up D　句意：在地鐵里發(fā)生自殺性爆炸事件之后，政府加緊了反恐斗爭(zhēng)。 2、辨析due to, owing to, because of, thanks to 這些詞組均表示“由于”之意。 (1)due to 用于較莊重的書面語中，側(cè)重“起因于”，在句中多作表語，有時(shí)作狀語。 (2)owing to 可以與due to換用，但在句中多作狀語，也可作表語。 (3)because of 著重某種原因的理由，在句中通常作狀語。 (4)thanks to 突出一種感激之情，含“多虧”意味。 ◆Thanks to your presence, I was able to prove my innocence. 幸虧你在場(chǎng)，我才能夠證明自己的清白。 They didn't attend the meeting held last Friday morning ______ to the delay of the train.

　　A. owing

　　B. owed

　　C. thank

　　D. dued A　owing to 由于。 3、 show up 出現(xiàn)，露面；使某人難堪；使……顯出來

　　◆They've been waiting for hours for you to show up.

　　為了等你出現(xiàn)，他們已經(jīng)等了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。 show up a fraud 揭發(fā)一個(gè)欺詐行為 show sb. around (a place)帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地 (到處轉(zhuǎn)) show one's face 出席；露面；出現(xiàn) show off ①炫耀，夸耀；賣弄 ②顯示；渲染(某物的優(yōu)點(diǎn)) Peter promised to attend our party, but he has not ______ yet.

　　A. showed off

　　B. turned out

　　C. showed up

　　D. came about C　show off意為“炫耀”，turn out意為“證明”，come about意為“發(fā)生”。該句意思為“彼得答應(yīng)過要來參加我們的派對(duì)，但是他現(xiàn)在還沒有出現(xiàn)。” 4、 look into 朝……里面看；調(diào)查；檢查

　　◆He looked into the room but saw nothing. 他朝房間里看了看但是什么都沒看到。 ◆The chief manager has promised to look into this

　　matter carefully. 總經(jīng)理承諾會(huì)仔細(xì)調(diào)查這件事情。

　　look after 照顧；照料 　look back 往后看；回顧 (on / upon) 　look out 小心(口語)；往外看 　look up 查尋；抬頭看；尊重 (to) 　look down 往下看；輕視 (on / upon) 　look over 檢查；查看 　look through 瀏覽 　look forward to doing 期望/期待做 　look round / around 尋找；參觀 Module2 Unit 1　 Tales of the unexplained（1） 1、 puzzled

　　adj. 迷惑的，茫然的 ◆My son looked puzzled, so I explained it again. 兒子看起來一臉迷惑，所以我又解釋了一遍。 　puzzle v. (使)迷惑；為難；苦思 　puzzle over / about sth. 對(duì)某事苦苦思索 　puzzle n. 智力測(cè)試；難題；難解之事 　be in a puzzle about sth. 對(duì)某事迷惑不解 　puzzling adj. 令人困惑的，費(fèi)解的 　to one's puzzlement 使某人感到困惑的是 ①Faced with the ______ situation the director looked ______.

　　A. puzzling; puzzled

　　B. puzzling; puzzling

　　C. puzzled; puzzled

　　D. puzzled; puzzling　 ①A　句意：面對(duì)令人費(fèi)解的形勢(shì)，負(fù)責(zé)人一臉困惑。 ②____________________ (使他感到困惑的是), his wife didn't go to work.　 ②To his puzzlement ③The policeman is

　　in a puzzle. (對(duì)于那個(gè)失蹤的小女孩的案子)． ③about the case of the missing girl 2、 assume

　　vt . 假定， 設(shè)想 assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為 It is assumed that… ……被認(rèn)為 ◆Don't always assume the worst.

　　別總往最壞處想。 ◆I have always assumed her to be American.

　　我一直認(rèn)為她是美國(guó)人。 assumption n. 假定，假設(shè) make an assumption 認(rèn)為，假定 assuming that… 假定，假設(shè)(引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句) ①I hope to go to college next year, I pass my exams.

　　如果我能通過考試， 我希望明年能上大學(xué)。 　 ①assuming that ②A lot of people 　 poverty only exists in Africa.

　　許多人認(rèn)為貧困僅僅存在于非洲。　 ②make the assumption that 3、 witness vt. 目擊，目睹(尤指罪行或事故的發(fā)生)，親身經(jīng)歷(重要事件或變遷) n. 證明；證人，見證人

　　◆They are the witnesses at the scene of the accident. 他們是事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的目擊者。 ◆His ragged clothes were a witness to his poverty. 他的破爛衣服可以證明他的貧窮。 ①We __________ the most important scientific development of the century.

　　我們親身經(jīng)歷本世紀(jì)最重要的科學(xué)進(jìn)展。　 ①were witnessing ②Several villagers the air crash in which 8 people were killed.

　　幾位村民目睹了這起造成8人罹難的空難。 ②witnessed ③The police wanted to know whether there was someone who ______ the robbery.

　　A. witnessed

　　B. stared

　　C. looked

　　D. proved ③A　根據(jù)句意“警察想知道是否有人目擊這次搶劫”。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)選“目擊、看到”之意。witness 目擊，見證(正式的法律用語); stare 凝視，盯著看； look 看； prove 證明。

　　4、辨析lately, late, later, latter, latest (1) lately作副詞相當(dāng)于recently，表示“最近，近來”之意，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，多用過去時(shí)；表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度，多用完成時(shí)，但不可用于將來時(shí)態(tài)中。 ◆I haven't been sleeping well just lately. 我最近沒睡好覺。 (2) late作副詞時(shí)表示時(shí)間上的晚或遲。 (3) later作形容詞時(shí)，表示“以后的，后期的”；作副詞時(shí)表示“后來，較晚地”，還可與表示時(shí)間的名詞連用，表示“……之后”，用于過去和將來。 (4) latter用作形容詞，常與定冠詞the連用，表示列舉的兩個(gè)事物中的后面的一個(gè)，譯為“后者”，與 the former相對(duì)。 (5) latest是形容詞，它指時(shí)間的先后中“最近的，最新的”。

　　It's only ______ that I know why she wasn't feeling well all these days.

　　A. late

　　B. lately

　　C. latest

　　D. latter B　本句為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，根據(jù)句意“只是在最近我才知道她為什么這些天都不舒服。”可知此處應(yīng)用副詞lately “最近，近來”。

　　5、 possibility n．可能性 possibility of (sb. doing) sth.(某人做)某事的可能性 possibility that………的可能性 ◆The possibility of food poisoning has been excluded.

　　食物中毒的可能性已被排除。 ◆Research findings show that there is a possibility that 10% of the Chinese young men will never find a girlfriend in 2050.

　　研究結(jié)果顯示到2050年，中國(guó)10%的男青年可能將無女朋友可找。 possible adj. 可能的 possibly adv. 可能地 It's possible that… 有可能發(fā)生…… It is possible (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事情是可能的 ①There's no possibility of ______________. ＝There's no possibility that he has been murdered.

　　他已被謀殺的可能性完全沒有。　 ①his having been murdered ②Tomorrow is Sunday and he has a day off, so he is ______ to attend our party.

　　A. probable

　　B. possible

　　C. likely

　　D. possibility ②C　雖然probable和possible都有“可能”的意思，但是它們一般不用表示人的詞作主語； possibility是名詞，不能直接接在be動(dòng)詞后作表語，只能選C。 6、 convince vt. 使確信；使信服 convince sb. that 從句/of sth.　使某人確信某事 be convinced that…/of sth.確信某事 convince sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事 ◆What he heard and saw convinced him of the need for economic reforms.

　　他的所見所聞讓他相信了進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的必要性。 convincing adj. 令人信服的 unconvincing adj. 不足以令人信服的 ◆You're not a very convincing liar!

　　你撒的謊難以讓人信服！ I was ______ that we were doing the right thing.

　　A. convinced

　　B. believed

　　C. trusted

　　D. feared

　　A　A、B、C 3個(gè)選項(xiàng)均有“相信”的意思，但是在此句中believe不能用被動(dòng)形式，trust指信任某人。fear是“害怕”的意思。 7、 evidence n. [U] 證據(jù)，根據(jù)； 證詞；跡象

　　vt. 使明顯，證明 ◆There is evidence that somebody has been living here.

　　有跡象表明有人一直住在這里。 ◆He was punished for giving false evidence.

　　他因作偽證而受到懲罰。 　be in evidence 顯眼；引人注目 　evident adj. 明顯的，明白的 　It is evident that………是顯而易見的

　　When faced with the______ he had to admit he was guilty.

　　A. sign

　　B. evidence

　　C. mark

　　D. demonstration B　句意：在證據(jù)面前他只得承認(rèn)他有罪。

　　8、 base n. 基地， 大本營(yíng)；底部；基礎(chǔ) vt. 將……建立在某物基礎(chǔ)上 base A on B 將A建立在B的基礎(chǔ)上

　　be based on sth.基于某物 ◆He used his family's story as a base for his novel.

　　他把他一家人的經(jīng)歷作為他小說的素材。 ◆Shanghai is the most important industrial base of China.

　　上海是中國(guó)最重要的工業(yè)基地。 ◆I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.

　　我把希望寄托在我們昨天得到的好消息上。 ◆The novel is based on a local ghost story.

　　這部小說是基于當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)鬼的傳說。 After ______ in “The Brokeback Mountain (《斷背山》)”， Ang Lee directed “Lust Caution(《色戒》)”， ______ on a short novel by Zhang Ailing. A. succeeded; based

　　B. succeeding; basing C. succeeded; basing

　　D. succeeding; based D　句子主語是succeed這個(gè)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，所以要用succeeding；后面是分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于which was based on，省略了which was, 所以是based。

　　1、 step up

　　加緊，加強(qiáng)，促進(jìn) ◆I stepped up my pace to follow my classmates.

　　我加快腳步去追趕我的同學(xué)。 ◆The scientists have stepped up research into medicine for cancer.

　　科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)加強(qiáng)了對(duì)治療癌癥的藥物的研究。

　　step into 進(jìn)入 　step by step 逐步地 　take steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事 　follow in one's steps 步某人的后塵 The government ______ its war against terrorism after the suicide bombing in the subway.

　　A. stepped aside

　　B. stepped into

　　C. stepped down

　　D. stepped up D　句意：在地鐵里發(fā)生自殺性爆炸事件之后，政府加緊了反恐斗爭(zhēng)。 2、辨析due to, owing to, because of, thanks to 這些詞組均表示“由于”之意。 (1)due to 用于較莊重的書面語中，側(cè)重“起因于”，在句中多作表語，有時(shí)作狀語。 (2)owing to 可以與due to換用，但在句中多作狀語，也可作表語。 (3)because of 著重某種原因的理由，在句中通常作狀語。 (4)thanks to 突出一種感激之情，含“多虧”意味。 ◆Thanks to your presence, I was able to prove my innocence. 幸虧你在場(chǎng)，我才能夠證明自己的清白。 They didn't attend the meeting held last Friday morning ______ to the delay of the train.

　　A. owing

　　B. owed

　　C. thank

　　D. dued A　owing to 由于。 3、 show up 出現(xiàn)，露面；使某人難堪；使……顯出來

　　◆They've been waiting for hours for you to show up.

　　為了等你出現(xiàn)，他們已經(jīng)等了好幾個(gè)小時(shí)了。 show up a fraud 揭發(fā)一個(gè)欺詐行為 show sb. around (a place)帶領(lǐng)某人參觀某地 (到處轉(zhuǎn)) show one's face 出席；露面；出現(xiàn) show off ①炫耀，夸耀；賣弄 ②顯示；渲染(某物的優(yōu)點(diǎn)) Peter promised to attend our party, but he has not ______ yet.

　　A. showed off

　　B. turned out

　　C. showed up

　　D. came about C　show off意為“炫耀”，turn out意為“證明”，come about意為“發(fā)生”。該句意思為“彼得答應(yīng)過要來參加我們的派對(duì)，但是他現(xiàn)在還沒有出現(xiàn)。” 4、 look into 朝……里面看；調(diào)查；檢查

　　◆He looked into the room but saw nothing. 他朝房間里看了看但是什么都沒看到。 ◆The chief manager has promised to look into this

　　matter carefully. 總經(jīng)理承諾會(huì)仔細(xì)調(diào)查這件事情。

　　look after 照顧；照料 　look back 往后看；回顧 (on / upon) 　look out 小心(口語)；往外看 　look up 查尋；抬頭看；尊重 (to) 　look down 往下看；輕視 (on / upon) 　look over 檢查；查看 　look through 瀏覽 　look forward to doing 期望/期待做 　look round / around 尋找；參觀 Module2 Unit 1　 Tales of the unexplained（1） 1、 puzzled

　　adj. 迷惑的，茫然的 ◆My son looked puzzled, so I explained it again. 兒子看起來一臉迷惑，所以我又解釋了一遍。 　puzzle v. (使)迷惑；為難；苦思 　puzzle over / about sth. 對(duì)某事苦苦思索 　puzzle n. 智力測(cè)試；難題；難解之事 　be in a puzzle about sth. 對(duì)某事迷惑不解 　puzzling adj. 令人困惑的，費(fèi)解的 　to one's puzzlement 使某人感到困惑的是 ①Faced with the ______ situation the director looked ______.

　　A. puzzling; puzzled

　　B. puzzling; puzzling

　　C. puzzled; puzzled

　　D. puzzled; puzzling　 ①A　句意：面對(duì)令人費(fèi)解的形勢(shì)，負(fù)責(zé)人一臉困惑。 ②____________________ (使他感到困惑的是), his wife didn't go to work.　 ②To his puzzlement ③The policeman is

　　in a puzzle. (對(duì)于那個(gè)失蹤的小女孩的案子)． ③about the case of the missing girl 2、 assume

　　vt . 假定， 設(shè)想 assume sb./sth. to be 假定/假設(shè)某人/某事為 It is assumed that… ……被認(rèn)為 ◆Don't always assume the worst.

　　別總往最壞處想。 ◆I have always assumed her to be American.

　　我一直認(rèn)為她是美國(guó)人。 assumption n. 假定，假設(shè) make an assumption 認(rèn)為，假定 assuming that… 假定，假設(shè)(引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句) ①I hope to go to college next year, I pass my exams.

　　如果我能通過考試， 我希望明年能上大學(xué)。 　 ①assuming that ②A lot of people 　 poverty only exists in Africa.

　　許多人認(rèn)為貧困僅僅存在于非洲。　 ②make the assumption that 3、 witness vt. 目擊，目睹(尤指罪行或事故的發(fā)生)，親身經(jīng)歷(重要事件或變遷) n. 證明；證人，見證人

　　◆They are the witnesses at the scene of the accident. 他們是事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的目擊者。 ◆His ragged clothes were a witness to his poverty. 他的破爛衣服可以證明他的貧窮。 ①We __________ the most important scientific development of the century.

　　我們親身經(jīng)歷本世紀(jì)最重要的科學(xué)進(jìn)展。　 ①were witnessing ②Several villagers the air crash in which 8 people were killed.

　　幾位村民目睹了這起造成8人罹難的空難。 ②witnessed ③The police wanted to know whether there was someone who ______ the robbery.

　　A. witnessed

　　B. stared

　　C. looked

　　D. proved ③A　根據(jù)句意“警察想知道是否有人目擊這次搶劫”。根據(jù)句意可知，此處應(yīng)選“目擊、看到”之意。witness 目擊，見證(正式的法律用語); stare 凝視，盯著看； look 看； prove 證明。

　　4、辨析lately, late, later, latter, latest (1) lately作副詞相當(dāng)于recently，表示“最近，近來”之意，強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)間點(diǎn)，多用過去時(shí)；表示時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度，多用完成時(shí)，但不可用于將來時(shí)態(tài)中。 ◆I haven't been sleeping well just lately. 我最近沒睡好覺。 (2) late作副詞時(shí)表示時(shí)間上的晚或遲。 (3) later作形容詞時(shí)，表示“以后的，后期的”；作副詞時(shí)表示“后來，較晚地”，還可與表示時(shí)間的名詞連用，表示“……之后”，用于過去和將來。 (4) latter用作形容詞，常與定冠詞the連用，表示列舉的兩個(gè)事物中的后面的一個(gè)，譯為“后者”，與 the former相對(duì)。 (5) latest是形容詞，它指時(shí)間的先后中“最近的，最新的”。

　　It's only ______ that I know why she wasn't feeling well all these days.

　　A. late

　　B. lately

　　C. latest

　　D. latter B　本句為一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，根據(jù)句意“只是在最近我才知道她為什么這些天都不舒服。”可知此處應(yīng)用副詞lately “最近，近來”。

　　5、 possibility n．可能性 possibility of (sb. doing) sth.(某人做)某事的可能性 possibility that………的可能性 ◆The possibility of food poisoning has been excluded.

　　食物中毒的可能性已被排除。 ◆Research findings show that there is a possibility that 10% of the Chinese young men will never find a girlfriend in 2050.

　　研究結(jié)果顯示到2050年，中國(guó)10%的男青年可能將無女朋友可找。 possible adj. 可能的 possibly adv. 可能地 It's possible that… 有可能發(fā)生…… It is possible (for sb.) to do sth. (某人)做某事情是可能的 ①There's no possibility of ______________. ＝There's no possibility that he has been murdered.

　　他已被謀殺的可能性完全沒有。　 ①his having been murdered ②Tomorrow is Sunday and he has a day off, so he is ______ to attend our party.

　　A. probable

　　B. possible

　　C. likely

　　D. possibility ②C　雖然probable和possible都有“可能”的意思，但是它們一般不用表示人的詞作主語； possibility是名詞，不能直接接在be動(dòng)詞后作表語，只能選C。 6、 convince vt. 使確信；使信服 convince sb. that 從句/of sth.　使某人確信某事 be convinced that…/of sth.確信某事 convince sb. to do sth. 說服某人做某事 ◆What he heard and saw convinced him of the need for economic reforms.

　　他的所見所聞讓他相信了進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)改革的必要性。 convincing adj. 令人信服的 unconvincing adj. 不足以令人信服的 ◆You're not a very convincing liar!

　　你撒的謊難以讓人信服！ I was ______ that we were doing the right thing.

　　A. convinced

　　B. believed

　　C. trusted

　　D. feared

　　A　A、B、C 3個(gè)選項(xiàng)均有“相信”的意思，但是在此句中believe不能用被動(dòng)形式，trust指信任某人。fear是“害怕”的意思。 7、 evidence n. [U] 證據(jù)，根據(jù)； 證詞；跡象

　　vt. 使明顯，證明 ◆There is evidence that somebody has been living here.

　　有跡象表明有人一直住在這里。 ◆He was punished for giving false evidence.

　　他因作偽證而受到懲罰。 　be in evidence 顯眼；引人注目 　evident adj. 明顯的，明白的 　It is evident that………是顯而易見的

　　When faced with the______ he had to admit he was guilty.

　　A. sign

　　B. evidence

　　C. mark

　　D. demonstration B　句意：在證據(jù)面前他只得承認(rèn)他有罪。

　　8、 base n. 基地， 大本營(yíng)；底部；基礎(chǔ) vt. 將……建立在某物基礎(chǔ)上 base A on B 將A建立在B的基礎(chǔ)上

　　be based on sth.基于某物 ◆He used his family's story as a base for his novel.

　　他把他一家人的經(jīng)歷作為他小說的素材。 ◆Shanghai is the most important industrial base of China.

　　上海是中國(guó)最重要的工業(yè)基地。 ◆I base my hopes on the good news we had yesterday.

　　我把希望寄托在我們昨天得到的好消息上。 ◆The novel is based on a local ghost story.

　　這部小說是基于當(dāng)?shù)氐囊粋€(gè)鬼的傳說。 After ______ in “The Brokeback Mountain (《斷背山》)”， Ang Lee directed “Lust Caution(《色戒》)”， ______ on a short novel by Zhang Ailing. A. succeeded; based

　　B. succeeding; basing C. succeeded; basing

　　D. succeeding; based D　句子主語是succeed這個(gè)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，所以要用succeeding；后面是分詞短語作定語，相當(dāng)于which was based on，省略了which was, 所以是based。