2024高考英語備考復(fù)習(xí)課件:正反解讀情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
29.[2010·北京卷] —Good morning. I've got an appointment with Miss Smith in the Personnel Department.
—Ah,good morning. You ________be Mrs. Peters.
A.might
B.must
C.would
D.can
【解析】 B 本題考查情態(tài)動詞。根據(jù)句子意思“你肯定是Mrs. Peters”可知用must來表示肯定推測。 30.[2010·山東卷]
I ________ have watched that movie—it'll give me horrible dreams.
A.shouldn't
B.needn't
C.couldn't
D.mustn't
【解析】 A shouldn't have done意為“本不應(yīng)該做但實際已經(jīng)做了(表達(dá)后悔的情緒)”
專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 1.
【誤】 The streets are all dry; it mustn't have rained last night.
【正】 The streets are all dry; it can't have rained last night.
【解析】 對某一事實的否定推測不能用must,而要用can't 或couldn't表示“不可能”。 專題八 │ 反面解讀 反面解讀 2. 【誤】 I didn't see Mary at the meeting yesterday. She might be ill, I guess.
【正】 I didn't see Mary at the meeting yesterday. She might have been ill, I guess.
【解析】 猜的事情發(fā)生在昨天,因此要用情態(tài)動詞+have done形式,當(dāng)動詞是be時,很容易忽略它的時態(tài)意義,要特別留意。 3. 【誤】 He must be very friendly at times.
【正】 He can be very friendly at times.
【解析】 句意為:他有時會很友好。可知此處并非對現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài)進(jìn)行推測,而是一種理論上的可能性,因此用can。 專題八 │ 反面解讀 4. 【誤】 I can't find my keys. I may/might forget them on the playground yesterday.
【正】 I can't find my keys. I may/might have left them on the playground yesterday.
【解析】 表示對過去情況的推測,通常用must/may/might have done sth. 另外,表示“把……忘記在某地”應(yīng)用動詞leave。 專題八 │ 反面解讀 5. 【誤】 The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone could get out.
【正】 The fire spread through the hotel quickly, but everyone was able to get out.
【解析】 表示在過去成功地做到了某事,肯定句中通常用was/were able to do sth.。 專題八 │ 反面解讀 6. 【誤】 Will I open the window for you?
【正】 Shall I open the window for you?
【解析】 shall與第一、第三人稱連用,表示征求意見或請求指示,這時不可用will。will通常與第二人稱連用,即Will you…? 7. 【誤】 The plant is dead. Maybe I should give more water.
【正】 The plant is dead. Maybe I should have given more water.
【解析】 根據(jù)第一句可知,植物已經(jīng)死亡,所以應(yīng)該是自責(zé):本應(yīng)該多澆些水的。要用should have done形式表示“本應(yīng)該做……而未做”。 專題八 │ 反面解讀 8. 【誤】 Hadn't they saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river.
【正】 Had they not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river.
【正】 If they had not saved us, we would have been drowned in the stormy river.
【解析】 當(dāng)條件中含有were, had, should等時,可省略if,從而把were, had, should提到主語之前。若條件句為否定句,則只把were, had, should提前,not仍放在主語之后。 專題八 │ 反面解讀 9. 【誤】 If only I saw the film yesterday.
【正】 If only I had seen the film yesterday.
【解析】 if only后句子若表示過去的一種愿望,其謂語動詞應(yīng)用過去完成式,即if only sb. had done sth. 。
專題八 │ 反面解讀 1.—Everyone in my class passed the exam.
—Oh,really?It ________ difficult.
A.can't have been
B.needn't have been
C.must be
D.mightn't be
【解析】 A 考查情態(tài)動詞。對過去進(jìn)行推測,表示“一定不”應(yīng)使用 can't have done。句意為:“我們班上每個人都通過了考試。”“哦,真的嗎?那題目一定不難。” 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 實戰(zhàn)演練 2. [2009·安徽卷] Some people who don't like to talk much are not necessarily shy;they ________ just be quiet people.
A.must
B.may
C.should
D.would
【解析】 B 句意為:有些人不喜歡講話不一定是害羞,他們可能是安靜的人。此處用may表示“可能”之意。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 3. —Why didn't you answer the phone last night?
—I ________ when you called.
A.had to have slept
B.had to be sleeping
C.must have been sleeping
D.must have slept
【解析】 C 由時間狀語和結(jié)合語境來看,這是對過去某個時間點正在發(fā)生事情的肯定推測,再結(jié)合題意,應(yīng)該是must have been doing結(jié)構(gòu),選C。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 4. When I lived with my roommates in the university, we ________ often talk into the night.
A.might
B.must
C.should
D.would
【解析】 D 這里描述的是過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動作(或過去經(jīng)常做的事情)。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 5. —This is the first time I ________ my first picture with my own hands.
—It is time that you ________ a picture for me.
A.took; took
B.have taken; took
C.took; will take
D.will take; have taken
【解析】 B This/It is the first time that…中,從句的謂語動詞通常用現(xiàn)在完成式;It's (high) time that…中,從句謂語動詞通常用一般過去式(即虛擬語氣),意為“該是做……的時候了”。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 6. —Why hasn't Jack come back yet?________anything have happened to him?
—I'm not sure, but I guess something________.
A.May;must have
B.Can;may have
C.Must;may
D.Dare;might have
【解析】 B 考查情態(tài)動詞。在一般疑問句或特殊疑問句中表推測時常用can或could,推測發(fā)生過的事情時情態(tài)動詞后要接完成式,只能選B。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 7.It is usually warm in my hometown in March, but it________ be rather cold sometimes.
A.must
B.can
C.should
D.would
【解析】 B can用在肯定句中可以指“有時會,可能會”,表示客觀情況或邏輯上的可能性。句意為:三月份在我們家鄉(xiāng)通常比較暖和,但有時也會非常冷。 8. Liza________ well not want to go on the trip—she hates traveling.
A.will
B.can
C.must
D.may
【解析】 D may well (not) do sth.意為“很可能(不)干某事,完全(沒)有可能干某事”。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 9. Look at the floor, Tom!________you watch TV while having a meal?
A.Should
B.Could
C.Would
D.Must
【解析】 D must 表示與說話人愿望相反或不耐煩“非得、偏要”。如:
Must you make so much noise?你就非得弄出這么大聲嗎? 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 10.The soccer team has been doing well this season,so they ________win the championship.
A.should
B.might
C.would
D.must
【解析】 A 本題考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:這個足球隊在這個季度訓(xùn)練得很好,因此,他們應(yīng)該會贏得冠軍。根據(jù)常理進(jìn)行推測表示“應(yīng)該……”時用should。
專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 11.When the ship sailed out from Thailand, the 16 sailors on board ______ that only half of them would return again.
A.will never think
B.can never think
C.needn't have thought
D.couldn't have thought
【解析】 D 考查“情態(tài)動詞+完成式”的用法。根據(jù)句意“當(dāng)這艘輪船從泰國駛出的時候,船上的16名船員不會想到他們當(dāng)中只有一半的人會返回”可知,這里表示對過去事情的否定推測,選D。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 12.—What does the sign over there read?
—No person ________ smoke or carry a lighted cigarette in this area.
A.will
B.shall
C.may
D.must
【解析】 B 考查情態(tài)動詞的特殊用法。答句句意為:任何人在這里都不能吸煙或者是攜帶點燃的香煙。shall在這里表示強(qiáng)制,用于法令、條約、規(guī)章中,意為“必須,應(yīng)該”。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 13.It's hard to believe that such a greedy man________ donate so much to Project Hope.
A.may
B.need
C.can
D.shall
【解析】 C 考查情態(tài)動詞的特殊用法。句意為:這么貪婪的人竟能為希望工程捐出這么多錢,真是難以置信!can在這里表示驚訝、不相信,意為“居然會,竟能”。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 14.For environmental reasons,we ________ as well take these waste products and have them recycled.
A.should
B.would
C.might
D.could
【解析】 C 考查情態(tài)動詞。所填詞與as well構(gòu)成固定搭配,意思是不妨,用might,選C。 15.We ________ here at lunch time; we were delayed at the airport, though.
A.could be
B.should be
C.must have been
D.would have been
【解析】 D would have done sth.表示與已經(jīng)發(fā)生的事實相反,意思是“本來會……但實際沒有”。句意為:我們本來能在午餐時到達(dá),但我們在機(jī)場被延誤了。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 16.—Jenny took the 8:00 bus to Guangzhou this morning.
—Really?He ________ the 9:00 train. It's much more comfortable and safer to travel by train.
A.could have taken
B.should take
C.must have taken
D.can take
【解析】 A 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。上句表示珍妮已乘坐8點的汽車去了廣州。答句句意為:她本可以坐9點的火車去的,坐火車舒服得多,安全得多。“情態(tài)動詞could+完成式”表示“本來可以,而實際上并沒有那么做”。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 17.[2010·四川卷] —________ I take the book out?
—I'm afraid not.
A.Will
B.May
C.Must
D.Need
【解析】 B 考查情態(tài)動詞詞義辨析。may用于一般疑問句,表示請求。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 18.[2010·安徽卷] Jack described his father,who ________ a brave boy many years ago,as a strong-willed man.
A.would be
B.would have been
C.must be
D.must have been
【解析】 D 考查情態(tài)動詞。句意為:杰克把他父親描寫成一個有堅強(qiáng)意志的人,他很多年前就一定是一個勇敢的男孩。根據(jù)many years ago可知,是對過去事情的推測。would have been多用于條件句的虛擬語氣中。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 19.[2010·浙江卷] Had I known about this computer program,a huge amount of time and energy________.
A.would have been saved
B.had been saved
C.will be saved
D.was saved
【解析】 A 本題考查虛擬語氣。根據(jù)Had I known提示,可知此句是虛擬語氣,且與過去事實相反,故主句謂語用would have done的形式。此外本句還是被動,選A。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 20.[2010·湖南卷] You ________ buy a gift,but you can if you want to.
A.must
B.mustn't
C.have to
D.don't have to
【解析】 D 考查情態(tài)動詞。don't have to意為“沒有必要”,符合語境。句意為:你沒有必要買禮物,但如果你想買的話,你也可以買。
專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 21.[2010·陜西卷] —May I take this book out of the reading room?
—No,you________. You read it in here.
A.mightn't
B.won't
C.needn't
D.mustn't
【解析】 D 本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。表示“禁止;千萬別做某事”時,要用mustn't。 22.[2010·江西卷] I have told you the truth. ________ I keep repeating it?
A.Must
B.Can
C.May
D.Will
【解析】 A 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。句意為:我已經(jīng)告訴你真相了。要我一再重復(fù)嗎?must在此用于加強(qiáng)語氣,意為“必須……嗎?非得……嗎?” 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 23.[2010·江蘇卷] —I haven't got the reference book yet,but I'll have a test on the subject next month.
—Don't worry. You ________have it by Friday.
A.could
B.shall
C.must
D.may 【解析】 B 本題考查情態(tài)動詞。當(dāng)主語為第二、三人稱時,情態(tài)動詞shall表示說話人給對方命令、警告、允諾或威脅,本句表示允諾。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 24.[2010·江蘇卷] George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but I'd rather he ________ more on its culture.
A.focus
B.focused
C.would focus
D.had focused
【解析】 B 本題考查虛擬語氣。would rather+從句表示對現(xiàn)在或?qū)硖摂M時應(yīng)使用一般過去時。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 25.[2010·全國卷Ⅰ] Just be patient. You ________ expect the world to change so soon.
A.can't
B.needn't
C.may not
D.will not
【解析】 A 考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。can't表示“不能”,語氣強(qiáng)烈。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 26.[2010·福建卷] Teachers recommend parents ________ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.
A.not allow
B.do not allow
C.mustn't allow
D.couldn't allow
【解析】 A 考查虛擬語氣。句意為:教師們建議:為了孩子們的安全,父母不應(yīng)讓12歲以下的孩子騎自行車去學(xué)校。recommend意為“建議”,其后接的賓語從句采用虛擬語氣,從句謂語動詞用“should+動詞原形”的形式,should可以省略。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 27.[2010·天津卷] Mark ________ have hurried. After driving at top speed,he arrived half an hour early.
A.needn't
B.wouldn't
C.mustn't
D.couldn't
【解析】 A needn't have done 本沒有必要做某事,實際上做了。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 28.[2010·重慶卷] You ________ park here! It's an emergency exit.
A.wouldn't
B.needn't
C.couldn't
D.mustn't
【解析】 D 考查情態(tài)動詞詞義辨析。由句意“這里是緊急出口”,可知此處不允許停車,所以用mustn't表示“禁止,不許”。 專題八 │ 實戰(zhàn)演練 高考英語復(fù)習(xí)突破課件:語法專題八 正反解讀情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣(新課標(biāo)人教版)
專題八 正反解讀情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣
情態(tài)動詞主要用來表示說話人的情感、態(tài)度等,是中學(xué)英語語法的重點,也是高考的熱點,是單項填空必考的一個知識點。情態(tài)動詞在近五年高考中主要考查四點:情態(tài)動詞表示推測和可能性的用法;情態(tài)動詞與虛擬語氣;情態(tài)動詞表達(dá)“情感、態(tài)度、語氣等”;情態(tài)動詞表示 “必要性”等方面的用法。虛擬語氣的考點主要集中在名詞性從句、條件句中的用法,以及錯綜條件句中虛擬語氣的應(yīng)用。 專題八 │ 考點薈萃 考點薈萃 一、情態(tài)動詞表推測的用法
專題八 │ 正面解讀 正面解讀 專題八 │ 正面解讀 情態(tài)動詞