課時作業19　Unit 4　Body language

　　一、單元扣點訓練

　　Ⅰ.短語填空

　　1．It was getting dark. We had to ________ in the forest for the night.

　　2．Animals are ________ fond of eating and moving in company.

　　3．When he failed to beat his opponent he felt he had ________ with his friends.

　　4．It is a timid animal but will fight like a tiger ________ its young.

　　5．The risk of affection hasn't decreased—________， it has increased.

　　6．________， food poisoning happens during summer.

　　7．I was wondering why you seemed to want to keep everybody ________.

　　8．One of the men suddenly ________ a hand and grabbed my arm.

　　9．Steps are being taken to ________ the city ________ attack.

　　10．The mother felt ________ after being informed that her children were safe.

　　答案　1.put up　2.in general　3.lost face　4.in defence of　5.on the contrary　6.In most cases　7.at a distance　8.reached out　9.defend; against　10.at ease

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　1．When Darlence Coulon from France ______________________(匆忙走進門), she recognized Tony Garcia's smiling face. (dash)

　　答案　came dashing through the door

　　2．These actions are not good or bad, but are simply ways ______________________(文化發展的不同方式而已). (develop)

　　答案　in which cultures have developed

　　3．The most universal facial expression is，of course, the smile— its function is ______________________(表示快樂，安人心境). (ease)

　　答案　to show happiness and put people at ease

　　Ⅲ.模仿造句

　　1．The_first_person_to_arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.

　　[翻譯]哥倫布是第一個發現美洲的人。

　　答案　Columbus was the first person to discover America.

　　2．She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as_if_in_defence.

　　[翻譯]他東張西望，似乎在尋找什么。

　　答案　He looked around，as if in search of something.

　　3．Not all cultures greet each other the same way, nor_are_they_comfortable in the same way with touching or distance between people.

　　[翻譯]不可能掩蓋事實真相了，也沒有這個必要了。

　　答案　It is no longer possible to hide the truth, nor is there any need to do so.

　　4．In general, though,_studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in today's world of cultural crossroads!

　　[翻譯]我們隊輸了，可是這也不失為一場好球。

　　答案　Our team lost. It was a good game，though.

　　5．Being respectful to people is subjective, based_on each culture.

　　[翻譯]現在很多人不是根據他們的興趣而是根據工作保障來選擇職業。

　　答案　Nowadays many people choose careers based on job security rather than their interest.

　　二、閱讀理解

　　(2024·重慶卷)

　　At thirteen, I was diagnosed (診斷) with a kind of attention disorder. It made school difficult for me. When everyone else in the class was focusing on tasks, I could not.

　　In my first literature class, Mrs. Smith asked us to read a story and then write on it, all within 45 minutes. I raised my hand right away and said, “Mrs. Smith, you see, the doctor said I have attention problems. I might not be able to do it.”

　　She glanced down at me through her glasses, “You are no different from your classmates, young man.”

　　I tried, but I didn't finish the reading when the bell rang. I had to take it home.

　　In the quietness of my bedroom, the story suddenly all became clear to me. It was about a blind person, Louis Braille. He lived in a time when the blind couldn't get much education. But Louis didn't give up. Instead, he invented a reading system of raised dots (點), which opened up a whole new world of knowledge to the blind.

　　Wasn't I the “blind” in my class, being made to learn like the “sighted” students? My thoughts spilled out and my pen started to dance. I completed the task within 40 minutes. Indeed, I was no different from others; I just needed a quieter place. If Louis could find his way out of his problems, why should I ever give up?

　　I didn't expect anything when I handed in my paper to Mrs. Smith, so it was quite a surprise when it came back to me the next day—with an “A” on it. At the bottom of the paper were these words: ?See what you can do when you keep trying？”

　　語篇解讀　這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己克服注意力障礙，發現了一個新的自己的經歷。

　　1．The author didn't finish the reading in class because ________.

　　A. he was new to the class

　　B. he was tired of literature

　　C. he had an attention disorder

　　D. he wanted to take the task home

　　答案與解析　C　考查細節理解。第一段作者就談到他有注意力障礙，第二段的尾句說明作者認為自己的身體狀況使他不能完成老師布置的任務。

　　2．What do we know about Louis Braille from the passage?

　　A. He had good sight.

　　B. He made a great invention.

　　C. He gave up reading.

　　D. He learned a lot from school.

　　答案與解析　B　考查細節理解。依據第五段的“he invented a reading system of raised dots (點)”可知，Louis Braille為盲人發明了一種非常有用的閱讀體系。

　　3．What was Mrs. Smith's attitude to the author at the end of the story?

　　A. Angry.

　　B. Impatient.

　　C. Sympathetic.

　　D. Encouraging.

　　答案與解析　D　考查推理判斷。文章尾段作者的老師Mrs. Smith寫道“See what you can do when you keep trying？”說明了這位老師對作者的肯定，她在鼓勵作者繼續努力。

　　4．What is the main idea of the passage?

　　A. The disabled should be treated with respect.

　　B. A teacher can open up a new world to students.

　　C. One can find his way out of difficulties with efforts.

　　D. Everyone needs a hand when faced with challenges.

　　答案與解析　C　考查主旨大意。作者在文中講述了自己經過努力，終于完成了任務的經歷。由這件事可以看出，只要努力克服困難就能夠成功。

　　三、完形填空

　　(2024·江西南昌模擬)

　　Reading and learning new words is about finding their meaning and use within a passage. The meaning of unknown words which you __1__ in your reading sometimes can be known by their __2__， that is, their contexts. The context of the sentence can tell us the part of speech (詞性) of the __3__ word. Using the context of the paragraph to define unknown words can also be __4__.

　　Readers often have trouble because they understand the sentence word by word instead the __5__ meaning of a word, when they should identify the way it has been used in the passage.

　　One consideration in using the context is to determine the unknown word's part of speech. The words around the unknown word can give you __6__. Once you know if the word is a noun or an adjective, it is often enough for you to __7__ reading without having to stop to look up the meaning of the word. After coming across the word a few more times, you will know its meaning more __8__ than if you had just looked it up.

　　Comparison clues indicate that two or more things are __9__. A comparison is possible because the known and unknown words have __10__. The likeness shows you that comparisons can be made.

　　__11__ clues tell you an example of an unknown word. Example clues are usually __12__ by the following words and phrases: such as, for example, and like.

　　To find meaning from textbased clues, you should look for clues in the sentence. A second kind of clue does not __13__ on specific words to indicate meaning. This kind of context clue is called a frameworkbased clue. Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words __14__ you discover the meaning of a word or sentence. Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help defining unknown words. For example, the angry driver shouted vehemently during his fight with the other driver. What does “vehemently” __16__？ You know what __17__ means, and you know how people __18__ when they argue. From this, you can __19__ out that “vehemently” has something to do with strong __20__ or intense feelings.

　　1．A. take down

　　B. look up

　　C. come across

　　D. pick out

　　2．A. sentences

　　B. words

　　C. topics

　　D. surroundings

　　3．A. unknown

　　B. abnormal

　　C. familiar

　　D. negative

　　4．A. unique

　　B. natural

　　C. helpful

　　D. common

　　5．A. correct

　　B. inconvenient

　　C. different

　　D. satisfactory

　　6．A. cases

　　B. reasons

　　C. effects

　　D. clues

　　7．A. translate

　　B. interview

　　C. continue

　　D. examine

　　8．A. strangely

　　B. uncertainly

　　C. potentially

　　D. firmly

　　9．A. alike

　　B. meaningful

　　C. proper

　　D. great

　　10．A. properties

　　B. similarities

　　C. possibilities

　　D. personalities

　　11．A. Popularity

　　B. Consideration

　　C. Example

　　D. Comparison

　　12．A. affected

　　B. adjusted

　　C. changed

　　D. introduced

　　13．A. focus

　　B. spend

　　C. carry

　　D. rely

　　14．A. prevents

　　B. helps

　　C. tells

　　D. displays

　　15．A. point

　　B. taste

　　C. awareness

　　D. sense

　　16．A. mean

　　B. use

　　C. contain

　　D. complete

　　17．A. angry

　　B. grateful

　　C. happy

　　D. anxious

　　18．A. act

　　B. say

　　C. feel

　　D. think

　　19．A. come

　　B. figure

　　C. take

　　D. set

　　20．A. demand

　　B. ambition

　　C. attitude

　　D. emotion

　　答案與解析　

　　語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了幾種根據上下文學習生詞的方法和技巧。

　　1．C　有時候你在閱讀中所遇到的生詞的意思可以通過語境知道其含義。take down意為“記下”；look up意為“查閱”；come across意為“遇見”；pick out意為“找出”。下文中的“After coming across the word a few more times”也是提示，故C項正確。

　　2．D　根據“that is”可知，此空與contexts是同義詞，與下文中的“The words around the unknown word”和“Your knowledge of the meaning of surrounding words”呼應，故D項正確。

　　3．A　句子的語境可以告訴我們生詞的詞性。與上文中的“unknown words”呼應可知，此處是指生詞，即A項正確。abnormal意為“不正常的”；familiar意為“熟悉的”；negative意為“負面的”。

　　4．C　利用段落的語境來確定生詞也是有幫助的。與下文中的“Common __15__ and your knowledge of the parts of speech also help in defining unknown words”呼應，即C項正確。

　　5．A　當讀者本應該確認一個詞在語境中的用法時，讀者經常遇到麻煩，因為他們逐詞理解句子而不是(理解)一個詞的正確意思。根據空格前的“Readers often have trouble”可推知，讀者沒有理解一個詞的正確意思，即A項正確。

　　6．D　生詞周圍的詞可以給你(提供)線索。與下文中的“Comparison clues”呼應，即D項正確。

　　7．C　一旦你知道了這個詞是名詞還是形容詞，那么你就可以不必停下來去查找這個詞的意思而繼續讀下去。根據空格后的“without having to stop”可知，此處應用continue“繼續”，故C項正確。

　　8．D　strangely意為“奇怪地”；uncertainly意為“猶豫地”；potentially意為“潛在地”；firmly意為“堅定地”。根據空格前的“After coming across the word a few more times”可知，在生詞出現的頻率較高的情況下，根據語境，讀者就可以更加確定其具體的含義，即D項正確。

　　9．A　比較性線索表明兩個或多個事物是相似的。根據下文中的“Words likewise”可知，此處表示事物的相似性，即A項正確。

　　10．B　之所以可以比較是因為認識的詞和不認識的詞之間有相似性。根據下文中的“The likeness”可知，此處指詞義相近，similarity意為“相似性”，符合語境。

　　11．C　例子線索會通過舉例來提示讀者對生詞的理解。與空格后的“an example”和“Example clues”呼應，故C項正確。

　　12．D　例子線索通常通過以下詞或短語來提出。affect意為“影響”；adjust意為“調整”；change“改變”；introduce“提出”。故D項正確。

　　13．D　另一種線索并不是靠具體的詞來表明(生詞的)意思的。與上文“textbased clues”形成對比，這種線索不是依賴上下文而得出詞義的，故D項正確。rely on意為“依賴”，符合語境。

　　14．B　你對語境中詞的意思的理解有助于你了解一個詞或一個句子的意思。故B項正確。

　　15．D　常識和對詞性的了解也有助于(讀者)給生詞下定義。固定搭配：comment sense意為“常識”，符合語境，故D項正確。

　　16．A　“vehemently”是什么意思呢？與下文中的“You know what __17__ means”形成呼應，A項正確。

　　17．A　你知道angry是什么意思，而且你(也)知道人們在爭辯時的感受。與上文中的“the angry driver”呼應，故A項正確。

　　18．C　根據上文中的“the angry driver”和空格所在句中的“how people __18__ when they argue”可推知，此處表示情感和感受，故C項正確。

　　19．B　由此你可以弄清楚“vehemently”與強烈的情感或緊張的情緒有關。come out意為“出現，出版”；figure out意為“弄明白”；take out意為“切除”；set out意為“出發”。

　　20．D　demand意為“要求”；ambition意為“野心”；attitude意為“態度”；emotion意為“情感”。與語境“or intense feelings”呼應可知，此處表示情感，故D項正確。