四川洪雅縣2024高考英語閱讀理解一輪練習1

　　閱讀理解訓練

　　(2024·東北三省四市二模)

　　Windows 8, apart from Windows 95, is the biggest surprise and the only version of Microsoft's operating system has been changed from the core(核心) when compared to its former one. However, a recent study has shown that under 20% of business owners would be willing to upgrade to the new version of Windows. The reason for this remains to be discussed and debated, and we will try to throw light on this research by providing you with some of the most common advantages and disadvantages of Windows 8.

　　Generally speaking, there are a great number of plus_sides related to upgrading from Windows 7 to Windows 8.

　　Speed—This is the biggest advantage to mention. Boot time has been reported to be up to nine times shorter than that with Windows 7.

　　New passwords—Instead of typing your passwords, windows 8 will let you use gestures on your favorite photos to enter your password. This is not only practical but also extremely cool!

　　Windows 8 experience—Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices, including smart phones, tablet PC's and so on. Also, owing to the fact that it has been specifically designed with touch screen users in mind, Windows 8, besides using keyboard and mouse, will offer a whole new user experience.

　　However, there are still some disadvantages.

　　The first one that has to be mentioned is that there is no Start Menu from Windows. Yes, there is no Start button in the lower left corner, and this might be a real puzzle of many Windows users. Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面) introduced by Windows 8. The biggest problem that is worth noticing

　　is that Windows 8 was originally designed for touch screen users, and this may have a had effect on desktop users who have gotten used to doing everything with the help of their keyboard and mouse.

　　文章大意：本文是說明文，介紹了Windows 8的優缺點。

　　12．What does “plus aides” in Paragraph 2 probably refer to?

　　A．Math symbols. B．Advantages.

　　C．New rules. D．Messages.

　　答案：B　詞義猜測題。math symbols數學符號；Advantages有利條件；New rules新規章制度；Massages信息。從plus這個詞的本意和下文中提到的“Speed, New passwords，Windows 8 experience”還有“However, there are still some disadvantages.”可知答案選B。

　　13．The most attractive aspect of Windows 8 is its ________.

　　A．complex password B．fast rate

　　C．unique experience D．new interface

　　答案：B　細節理解題。complex password 復雜的密碼；fast rate 快的速度； unique experience 獨特的經驗；new interface 新的界面。從“Speed”部分“This is the biggest advantage to mention.”可知答案選B。

　　14．From the passage we can learn that Windows 8 ________.

　　A．no longer requires a password

　　B．was upgraded from Windows 95

　　C．will be popular with desktop users

　　D．can be used on more than computers

　　答案：D　細節理解題?？疾榭忌鷮毠澬畔⒌奶崛∧芰?。no longer require a password不再需要密碼；was upgraded from Windows 95從Windows 95開始升級；will be popular with desktop users 將受到桌面用戶的喜愛；can be used on more than computers不僅用于電腦。從“Windows 8 experience”部分“Apart from computers, Windows 8 will be used on all devices”可知，應選D。

　　15．Many Windows 8 Users will face the problem that ________.

　　A．Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner

　　B．they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons

　　C．key board and mouse can't be used any longer

　　C．they don't get accustomed to the new interface

　　答案：D　細節理解題?？疾榭忌鷮毠澬畔⒌奶崛∧芰?。Start Menu is hidden in the lower left corner開始菜單隱藏在左下角；they have to use fingerprints instead of buttons要使用指紋代替按鈕；keyboard and mouse can't be used any longer 鍵盤和鼠標不再被用；they don't get accustomed to the new interface他們不習慣新的界面。由文章最后一段中 “Also, many users have had a problem to get used to the new interface(界面)introduced by Windows 8.” 可知答案選D。

　　科普知識（閱讀理解）由 (2024全國Ⅱ,C)Facial expressions carry meaning that is determined by situations and relationships.For example,in American culture (文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.Yet it also has other uses.A woman’s smile at a police officer does not carry the same meaning as the smile she gives to a young child.A smile may show love or politeness.It can also hide true feelings.It often causes confusion (困惑) across cultures.For example,many people in Russia consider smiling at strangers in public to be unusual and even improper.Yet many Americans smile freely at strangers in public places (although this is less common in big cities).Some Russians believe that Americans smile in the wrong places;some Americans believe that Russians don’t smile enough.In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.Vietnamese people may tell a sad story but end the story with a smile.

　　Our faces show emotions (情感),but we should not attempt to “read” people from another culture as we would “read” someone from our own culture.The fact that members of one culture do not express their emotions as openly as do members of another does not mean that they do not experience emotions.Rather,there are cultural differences in the amount of facial expressiveness permitted.For example,in public and in formal situations many Japanese do not show their emotions as freely as Americans do.When with friends,Japanese and Americans seem to show their emotions similarly.

　　It is difficult to generalize about Americans and facial expressiveness because of personal and cultural differences in the United States.People from certain cultural backgrounds in the United States seem to be more facially expressive than others.The key is to try not to judge people whose ways of showing emotion are different.If we judge according to our own cultural habits,we may make the mistake of “reading” the other person incorrectly.

　　1.What does the smile usually mean in the U.S.?()

　　A.Love. B.Politeness.

　　C.Joy. D.Thankfulness.

　　2.The author mentions the smile of the Vietnamese to prove that a smile can 　.?

　　A.show friendliness to strangers

　　B.be used to hide true feelings

　　C.be used in the wrong places

　　D.show personal habits

　　3.What should we do before attempting to “read” people?()

　　A.Learn about their relations with others.

　　B.Understand their cultural backgrounds.

　　C.Find out about their past experience.

　　D.Figure out what they will do next.

　　4.What would be the best title for the text?()

　　A.Cultural Differences B.Smiles and Relationships

　　C.Facial Expressiveness D.Habits and Emotions

　　語篇解讀:本文為說明文。介紹面部表情在不同文化、不同地域的不同含義。

　　答案及剖析:1.C　事實細節題。根據第一段“For example,in American culture(文化) the smile is in general an expression of pleasure.”可知答案為C項。

　　2.B　事實細節題。根據第一段“In Southeast Asian cultures,a smile is frequently used to cover painful feelings.”可知答案為B項。

　　3.B　事實細節題。根據文章第二段第二、三句可知答案。

　　4.C　主旨大意題。本文主要寫在不同文化背景下,面部表情的不同含義。

　　【疑難詞匯解讀】

　　1.confusion n.困惑;慌亂

　　The old woman looked at him in confusion.

　　老婦人用迷茫的目光打量著他。

　　2.cover v.掩飾;隱匿

　　She laughed to cover her anxiety.

　　她試圖以笑來掩飾她的焦慮。

　　【長難句子分析】

　　事實上一種文化背景下的人不能像另一種文化背景下的人一樣直率地表達他們的情感,這并不意味著他們不經歷這些情感。

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。廣東珠海市高三期末質量監測

　　Anger is good for you as long as you control it properly，according to new psychology research．A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier．

　　“Here getting emotional is not bad for you if you look at the case of anger，”said Jennifer Lerner of Carnegie Mellon．“The more people display anger，the lower their stress responses．’’

　　Lerner studied 92 UCLA students by asking them to count back from 6，200．They must say out loud every thirteenth number．Researchers disturbed them by asking them to count faster or ask them other questions．If they made any mistakes，they had to restart from the very beginning．Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.

　　Lerner used a hidden video camera and recorded all their facial expressions during the test．The researchers describe their reactions as fear，anger and disgust．

　　Other researchers recorded the students’ blood pressure，pulse and production of a high—stress hormone（荷爾蒙）called cortis01．People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone．Both can have lasting effects such as diabetes（糖尿病），heart disease，depression and extra weight gain．

　　When people feel fear，negative impacts increase, but when they get angry，those negatives go down，according to the study．

　　“Having that sense of anger leads people to actually feel some power in what otherwise is a maddening situation，”Lerner said．

　　Lerner previously studied Americans’ emotional response to the 9／11 terrorist attacks two months after the incident．She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic．These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event．So in maddening situations，anger is not a bad thing to have．It’s a healthier response than fear．

　　36．Which statement will Jennifer Lerner agree with?

　　A．It’s better to be angry than to be frightened in maddening situations．

　　B．Different reactions reflect different outlooks on life．

　　C．Don’t control your anger and it makes you powerful．

　　D．Pessimistic people are generally healthier than optimistic people．【答案】A

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據She found people who reacted with anger were more optimistic．These people are healthier compared with those who were frightened during the event．

　　37．What does the underlined word “both” in the fifth paragraph refer to according to the passage?

　　A．Fear and anger．

　　B．Blood pressure and pulse．

　　C．Blood pressure and cortisone．

　　D．Higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone．【答案】D

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據People whose faces showed more fear during the experiment had higher blood pressure and higher levels of the hormone荷爾蒙

　　38．The researchers made the experimented students angry by _________．

　　A．recording their performance secretly

　　B．asking them to count to 6,200 again and again

　　C．disturbing them and making them start ail over again

　　D．criticizing them when they made mistakes【答案】C

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據Many students felt depressed about making so many mistakes or got angry because the researchers were interrupting them.39．In what ways can anger be beneficial to people?

　　A．By showing their optimistic side．

　　B．By reducing their stress．

　　C．By reducing high blood pressure．

　　D．By taking the place of fear．【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger may help people reduce the negative impacts of stress and help you become healthier．

　　40 What is this passage Mainly about?

　　A．The findings of new psychology research．

　　B．What you can do with anger in certain cases．

　　C．Different effects produced by anger and fear．

　　D．Healthier responses in maddening situations．【答案】A

　　【解析】主旨大意題。根據A new study from Carnegie Mellon University shows anger…

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。廣東珠海市高三期末質量監測

　　Once again, rumors are spreading．Judgement Day, this time, is set to happen on December 21st, 2024．The date originated from the Mayan calendar, but actually gained popularity through the hit movie, "2024"．

　　How will the world end? And how do we know the exact date? There are many theories: A meteoroid from outer space; a solar storm; a shift in the earth's poles; bla bla bla．They all supposedly pointed to the date of December 21st, 2024．Unfortunately, none of it is true．

　　Zhu Jin, director of Beijing Planetarium, said, "For earth itself, the end will be billions of years away from now．And for us humans, there is a very small chance that we may be affected by some astronomical factors．However, we don't have the ability to foresee such events so far．So when someone tells you the world is going to end on an exact date, it must be fake．"

　　But the truth hasn't stopped people from believing．In the sci-fi movie "2024", the director imagined the end of the world based on the Mayan calendar．The film earned nearly 770 million US dollars worldwide. Ning Hong, Hebei Province, said．"The movie 2024 did get one thing right．There are arks

　　eing made in China, But they're not being built secretly inside the mountains．They are constructed here in the courtyard of a factory．"

　　In April, Liu Qiyuan quit his furniture business and devoted himself to developing these huge round balls．He doesn't believe the end is near, but he wants to be prepared just in case．

　　Liu Qiyuan, the "Ark" builder, said, "The concept originated twenty years ago．The Tangshan earthquake had flattened our house, so I wanted to build a shelter that wouldn't fall．Then in 2004, I saw the tsunami in Indonesia that killed so many people．Then I realized it should be something that could withstand the earthquake and float on water．"

　　Liu is hoping to use his invention as a life boat on the sea．He's planning to test his product on the water next year．

　　It turns out that rumour, though false, is good for business．Doomsday discounts and products are hot on many online stores．While it's surely attracted attention, many complain that it misleads consumers．

　　Their purpose is to promote products．If they believe the world is going to end．who would buy things? Money would be useless, too．

　　41．The purpose of the movie "2024" was

　　.

　　A．to popularize scientific knowledge for the viewers

　　B．to make a profit from the viewers

　　C． to tell the viewers an interesting factual story

　　D．to warn the viewers of a disastrous event【答案】B

　　【解析】細節理解題。根據The film earned nearly 770 million US dollars worldwide.