必修一

　　Module 1

　　閱讀理解提速練——練速度

　　(限時：20分鐘)

　　A

　　(2024·江西重點中學盟校第一次聯考)Students wishing to safeguard their careers against changes in the job market should opt for science rather than arts degrees, according to a survey of undergraduates.

　　Engineering and chemistry were considered to be the most “future proof”， as they are courses most likely to lead to an enduring and adaptable career.

　　Students polled by Pearson College were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses would prepare them for a world in which the job market could change dramatically during their working lives.

　　But opinion was sharply divided over which degrees were best for future-proof careers.

　　Eighty-two percent of respondents believed engineering would help develop future-proof skills, with 74 percent believing the same of chemistry and 73 percent of computer science.

　　But just 33 percent of undergraduates believed history would lead to a future-proof career, and 40 percent English.

　　However more than two thirds of students (67 percent) thought the world of work would be significantly different or completely unrecognizable in 20 years.

　　The findings, published today, come after Education Secretary Nicky Morgan sparked controversy with claims that teenagers should steer clear of the arts and humanities and opt for science or maths subjects if they want to access the widest range of jobs.

　　She said that in previous decades students would only take maths or science if they wanted to pursue a specific career such as medicine or pharmacy, but nowadays that “couldn't_be_further_from_the_truth”.

　　“If you wanted to do something different, or even if you didn't know what you wanted to do ... then the arts and humanities were what you chose. Because they were useful — we were told — for all kinds of jobs. Of course now we know that couldn't be further from the truth, and that the subjects that keep young people's options open and unlock doors to all sorts of careers are the STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects.”

　　She also described maths as “the subject that employers value most” and said that pupils who study A-level maths will earn 10 percent more over their lifetime.

　　“These figures show us that too many young people are making choices aged 15 which will hold them back for the rest of their lives.”she said.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了課程的選擇對學生們未來的發展情況的影響。

　　1．In order to guarantee your future job, which kind of courses will you choose according to the survey?

　　A．Engineering or English.

　　B．History or Maths.

　　C．Maths or Art.

　　D．Engineering or Chemistry.

　　解析：選D　細節理解題。根據第二段“Engineering and chemistry ... an enduring and adaptable career.”可知，工程學和化學被認為是最有前景的學科，因為它們能夠讓人找到持久的、適應性強的職業。因此要想未來工作有保證，應選擇工程學和化學。故選D項。

　　2．What's the students' attitude towards their chosen courses?

　　A．Doubtful.B．Worried.

　　C．Optimistic.D．Objective.

　　解析：選C　觀點態度題。根據第三段“Students polled by Pearson College were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses ...”可知，學生對所選擇的課程持樂觀態度。故選C項。

　　3．How do you understand the underlined words?

　　A．It is far away from the truth.

　　B．It's to the truth.

　　C．It couldn't be closer to the truth.

　　D．It reflects the truth.

　　解析：選A　句意理解題。根據畫線部分前的“She said that in previous decades ... or pharmacy ...”并結合轉折連詞及時間狀語“but nowadays”可推知，現在僅僅選擇數學和自然科學這兩門課是遠遠不夠的。因此畫線部分的意思是“現在這是很不符合實際情況的”。故選A項。

　　4．What did Nicky Morgan indicate in her claim?

　　A．If you want to do something different, the arts and humanities are what you choose now.

　　B．STEM subjects can make young people choose their future jobs freely.

　　C．At college, young people should make choices for their lives.

　　D．Maths and science are considered to be the subjects that employers value most.

　　解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段最后一句可知，STEM課程為學生能夠自由選擇各種職業提供了可能。故選B項。

　　B

　　(2024·濟南市高三調研)For twenty years, I saved all my college course notes and textbooks: that's a lot of paper.

　　Worse, it's not easy to carry them around — and trust me, they aren't light — on at least seven moves. Yet I never once looked at them. They sat in our basement, covered in a thick layer of dust. If books and papers could wonder, they'd wonder why they were still under our stairs after all those years. When would the Big Day come?

　　Well, the Big Day eventually did arrive; only it was different than expected. My wife, always more accepting changes than I am, finally talked me into clearing out the entire mess.

　　The pain I experienced was also unexpected. What hurt me was to come across those terrible papers I'd written, which reminded me of my poor study habits, and an embarrassing lack of comprehension. It was great to get rid of them. But it was also a clearing of personal history.

　　At first, I struggled with this. The truth was in the record that my books, my notes, and my papers were primary source materials, documenting an important time in my life. To clear them out was to clear out the truth.

　　What I've learned since taking this leap is that the process is more important than the truth. I feel as if much of my real education during my college years isn't in the documents but now in me.

　　So I am glad to free myself of this physical burden. And what's better is that I don't need to look back to those painful moments. They belong to the past.

　　You might want to consider doing something similar, either under the stairs of your basement or in your mind.

　　What is the personal rubbish piling in your life? Clear it out and make your life awesome.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者下決心清除了堆積多年的大學課本和筆記后，從開始糾結“清除了過去的記錄，就清除了過去的歷史”到最終明白“過程才最重要”的道理。5．Why was the author finally determined to desert all the college materials?

　　A．Because his wife persuaded him to.

　　B．Because they were of no use at all.

　　C．Because they were heavy on the moves.

　　D．Because they occupied space too long.

　　解析：選A　細節理解題。根據文章第三段的第二句“My wife ... finally talked me into clearing out the entire mess.”可知，作者的妻子說服了作者，故選A項。

　　6．The author struggled at the very beginning for ________.

　　A．a sense of pain

　　B．a sense of embarrassment

　　C．a sense of regret for the past

　　D．a sense of losing part of his history

　　解析：選D　細節理解題。根據文章第四段中的“But it was also a clearing of personal history.”及第五段中的“To clear them out was to clear out the truth.”可知，作者糾結的是“清除了過去的記錄，就清除了過去的歷史”，故選D項。

　　7．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

　　A．The past experiences.

　　B．The wasted college-related materials.

　　C．The rubbish in the basement.

　　D．Physical and psychological mess.

　　解析：選D　代詞指代題。根據文章最后兩段中的“either under the stairs of your basement or in your mind”以及“What is the personal rubbish piling in your life？”可知，it指代的是物質上和心理上的垃圾，故D項正確。

　　8．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Let It Go

　　B．Sort It Out

　　C．Give up the Past

　　D．Forget the History

　　解析：選A　標題歸納題。結合全文內容可知，本文主要講述的是該放棄生活中的“垃圾”的時候，我們就應該任憑它去，并且文章在篇末點題，“Clear it out”是關鍵詞，故A項最適合作文章標題。

　　C

　　(2024·四川省南充市第三次適應性考試)Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.

　　One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.

　　They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner's Dilemma. The game is based on the tension (緊張氣氛) between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.

　　Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings were. The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.

　　The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More

　　than eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children aged five to nine.

　　The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs — or intelligence quotients — of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.

　　Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章通過兩項研究的數據和結果證明了體罰不是規范行為舉止的最好方法。

　　9．Which could be the best title of the passage?

　　A．Punishment

　　B．The Best Way to Influence Behavior

　　C．Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?

　　D．Two Recent Studies

　　解析：選C　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章通過兩項研究來證明：表揚和懲罰這兩種方式哪種在規范人的行為方面更有效。C項概括了文章內容，適合做標題。故答案選C。

　　10．The underlined word “spanked” probably means “______”．

　　A．wonB．punished

　　C．testedD．praised

　　解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據第六段第二句可知，兩組都有父母實行體罰和不實行體罰的孩子。畫線詞所在句意為“這個研究表明，在年齡較小的孩子中，沒有受到體罰的孩子的智商比受到體罰的孩子高五分”。因此畫線詞的意思與“體罰”意思相近。故答案選B。

　　11．According to the passage, the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is ________.

　　A．rewarding good behavior

　　B．correcting bad behavior

　　C．punishing badly-behaved children

　　D．praising well-behaved children

　　解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據第四段可知，成員之間互相獎勵的團隊要比互相懲罰的團隊得分高。由此可推知，專家認為規范行為舉止的最好方式是表揚好的行為。故答案選A。

　　12．The author develops the passage ________.

　　A．in order of time

　　B．in order of importance

　　C．by describing his experiences

　　D．by using quotations (引證) and statistics

　　解析：選D　寫作手法題。通讀全文可知，文章通過兩項研究的數據和結果證明了體罰不是規范行為舉止的最好方法。故答案選D。

　　必修一

　　Module 1

　　閱讀理解提速練——練速度

　　(限時：20分鐘)

　　A

　　(2024·江西重點中學盟校第一次聯考)Students wishing to safeguard their careers against changes in the job market should opt for science rather than arts degrees, according to a survey of undergraduates.

　　Engineering and chemistry were considered to be the most “future proof”， as they are courses most likely to lead to an enduring and adaptable career.

　　Students polled by Pearson College were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses would prepare them for a world in which the job market could change dramatically during their working lives.

　　But opinion was sharply divided over which degrees were best for future-proof careers.

　　Eighty-two percent of respondents believed engineering would help develop future-proof skills, with 74 percent believing the same of chemistry and 73 percent of computer science.

　　But just 33 percent of undergraduates believed history would lead to a future-proof career, and 40 percent English.

　　However more than two thirds of students (67 percent) thought the world of work would be significantly different or completely unrecognizable in 20 years.

　　The findings, published today, come after Education Secretary Nicky Morgan sparked controversy with claims that teenagers should steer clear of the arts and humanities and opt for science or maths subjects if they want to access the widest range of jobs.

　　She said that in previous decades students would only take maths or science if they wanted to pursue a specific career such as medicine or pharmacy, but nowadays that “couldn't_be_further_from_the_truth”.

　　“If you wanted to do something different, or even if you didn't know what you wanted to do ... then the arts and humanities were what you chose. Because they were useful — we were told — for all kinds of jobs. Of course now we know that couldn't be further from the truth, and that the subjects that keep young people's options open and unlock doors to all sorts of careers are the STEM (science, technology, engineering and maths) subjects.”

　　She also described maths as “the subject that employers value most” and said that pupils who study A-level maths will earn 10 percent more over their lifetime.

　　“These figures show us that too many young people are making choices aged 15 which will hold them back for the rest of their lives.”she said.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了課程的選擇對學生們未來的發展情況的影響。

　　1．In order to guarantee your future job, which kind of courses will you choose according to the survey?

　　A．Engineering or English.

　　B．History or Maths.

　　C．Maths or Art.

　　D．Engineering or Chemistry.

　　解析：選D　細節理解題。根據第二段“Engineering and chemistry ... an enduring and adaptable career.”可知，工程學和化學被認為是最有前景的學科，因為它們能夠讓人找到持久的、適應性強的職業。因此要想未來工作有保證，應選擇工程學和化學。故選D項。

　　2．What's the students' attitude towards their chosen courses?

　　A．Doubtful.B．Worried.

　　C．Optimistic.D．Objective.

　　解析：選C　觀點態度題。根據第三段“Students polled by Pearson College were broadly optimistic that their chosen courses ...”可知，學生對所選擇的課程持樂觀態度。故選C項。

　　3．How do you understand the underlined words?

　　A．It is far away from the truth.

　　B．It's to the truth.

　　C．It couldn't be closer to the truth.

　　D．It reflects the truth.

　　解析：選A　句意理解題。根據畫線部分前的“She said that in previous decades ... or pharmacy ...”并結合轉折連詞及時間狀語“but nowadays”可推知，現在僅僅選擇數學和自然科學這兩門課是遠遠不夠的。因此畫線部分的意思是“現在這是很不符合實際情況的”。故選A項。

　　4．What did Nicky Morgan indicate in her claim?

　　A．If you want to do something different, the arts and humanities are what you choose now.

　　B．STEM subjects can make young people choose their future jobs freely.

　　C．At college, young people should make choices for their lives.

　　D．Maths and science are considered to be the subjects that employers value most.

　　解析：選B　推理判斷題。根據倒數第三段最后一句可知，STEM課程為學生能夠自由選擇各種職業提供了可能。故選B項。

　　B

　　(2024·濟南市高三調研)For twenty years, I saved all my college course notes and textbooks: that's a lot of paper.

　　Worse, it's not easy to carry them around — and trust me, they aren't light — on at least seven moves. Yet I never once looked at them. They sat in our basement, covered in a thick layer of dust. If books and papers could wonder, they'd wonder why they were still under our stairs after all those years. When would the Big Day come?

　　Well, the Big Day eventually did arrive; only it was different than expected. My wife, always more accepting changes than I am, finally talked me into clearing out the entire mess.

　　The pain I experienced was also unexpected. What hurt me was to come across those terrible papers I'd written, which reminded me of my poor study habits, and an embarrassing lack of comprehension. It was great to get rid of them. But it was also a clearing of personal history.

　　At first, I struggled with this. The truth was in the record that my books, my notes, and my papers were primary source materials, documenting an important time in my life. To clear them out was to clear out the truth.

　　What I've learned since taking this leap is that the process is more important than the truth. I feel as if much of my real education during my college years isn't in the documents but now in me.

　　So I am glad to free myself of this physical burden. And what's better is that I don't need to look back to those painful moments. They belong to the past.

　　You might want to consider doing something similar, either under the stairs of your basement or in your mind.

　　What is the personal rubbish piling in your life? Clear it out and make your life awesome.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。作者下決心清除了堆積多年的大學課本和筆記后，從開始糾結“清除了過去的記錄，就清除了過去的歷史”到最終明白“過程才最重要”的道理。5．Why was the author finally determined to desert all the college materials?

　　A．Because his wife persuaded him to.

　　B．Because they were of no use at all.

　　C．Because they were heavy on the moves.

　　D．Because they occupied space too long.

　　解析：選A　細節理解題。根據文章第三段的第二句“My wife ... finally talked me into clearing out the entire mess.”可知，作者的妻子說服了作者，故選A項。

　　6．The author struggled at the very beginning for ________.

　　A．a sense of pain

　　B．a sense of embarrassment

　　C．a sense of regret for the past

　　D．a sense of losing part of his history

　　解析：選D　細節理解題。根據文章第四段中的“But it was also a clearing of personal history.”及第五段中的“To clear them out was to clear out the truth.”可知，作者糾結的是“清除了過去的記錄，就清除了過去的歷史”，故選D項。

　　7．What does the underlined word “it” in the last paragraph refer to?

　　A．The past experiences.

　　B．The wasted college-related materials.

　　C．The rubbish in the basement.

　　D．Physical and psychological mess.

　　解析：選D　代詞指代題。根據文章最后兩段中的“either under the stairs of your basement or in your mind”以及“What is the personal rubbish piling in your life？”可知，it指代的是物質上和心理上的垃圾，故D項正確。

　　8．What would be the best title for the passage?

　　A．Let It Go

　　B．Sort It Out

　　C．Give up the Past

　　D．Forget the History

　　解析：選A　標題歸納題。結合全文內容可知，本文主要講述的是該放棄生活中的“垃圾”的時候，我們就應該任憑它去，并且文章在篇末點題，“Clear it out”是關鍵詞，故A項最適合作文章標題。

　　C

　　(2024·四川省南充市第三次適應性考試)Two recent studies have found that punishment is not the best way to influence behavior.

　　One showed that adults are much more cooperative if they work in a system based on rewards. Researchers at Harvard University in the United States and the Stockholm School of Economics in Sweden did the study.

　　They had about two hundred college students play a version of the game known as the Prisoner's Dilemma. The game is based on the tension (緊張氣氛) between the interests of an individual and a group. The students played in groups of four. Each player could win points for the group, so they would all gain equally. But each player could also reward or punish each of the other three players, at a cost to the punisher.

　　Harvard researcher David Rand says the most successful behavior proved to be cooperation. The groups that rewarded it the most earned about twice as much in the game as the groups that rewarded it the least. And the more a group punished itself, the lower its earnings were. The group with the most punishment earned twenty-five percent less than the group with the least punishment. The study appeared last month in the journal Science.

　　The other study involved children. It was presented last month in California at a conference on violence and abuse. Researchers used intelligence tests given to two groups. More

　　than eight hundred children aged two to four the first time they were tested. More than seven hundred children aged five to nine.

　　The two groups were retested four years later, and the study compared the results with the first test. Both groups contained children whose parents used physical punishment and children whose parents did not. The study says the IQs — or intelligence quotients — of the younger children who were not spanked were five points higher than those who were. In the older group, the difference was almost three points.

　　Murray Strauss from the University of New Hampshire worked with Mallie Paschall from the Pacific Institute for Research and Evaluation. Professor Strauss has written extensively about physical punishment of children. He says the more they are spanked, the slower their mental development. He also looked at average IQs in other nations and found them lower where spanking was more common.

　　語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。文章通過兩項研究的數據和結果證明了體罰不是規范行為舉止的最好方法。

　　9．Which could be the best title of the passage?

　　A．Punishment

　　B．The Best Way to Influence Behavior

　　C．Punishment or Reward: Which Works Better on Behavior?

　　D．Two Recent Studies

　　解析：選C　標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，文章通過兩項研究來證明：表揚和懲罰這兩種方式哪種在規范人的行為方面更有效。C項概括了文章內容，適合做標題。故答案選C。

　　10．The underlined word “spanked” probably means “______”．

　　A．wonB．punished

　　C．testedD．praised

　　解析：選B　詞義猜測題。根據第六段第二句可知，兩組都有父母實行體罰和不實行體罰的孩子。畫線詞所在句意為“這個研究表明，在年齡較小的孩子中，沒有受到體罰的孩子的智商比受到體罰的孩子高五分”。因此畫線詞的意思與“體罰”意思相近。故答案選B。

　　11．According to the passage, the researchers may agree the best way to influence behavior is ________.

　　A．rewarding good behavior

　　B．correcting bad behavior

　　C．punishing badly-behaved children

　　D．praising well-behaved children

　　解析：選A　推理判斷題。根據第四段可知，成員之間互相獎勵的團隊要比互相懲罰的團隊得分高。由此可推知，專家認為規范行為舉止的最好方式是表揚好的行為。故答案選A。

　　12．The author develops the passage ________.

　　A．in order of time

　　B．in order of importance

　　C．by describing his experiences

　　D．by using quotations (引證) and statistics

　　解析：選D　寫作手法題。通讀全文可知，文章通過兩項研究的數據和結果證明了體罰不是規范行為舉止的最好方法。故答案選D。