必修一

　　Unit 5 Nelson Mandela ---

　　a modern hero

　　經典佳句　特殊句式(倒裝)　

　　1．一個小型工廠坐落在這條河的南岸。

　　South of the river lies a small factory.

　　2．只有用這種方法我們才能建設一個和諧社會。

　　Only in this way can we build a harmonious society.

　　3．我一到北京就給你打電話了。

　　No sooner had I got to Beijing than I called you.

　　＝ Hardly had I got to Beijing when I called you.

　　4．美麗的微笑不僅使我們快樂，而且能夠使別人感到愉悅。

　　Not only can a beautiful smile make us happy, but also it enables others to feel delighted.

　　5．這本書是那么有趣，我想再讀一遍。

　　So interesting is this book that I would like to read it again.

　　6．同樣吸引人的是那些世界名人們成功的故事。

　　Equally attractive are the success stories of world-famous people.

　　熱身體驗成下列句子

　　1．Only when he returned did_we_find_the_truth (我們才查明了真相)．

　　2．In a lecture hall of a university in England sits_a_professor

　　(坐著一位教授)．

　　3.In their opinion, nor_is_it_important (也不重要) for learning English.

　　Ⅰ.詞海拾貝

　　基礎記憶

　　1．generous adj.慷慨的；大方的

　　2．stage n.

　　舞臺；階段；時期

　　3．vote vt.& vi.

　　投票；選舉n.

　　投票；選票；表決

　　4．attack vt.

　　進攻；攻擊；抨擊

　　5．escape vi.& vt.

　　逃脫；逃走；避開

　　6．opinion n.

　　意見；看法；主張

　　7．quality n．質量；品質；性質→quantity (形似詞) n．數量；量

　　8．active adj.積極的；活躍的→actively adv.積極地；活躍地→activity n．活動

　　9．devote vt.獻身；專心于→devoted adj.忠實的；深愛的→devotion n．關愛；獻身；奉獻；忠誠

　　10．peaceful adj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的→peacefully adv.和平地→peace n．和平；平靜；和睦

　　11．legal adj.法律的；依照法律的→illegal (反義詞) adj.非法的，違法的

　　12．violence n．暴力；暴行→violent adj.暴力的；猛烈的

　　13．equal adj.相等的；平等的→equality n．平等；相等→equally adv.同樣地；相等地；公平地

　　educate vt.教育；訓練→educated adj.受過教育的；有教養的→education n．教育→educator n．教育工作者；教育家

　　15．beg vi.請求；乞求→beggar n．乞丐

　　16．reward n．報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞→rewarding adj.值得的；有益的；有回報的

　　語境記憶

　　17．All men are born equal,_so everyone hopes to be treated equally because equality is the basic demand.(equal)

　　18．A wave of violence spread throughout the whole country and some people became so violent that they set fire to cars.(violence)

　　19．After years of fighting the people longed for peace. They all want to live peacefully and happily. Before the war, they led a peaceful life in the countryside.(peace)

　　篇章記憶

　　He was rewarded for his devotion and generosity to education.He is strongly against violence and terrorism.In his opinion, attack of any kind is cruel and not equal.Everyone should obey the legal principles — law and we'll live a peaceful life.

　　Ⅱ.短語互譯

　　1.在危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮等的處境中in_trouble

　　2．求助于；致力于

　　turn_to

　　3．當權；上臺

　　come_to_power

　　4．被判處……(徒刑)

　　be_sentenced_to

　　5．失業

　　out_of_work

　　6．as a matter of fact

　　事實上

　　7．blow up

　　使充氣；爆炸

　　8．be willing to do sth.

　　愿意做某事

　　9．lose heart

　　喪失勇氣或信心

　　10．set up

　　設立；建立

　　Ⅲ.句型一覽

　　1.the first(＋n./pron.)＋to do不定式作后置定語

　　He was the_first_man_to_land_on_the_moon (第一位登上月球的人) in July 1969.

　　2．stage表示抽象的地點時，常接where引導的定語從句

　　Today we have reached a_stage_where (……的階段) we have almost no rights at all.

　　3．only修飾狀語置于句首引起的倒裝句

　　Only_then_did_we_decide_to (直到那時我們才決定) answer violence with violence.

　　4．the first time引導時間狀語從句

　　I felt bad the_first_time_I_talked_to_a_group (我第一次給一個小組作講解時)．

　　Ⅳ.語法自測——定語從句(Ⅱ)完成句子

　　1．I'll be away on business for four days, during which_time_Mr_Smith_will_be_in_charge_of the whole project.(charge)

　　我要出差四天，在那期間史密斯先生將負責整個項目。

　　2．Many athletes are clear that the Olympic Games are the only time when_they_will_be_watched by thousands of millions.(watch)許多運動員很清楚，奧運會是唯一的他們被無數人觀看的機會。

　　3．There are moments in life when_you_miss_them_so_much that you just want to pick them up from dream and hug them for real.(miss)

　　生活中有很多時候，你非常想念他們以至于你就是想在夢里遇見他們并真實地擁抱他們。

　　4．When someone gets old they often go to live in a home with other old people where_they_are_well_looked_after_by_nurses/nurses_look_after_them_well.(look)

　　當人變老后，他們常去和其他老人住在一座房子里，從里面有護士照顧好他們。

　　5．I walked up to the top of the hill with my friend, from_where_we_enjoyed a splendid view of the lake.(enjoy)

　　我和我的朋友走到了山頂，從那里我們欣賞了美麗的湖景。

　　1.devote vt.獻身；專心于

　　(1)devote oneself to sth./doing sth.

　　獻身于……；致力于……

　　devote one's life/time/money/energy to (doing) sth.

　　把某人的一生/時間/金錢/精力奉獻于……

　　(2)devoted adj.　忠實的；深愛的

　　be devoted to (doing) sth.

　　專心于；奉獻于……

　　(3)devotion n.

　　關愛；關照；奉獻；忠誠

　　If you have a job, do devote yourself to it and finally you'll succeed.

　　如果你有了一份工作，務必要全身心地投入其中，最終你將會成功。

　　②Her son, to whom she is (so) devoted, went abroad last year, leaving her alone in the small village.

　　她非常疼愛的兒子去年去了國外，留下她一個人在小村子里。

　　【聯想發散】在短語devote ... to中to為介詞，其后接名詞或動名詞，類似短語還包括：

　　①look_forward_to　期盼

　　②get_down_to

　　開始著手做

　　③be/get_used_to

　　習慣于

　　④be/get_accustomed_to

　　習慣于

　　⑤lead_to

　　導致

　　⑥pay_attention_to

　　注意

　　⑦object_to

　　反對

　　【對點練習】

　　完成句子

　　①Trading leather handbags is the business to_which_the_Greens_have_been_devoted over the past decade.(devote)

　　賣皮手提包是格林夫婦在過去十年里一直從事的生意。

　　②Devoted_to_his_research_work,_the professor cared little about any other things.(devote)

　　教授致力于研究工作，對其他任何事情都關心甚少。

　　③A hobby is what you never get tired of — the_more_time_you_devote_to_it,_the more fun you will have.(devote)

　　愛好是不會讓你感到厭倦的——你投入的時間越多，獲得的樂趣就越多。

　　2.vote vt.& vi.投票；選舉 n．投票；選票；表決

　　(1)vote for/against投票贊成/反對

　　vote on

　　投票表決

　　vote to do sth.

　　表決做某事

　　(2)put ... to the vote

　　付諸表決、裁決

　　①I thought the plan was very good, so I voted for it.

　　我認為這項計劃很好，于是我投了贊成票。

　　②When it was put to the vote, they were all for the proposal.

　　這條建議付諸表決時，他們都表示贊成。

　　【對點練習】

　　介詞填空

　　①People voted against Henry, who often tells lies.

　　②Vote for the man you can trust.

　　③As we can't agree on this matter, let's have a vote on it.

　　3.equal adj.相等的；平等的；勝任的 vt.等于；抵得上 n．同等的人；相等物

　　(1)be equal to sth./doing sth.等于/勝任做某事

　　of equal importance

　　同等重要的

　　(2)A equals B in ...

　　A在……方面比得上B/與B相匹敵

　　(3)without equal

　　無與倫比

　　(4)equality n.

　　平等

　　(5)equally adv.

　　相等地；同等地；均等地；同樣地

　　Little joy can equal that of a surprising ending when you read stories.

　　沒有什么樂趣比得上你在閱讀故事時一個出人意料的結尾所帶來的樂趣。

　　②The island is equally attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.

　　因為春秋兩個季節的天氣都非常怡人，所以這個小島在這兩個季節都很吸引人。

　　【對點練習】

　　介詞填空

　　①She is very weak and not equal to making a long journey.

　　②His paintings are without equal in the western world.

　　③Nobody can equal him in intelligence.

　　【真題印證】

　　④)Anyone, whether he is an official or a bus driver, should be ________

　　respected.

　　A．especially　B．equally

　　C．naturally

　　D．normally

　　解析：選B　考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：任何一個人，不管是政府官員還是公交司機都應該同樣受到尊敬。especially“尤其；特別”；equally“相等地”；naturally“天然地；自然地”； normally“通常；正常地”。

　　4.escape vi.逃脫 vt.避免；被遺忘 n．逃脫

　　(1)escape from從……逃脫，逃避

　　escape doing

　　避免做……

　　escape punishment/death

　　逃脫懲罰/死里逃生

　　sth. escape(s) sb.

　　某物被某人遺忘；未被注意

　　(2)a narrow escape

　　九死一生

　　make one's escape

　　逃跑

　　①His heart beat wildly, and without thinking he started to run and luckily escaped the cat's paws.

　　他的心狂跳不止，來不及思考趕緊逃竄，幸運地從那只貓的爪子下逃脫了。

　　②Last year I had a narrow escape, and I don't want to risk my life a second time.

　　去年我死里逃生，因此我不想再去冒生命危險了。

　　【對點練習】

　　Ⅰ.寫出下列句中escape的含義

　　①So sudden was the attack that the enemy had no time to escape.逃跑

　　②The oil escaped from the broken pipes.漏出

　　③Her name escaped from my memory.被遺忘

　　Ⅱ.完成句子

　　④So sudden was the attack that the enemy had_no_time_to_escape.(escape)

　　襲擊如此突然以至于敵人沒有時間逃跑。

　　5.reward n．報酬；獎金 vt.酬勞；獎賞

　　(1)as a reward for (sth.)作為對(某事的)報酬/獎賞

　　in reward (for ...)

　　作為(……的)報答；作為(……的)獎勵

　　(2)reward sb. for ...

　　為……酬謝某人

　　reward sb. with sth.

　　用某物酬謝某人

　　①Society should care for heroes to ensure kind people are respected and rewarded.

　　社會應該照顧好英雄以確保善良的人得到尊重和獎勵。

　　②As a reward for passing the College Entrance Examinations, many students got iPads as presents.

　　很多學生通過大學考試后，得到了iPad作為禮物。

　　【對點練習】

　　一句多譯

　　我送給他一本書來答謝他的幫助。

　　I gave him a book in_reward_for_his_help.(reward n．)

　　②As_a_reward_for_his_help,_I gave him a book.(reward n．)

　　③I rewarded_him_with_a_book for his help.(reward v．)

　　6.in trouble 有麻煩；處于困難中

　　get into/out of trouble　陷入/擺脫困境(表動作)

　　have trouble (in) doing sth./with sth. 做某事有困難

　　ask/look for trouble

　　自找麻煩；自討苦吃

　　take the trouble to do sth.

　　不怕費事或困難盡力做某事

　　①If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to lend a hand.

　　如果你有麻煩了，邁克總是樂于伸出援助之手。

　　②Whenever we have trouble with our studies, our teachers help us patiently.

　　無論何時我們在學習上遇到困難，老師總是耐心輔導。

　　【對點練習】

　　完成句子

　　①Don't hesitate to ask for help when_in_trouble.(trouble)

　　有麻煩時，不要猶豫，要請求幫助。

　　②You can't imagine the trouble I_had_in_persuading him to change his mind.(persuade)

　　你無法想象我說服他改變主意有多么困難。

　　③Thanks for the trouble you have_taken_to_help_us.(take)

　　謝謝你不辭勞苦地幫助我們。

　　7.turn to求助于；翻到(書的某頁)；查閱；轉向

　　①Don't hesitate to turn to us if you are in difficulty.

　　你要有困難，盡管來找我們幫忙。

　　②After he left university he became a teacher, but later turned to journalism.

　　大學畢業后他當了老師，但后來轉向了資訊業。

　　turn around/round轉身

　　turn away

　　不準……入內

　　turn down

　　關小；拒絕

　　turn off/on

　　關掉/打開

　　turn over

　　翻身；翻轉；移交

　　turn up

　　出現；露面；調大