Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. Judging peoples behavior.

　　Common causes of anger.

　　Changing peoples attitudes.

　　The effects of negative behavior.

　　20. When theyre unable to control the persons behavior.

　　when the causes of the behavior are obvious.

　　when the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant.

　　When the behavior is expected.

　　21. Their behavior should be attributed to factors beyond their control.

　　Their behavior should be attributed to internal factors.

　　Their behavior should be attributed to external factors.

　　Their behavior should be attributed to others.

　　22. We should blame external factors,

　　We should blame internal factors.

　　We should blame others.

　　We neednt blame ourselves.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　23. His notes are poor.

　　His vision is getting worse.

　　He has missed a couple of classes.

　　He doesnt have any money to buy notes.

　　24. At a library.

　　At a copy shop.

　　At a laboratory.

　　At a coffee shop.

　　25. That they skip class.

　　That they get some rest.

　　That they study together.

　　That they go to the cafeteria.

　　Conversation One

　　19．A綜合推斷題。對話開頭指出we ask about peoples behavior，再結(jié)合聽力材料可知，對話主要討論了人的行為背后的原因，即對行為舉止的評價，所以A正確。

　　20．C信息明示題。男士提到when the behavior could have negative consequences，由此可知，C正確。

　　21．B綜合推斷題。男士說you automatically attribute the drivers behavior to an internal factor，由此可以推斷，大多數(shù)人會為他人的過失行為尋找內(nèi)在原因，所以B正確。

　　22．A綜合推斷題。男士最后問：你應(yīng)該怎樣解釋自己所犯的錯誤呢?女士回答：我會找客觀原因。由此推斷，我們都會為自己的錯誤找客觀原因，所以A正確。

　　考點

　　say有例如說，譬如說的意思，與for example和for instance意思相近，是let us say的簡化語。當前面是假設(shè)的條件或某種特定的情況需要舉例說明時，通常用say，如：If you were to get a large sum of money，say，10，000 dollars，what would you do with it?如果你能得到一大筆錢，比如說，一萬美元，你打算用來做什么?

　　attribute to意為將某事歸因于，如：delays attributed to snow因下雪而耽擱；它還有被認為是寫的的意思，如：This tune is usually attributed to Chopin．這首曲子通常被認為是肖邦所作。

　　be to blame意為應(yīng)受譴責的，是起因或某事的根源，如：A freak storm was to blame for the power outage．停電的起因是一場特大的暴風雨。

　　Conversation Two

　　23．A信息明示題。女士不明白男士為什么要向自己借筆記，男士說自己總是打完工后直接去上課，所以上課時總是打瞌睡，筆記也記得不好，故選A。

　　24．D信息明示題。男士明確說明了工作日早上自己在一間咖啡店里做收銀員，故選D。

　　25．C信息明示題。女士說自己需要找個人一起學(xué)習(xí)，而男士需要找個人讓他學(xué)習(xí)時保持清醒，所以建議和男士成為學(xué)習(xí)上的同伴，共同學(xué)習(xí)，故選c。

　　考點

　　nod off為口語表達，意為睡著，與nod相關(guān)的表達還有：Homernods．智者千慮，必有一失。have a nodding acquaintance with sb．／sth．與某人有點頭之交，對某事物略知一二，如：I have no more

　　than a nodding acquaintance with the writers novels．我對這位作家的小說不甚了解。

　　Now youll hear two long conversations.

　　Conversation One

　　M: One of the most common questions we ask about peoples behavior is why. Why does she say this? Why does he do that? Sometimes the reason is obvious. For example, someone is driving down the street, the light turns red, and he stops, why?

　　W: Because he has to, legally I mean.

　　M: Exactly! In this case the reason is obvious, so we usually dont question it. But when the reason is not so obvious and especially when the behavior could have negative consequences, were more likely to feel a need to explain the causes of the behavior. Social psychologists have a term for this, for the process of explaining the causes of behavior. Its called causal attribution. And one theory suggests theres a pattern in the way we go about attributing causes to peoples behavior. According to this theory, there are two categories of reasons: internal factors and external factors. Again, Lisa, say youre driving down the road and all of a sudden some guy turns into the lane right in front of you, and you have to slam on your brake to avoid an accident. How do you react?

　　W: Ill probably get very angry.

　　M: Because...

　　W: Well, hes not paying attention; hes a bad driver.

　　M: So you automatically attribute the drivers behavior to an internal factor. He himself is to blame because he is careless.

　　W: So if I said it was because of heavy traffic or something, Id be attributing his behavior to an external factor, something beyond his control.

　　M: Good. Now how will you explain your own negative behavior?

　　W: I should blame external factors.

　　M: Thats right.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. What is the main topic of the discussion?

　　20. According to the professor, when are people likely to try to explain someone elses behavior?

　　21. According to the discussion, how do most people explain others negative behavior?

　　22. According to the discussion, what should we do to explain our own negative behavior?

　　Conversation Two

　　M: Holly, is it possible to borrow your notes? Ill return them tomorrow.

　　W: Sorry, but I usually go to the cafeteria and review them. Say, how about copying them over in the library?

　　M: OK. I think Ive got enough coins for the machines.

　　W: No problem. But I dont understand why you need my notes, Carter; you havent missed any classes.

　　M: Weekday mornings, Im a cashier at a coffee shop downtown. After work, I come directly to school!

　　W: Wow, youre probably exhausted!

　　M: Thats exactly why I want to borrow your notes. Ive been nodding off during class, so my notes arent very good.

　　W: Well, heres Professor Labelle. How are you feeling?

　　M: Im usually awake at the beginning. But after thirty minutes into class, Im having trouble keeping my eyes open.

　　W: Listen, I need someone to study with, and you need someone to keep you awake; want to be study partners?

　　M: Yeah, Id sure appreciate it.

　　W: OK, lets start today at the library. Were going there anyway, and I dont have to go to the cafeteria.

　　M: Sounds good. Oh, no, it looks like hes brought along some more of his slides; elbow me if I start drifting off.

　　W: Im afraid I wont be very helpful. His slides make me sleepy too!

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　23. Why does the man ask the woman for her notes?

　　24. Where does the man work?

　　25. What does the woman propose to the man?

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. Judging peoples behavior.

　　Common causes of anger.

　　Changing peoples attitudes.

　　The effects of negative behavior.

　　20. When theyre unable to control the persons behavior.

　　when the causes of the behavior are obvious.

　　when the consequences of the behavior are unpleasant.

　　When the behavior is expected.

　　21. Their behavior should be attributed to factors beyond their control.

　　Their behavior should be attributed to internal factors.

　　Their behavior should be attributed to external factors.

　　Their behavior should be attributed to others.

　　22. We should blame external factors,

　　We should blame internal factors.

　　We should blame others.

　　We neednt blame ourselves.

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　23. His notes are poor.

　　His vision is getting worse.

　　He has missed a couple of classes.

　　He doesnt have any money to buy notes.

　　24. At a library.

　　At a copy shop.

　　At a laboratory.

　　At a coffee shop.

　　25. That they skip class.

　　That they get some rest.

　　That they study together.

　　That they go to the cafeteria.

　　Conversation One

　　19．A綜合推斷題。對話開頭指出we ask about peoples behavior，再結(jié)合聽力材料可知，對話主要討論了人的行為背后的原因，即對行為舉止的評價，所以A正確。

　　20．C信息明示題。男士提到when the behavior could have negative consequences，由此可知，C正確。

　　21．B綜合推斷題。男士說you automatically attribute the drivers behavior to an internal factor，由此可以推斷，大多數(shù)人會為他人的過失行為尋找內(nèi)在原因，所以B正確。

　　22．A綜合推斷題。男士最后問：你應(yīng)該怎樣解釋自己所犯的錯誤呢?女士回答：我會找客觀原因。由此推斷，我們都會為自己的錯誤找客觀原因，所以A正確。

　　考點

　　say有例如說，譬如說的意思，與for example和for instance意思相近，是let us say的簡化語。當前面是假設(shè)的條件或某種特定的情況需要舉例說明時，通常用say，如：If you were to get a large sum of money，say，10，000 dollars，what would you do with it?如果你能得到一大筆錢，比如說，一萬美元，你打算用來做什么?

　　attribute to意為將某事歸因于，如：delays attributed to snow因下雪而耽擱；它還有被認為是寫的的意思，如：This tune is usually attributed to Chopin．這首曲子通常被認為是肖邦所作。

　　be to blame意為應(yīng)受譴責的，是起因或某事的根源，如：A freak storm was to blame for the power outage．停電的起因是一場特大的暴風雨。

　　Conversation Two

　　23．A信息明示題。女士不明白男士為什么要向自己借筆記，男士說自己總是打完工后直接去上課，所以上課時總是打瞌睡，筆記也記得不好，故選A。

　　24．D信息明示題。男士明確說明了工作日早上自己在一間咖啡店里做收銀員，故選D。

　　25．C信息明示題。女士說自己需要找個人一起學(xué)習(xí)，而男士需要找個人讓他學(xué)習(xí)時保持清醒，所以建議和男士成為學(xué)習(xí)上的同伴，共同學(xué)習(xí)，故選c。

　　考點

　　nod off為口語表達，意為睡著，與nod相關(guān)的表達還有：Homernods．智者千慮，必有一失。have a nodding acquaintance with sb．／sth．與某人有點頭之交，對某事物略知一二，如：I have no more

　　than a nodding acquaintance with the writers novels．我對這位作家的小說不甚了解。

　　Now youll hear two long conversations.

　　Conversation One

　　M: One of the most common questions we ask about peoples behavior is why. Why does she say this? Why does he do that? Sometimes the reason is obvious. For example, someone is driving down the street, the light turns red, and he stops, why?

　　W: Because he has to, legally I mean.

　　M: Exactly! In this case the reason is obvious, so we usually dont question it. But when the reason is not so obvious and especially when the behavior could have negative consequences, were more likely to feel a need to explain the causes of the behavior. Social psychologists have a term for this, for the process of explaining the causes of behavior. Its called causal attribution. And one theory suggests theres a pattern in the way we go about attributing causes to peoples behavior. According to this theory, there are two categories of reasons: internal factors and external factors. Again, Lisa, say youre driving down the road and all of a sudden some guy turns into the lane right in front of you, and you have to slam on your brake to avoid an accident. How do you react?

　　W: Ill probably get very angry.

　　M: Because...

　　W: Well, hes not paying attention; hes a bad driver.

　　M: So you automatically attribute the drivers behavior to an internal factor. He himself is to blame because he is careless.

　　W: So if I said it was because of heavy traffic or something, Id be attributing his behavior to an external factor, something beyond his control.

　　M: Good. Now how will you explain your own negative behavior?

　　W: I should blame external factors.

　　M: Thats right.

　　Questions 19 to 22 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　19. What is the main topic of the discussion?

　　20. According to the professor, when are people likely to try to explain someone elses behavior?

　　21. According to the discussion, how do most people explain others negative behavior?

　　22. According to the discussion, what should we do to explain our own negative behavior?

　　Conversation Two

　　M: Holly, is it possible to borrow your notes? Ill return them tomorrow.

　　W: Sorry, but I usually go to the cafeteria and review them. Say, how about copying them over in the library?

　　M: OK. I think Ive got enough coins for the machines.

　　W: No problem. But I dont understand why you need my notes, Carter; you havent missed any classes.

　　M: Weekday mornings, Im a cashier at a coffee shop downtown. After work, I come directly to school!

　　W: Wow, youre probably exhausted!

　　M: Thats exactly why I want to borrow your notes. Ive been nodding off during class, so my notes arent very good.

　　W: Well, heres Professor Labelle. How are you feeling?

　　M: Im usually awake at the beginning. But after thirty minutes into class, Im having trouble keeping my eyes open.

　　W: Listen, I need someone to study with, and you need someone to keep you awake; want to be study partners?

　　M: Yeah, Id sure appreciate it.

　　W: OK, lets start today at the library. Were going there anyway, and I dont have to go to the cafeteria.

　　M: Sounds good. Oh, no, it looks like hes brought along some more of his slides; elbow me if I start drifting off.

　　W: Im afraid I wont be very helpful. His slides make me sleepy too!

　　Questions 23 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.

　　23. Why does the man ask the woman for her notes?

　　24. Where does the man work?

　　25. What does the woman propose to the man?