專題六│ 專題預測 The Big Chill(寒流) Some areas in upstate New York have received more than five feet of snow over a two-day period. Weather forecasters said the region could get more than eight feet of snow before the weekend.

　　On Tuesday, West Virginia experienced the coldest temperatures recorded in the state in February since 1996, the weather service said.

　　專題六│ 專題預測 Sunny Outlook

　　There is some sign of relief to come. On Wednesday, temperatures in Chicago rose slightly to 0 degrees Fahrenheit, with a wind chill of minus 14 degrees Fahrenheit. That’s an improvement from Monday when the wind chill made it feel as if it were minus 30 degrees Fahrenheit. National Weather Service meteorologist(氣象學家)Tim Seeley said that the area should expect temperatures in the low 20s by the weekend.

　　專題六│ 專題預測 For some the heavy snowfall was cause for celebration. Ski resorts that had been suffering from the mild winter welcomed more white on the slopes. “It was the perfect storm，” said Joe Stevens, spokesman for the West Virginia Ski Areas Association. “Over four feet of snow has fallen since the middle of January, which has really turned the situation around for the resorts that were experiencing…above normal temperatures earlier in the season.”

　　專題六│ 專題預測 ()1.The main idea discussed in the

　　passage is ________. A．traffic accidents in America B．cold weather in America C．difficult road conditions D．heavy snow in America 專題六│ 專題預測 ()2.Deaths and accidents were caused by 　 ________. A．roads covered with ice and snow B．strong cold winds blowing at a

　　　 high speed C．heavy snow

　　D．too cold weather 專題六│ 專題預測 ()3.Why were the hotels full in this area?

　　A．Because there were so many people

　　having their home destroyed.

　　B．It was too cold for people to go out.

　　C．Because air and highway travel were

　　cut off.

　　D．There were not enough hotels in this

　　area. 專題六│ 專題預測 ()4.Which of the following about West

　　Virginia is TRUE?

　　A．It was hit by the heaviest snow in

　　his story.

　　B．Its roads were cut off by the

　　snowstorm.

　　C．It would face fine weather very

　　soon.

　　D．It experienced a very low

　　temperature. 專題六│ 專題預測 ()5.Which of the following welcomed the

　　cold weather and heavy snow?

　　A．Farmers.　

　　B．Ski resorts.

　　C．Drivers.

　　D．Officials. 專題六│ 專題預測 參考答案：

　　(一) 【文章大意】 本文主要介紹了美國一次寒流的情況，包括交通事故、乘客滯留、對滑雪勝地有利等。

　　1．B　主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了美國一次寒流的情況，包括交通事故、乘客滯留、對滑雪勝地有利等，都圍繞著寒流展開。 2．A　歸納判斷題。死亡和交通事故都是由于冰雪、路滑引起的。由第二段第二句得出答案。 專題六│ 專題預測 3．C　概括題。航空和公路交通由于惡劣天氣中斷，乘客滯留，致使旅館爆滿。由第三段最后一句可知。 4．D　細節理解題。West Virginia經歷了一次溫度非常低的寒流。由第五段得出答案。 5．B　細節理解題。幾家歡樂幾家愁，滑雪勝地非常喜歡這場大雪，因為他們正為暖冬少雪而發愁呢。最后一段給出答案。 專題六│ 專題預測 　(二)

　　[2010·安徽改編]

　　The engineer Camillo Oliver was 40 years old when he started the company in 1908.At his factory in Ivrea, he designed and produced the first Italian typewriter. Today the company’s head office is still in Ivrea, near Turin, but the company is much larger than it was in those days and there are offices all around the world. 專題六│ 專題預測 By 1930 there were staff of 700 and the company turned out 13,000 machines a year. Some went to customers in Italy, but Olivetti exported more typewriters to other countries. Camillo’s son, Adriano, started working for the company in 1924 and later he became the boss. He introduced a standard speed for 專題六│ 專題預測 the production line and he employed technology and design specialists. The company developed new and better typewriters and then calculators(計算機)．In 1959 it produced the ELLA computer system. This was the first mainframe computer designed and made in Italy. 專題六│ 專題預測 After Adriano died in 1960, the company had a period of financial problems. Other companies, especially the Japanese, made faster progress in electronic technology than the Italian company.

　　In 1978, Carlo de Benedetti became the new boss. Olivetti increased its marketing and service networks and made agreements with other companies to design and produce more 專題六│ 專題預測 advanced office equipment. Soon it became one of the world’s leading companies in information technology and communications. There are now five independent companies in the Olivetti Group—one for personal computers, one for systems and services, and two for telecommunications. 專題六│ 專題預測 ()1.From the text we learn that ________. A．by 1930 Olivetti produced 13,000 　 　 typewriters a year

　　B．Olivetti earned more in the 1960s

　　than in the 1950s

　　C．some of Olivetti’s 700 staff

　　regularly visited customers in Italy

　　D．Olivetti set up offices in other

　　countries from the very beginning

　　專題五│ 專題預測 Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students. But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level exams were no longer an accurate barometer(標準)of ability. 專題五│ 專題預測 In 1986, 40 percent of students starting at Oxford achieved straight. As at A-level, Mike Nicholson, its admissions director, said that this year almost every candidate offered a place would get perfect grades. It meant the university had to stage additional tests to identify the most able candidates. “The ability to achieve three A grades is no longer the end-point in the admissions process，” he said. “The potential to achieve three A grades will allow them to enter the race for a place.” 專題五│ 專題預測 Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests. At Cambridge, the number of students taking the university’s Thinking Skills Assessment shot up 26 percent to more than 3,000. A survey of 16,830 sixth formers applying to higher education from private schools last year showed that 2,860 had to sit at least one exam. 專題五│ 專題預測 Earlier this year, the National Foundation for Educational Research recommended that most sixth formers should sit SAT tests—a standard reasoning exam widely used in American colleges—to make it easier to pick out the best candidates. 專題五│ 專題預測 ()1. What is the attitude of head teachers

　　to the reform? A．Approving.

　　B．Doubtful. C．Opposed.

　　D．Neutral(中立的)． ()2. Which British university first started

　　to use aptitude tests to pick out the

　　best candidates? A．Harvard.

　　B．Oxford. C．Cambridge.

　　　 D．Washington D．C. 專題五│ 專題預測 ()3. What can we know about the A-level

　　system?

　　A．It can indicate the brightest

　　candidates.

　　B．It was designed to assess students’

　　thinking abilities.

　　C．It is longer an accurate way to

　　assess students’ abilities.

　　D．It was recommended by the National

　　Foundation for Educational Research. 專題五│ 專題預測 ()4. What can we infer from the passage? A．The reform is more popular in

　　American colleges than in British

　　ones. B．The reform will be applied by all 　 　

　　universities in the future. 專題五│ 專題預測 C．Universities used to depend on the

　　A-level system to choose the best

　　students. D．Passing additional tests will allow

　　the student to enter Oxford,

　　regardless of whether he or she gets

　　As. 專題五│ 專題預測 ()5.What is the passage mainly about?

　　　A．How to get into leading universities. B．The disadvantages of the A-level system. C．Different ways to identify students’

　　　 abilities. D．Universities using extra exams to choose 　 students.

　　專題五│ 專題預測 參考答案

　　(二) 【文章大意】 現在的成績為A不再是學生進入大學的唯一評判標準，得到分數A的學生太多了，A-level不能再準確地區分出最好的學生。學生們需要參加額外的考試才能進入大學。 1．C　細節理解題。根據第三段“Head teachers criticized the move, which they said would pile more pressure on schools and students.”得出答案。 專題五│ 專題預測 2．B　細節理解題。根據第五段的第一句“Oxford is not the only university turning to aptitude tests.”可推知答案為B。 3．C　細節理解題。文章第一段就提出了“good A-levels do not always indicate the brightest candidates”，結合后面的內容可知答案為C。 專題五│ 專題預測 4．C　推理判斷題。根據第三段中的“But universities insisted that the reforms were unavoidable, because A-level…”可知答案為C。 5．D　主旨大意題。文章開頭就指出學生必須通過額外的考試才能進入一流大學，接下來分析了原因：現在得到分數A的學生太多了，A-level不能再準確地區分出最好的學生，故選D。 專題六

　　歷史地理型 　閱讀理解　 專題六│ 歷史地理型閱讀理解 專題六│ 專題導讀 　專題導讀 歷史地理類文章一般涉及某個國家、地區、河流、山脈、海洋、城鎮等的地理位置以及與之相關的社會生活、社會風情、政治經濟、人文歷史、自然資源、文化習俗、文化遺產等方面的情況，相當一部分文章還附有圖表供理解或參考。文章選材來源于英語國家的主要名勝或歷史事件，歷史年代；命題以細節題為主， 專題六│ 專題導讀 有一定主觀推斷題；涉及一定的地理常識或歷史知識。閱讀史地類閱讀文章時，要重點弄清楚各個地名、人名之間的相互關系和各個國家、地區或城鎮之間的地理方位。如果文章或試題有附圖或附表，一定要把附圖或附表看懂、看明白。附圖或附表的存在就是幫助我們更好地讀懂和理解文章，輔助我們做好有關試題。 專題六│ 典例導練 [2010·重慶改編]

　　Sitting on the peaceful coast of Galapagos Islands，Ecuador，watching the sun move quietly into the sea，you shouldn’t forget that Charles Darwin(1809—1882) arrived here in 1835.He stayed on the islands for five weeks，observing various animals.This finally inspired(啟發) his famous work，On the Origin of Species.You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands. 　典例導練 專題六│ 典例導練 The islands are certainly a paradise(天堂) for wildlife，as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control.Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin did about 200 years ago，each day is as impressive as it could be. 專題六│ 典例導練 The most well-known animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise(巨型陸龜)，which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz，the second largest island in the archipelago(群島)．Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.

　　專題六│ 典例導練 Despite strict control over activities and timing，your stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures：diving with sea lions that swim and play within inches of you；feeling small sharks touch your feet as you swim；and，most magically，seeing a whale and her baby surface with a great breath of air. 專題六│ 典例導練 Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin，you will feel as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world.At night you will sleep on board the ship，leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands，which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time. 專題六│ 典例導練 ()1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit

　　to the islands?

　　A. He studied different creatures on

　　the islands.

　　B. He completed his famous book on the

　　islands.

　　C. He was touched by the geography of

　　the islands.

　　D. He was attracted by well-known

　　animals of the islands. 專題六│ 典例導練 ()2. Which of the following plays a role

　　in making the islands “a paradise

　　for wildlife”？

　　A. Animals on the islands feed on

　　grass.

　　B. Local government forbids killing

　　wildlife.

　　C. People cannot visit the islands as

　　they wish.

　　D. Tourists are not allowed to touch

　　the animals. 專題六│ 典例導練 ()3. Your stay on the islands will be

　　most impressive mainly because of

　　________.

　　A. the beautiful sea views

　　B. Darwin’s inspiring trip

　　C. a closer view of animals

　　D. various daring activities 專題六│ 典例導練 ()4. Which of the following would be the

　　best title for the passage?

　　A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife

　　Lovers

　　B. Galapagos as a Paradise for

　　Adventurers

　　C. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of

　　Galapagos

　　D. A Successful Example of Wildlife

　　Protection 專題六│ 典例導練 ()5. The intended readers of the passage

　　are those who ________.

　　A．want to study the origin of

　　species

　　B．are fond of traveling around the

　　world

　　C．are interested in studying

　　wildlife

　　D．want to be inspired by natural

　　beauty 專題六│ 典例導練 參考答案： 【文章大意】 本文介紹了一個冒險家的樂園Galapagos Islands，達爾文曾在這兒受到啟發寫出了《物種起源》一書，同時，由于這兒保護得很好，直到現在依然是旅游的好去處。 1. A　細節理解題。由第一段“He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals.”可知達爾文在島上觀察各種動物。 2. C　細節理解題。由第四段“Despite strict control over activities and timing…”可知答案。 專題六│ 典例導練 3. C　推理判斷題。從文章最后三段的描寫中知道，在島上能夠給人印象深刻的就是和動物近距離的接觸，例如：海里小鯊魚的頑皮，海邊海龜的悠閑等。 4. A　主旨大意題。縱觀整篇文章，作者描寫了島嶼的美麗風景，豐富的生物，較好的自然保護，故A項符合作者的寫作意圖。

　　專題六│ 典例導練 5．B　推理判斷題。綜合全文再結合第一段“You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to the islands.”可知，全文旨在介紹一個旅游的好去處，由此可推斷文章主要針對那些愛好旅游者而寫，故選B。

　　專題六│ 專題預測 (一)

　　Winter weather may have come late to parts of the United States this year, but the Midwest and Northeast are finally firmed in winter’s icy grasp. 　專題預測 專題六│ 專題預測 Travel, Interrupted The freezing cold has created dangerous driving conditions across the country. Icy roads have led to at least 13 deaths in seven states. Minnesota police reported 290 accidents during the rush hour on Tuesday. 專題六│ 專題預測 Air travel has been disrupted as well. More than 140 flights were canceled at O’Hare International Airport in Chicago, Illinois. Some travelers had to camp out in terminals(終點站)overnight. Ted Bushelman, a spokesman for the Cincinnati/Northern Kentucky International Airport, said that a 專題六│ 專題預測 few hundred passengers spent the night there. “All the hotel rooms in the area were taken, not just because of canceled flights but because highway travel was almost impossible，” he said.

　　專題五│ 專題導讀 文化教育類閱讀理解文章屬高考常選材料之一，它以中西文化差異作為選材的重點，常涉及文化、教育、法制、宗教等方面的文學藝術、發明創造、文化遺產保護、宗教與文化、風俗與習慣、道德與法制、中外文學名著節選、各國學校教育、家庭教育等，重視語言和文化的關系。閱讀材料更多地涉及社會文化 　專題導讀 專題五│ 專題導讀 背景知識。因此，要通過閱讀更多地涉及社會文化背景知識，更多地了解并豐富自己的知識。這類材料的命題點往往落在主旨大意題、事實細節題上。在做這類閱讀理解題時，應注意以下幾個方面：(1)采用先題后文：先讀題目，再帶著問題讀文章。這類閱讀理解文章相對來說事實細節題稍多一點，如果帶著問題讀文章，有利于我們抓細節。 (2)先做細節題。因為做 專題五│ 專題導讀 完了局部性的事實細節題后，自然會加深我們對文章的理解，這樣更有利于做主旨大意題。(3)重點敲定主旨題。主旨大意題提問的形式主要有兩大類：一類是Main idea型；一類是Topic或Title型。 專題五│ 典例導練 [2010·全國Ⅰ改編]

　　EDGEWOOD—Every morning at Dixie Heights High School, customers pour into a special experiment: the district’s first coffee shop run mostly by students with special learning needs.

　　　典例導練 專題五│ 典例導練 Well before classes start, students and teachers order Lattes, Cappuccinos and Hot Chocolates. Then, during the first period, teachers call in orders on their room phones, and students make deliveries. 專題五│ 典例導練 By closing time at 9：20 a．m., the shop usually sells 90 drinks.

　　“Whoever made the chi tea, Ms Schatzman says it was good，” Christy McKinley, a second year student, announced recently, after hanging up with the teacher. The shop is called the Dixie PIT, which stands for Power in Transition. Although some of the students are not disabled, many are, and the PIT helps them prepare for life after high school.

　　專題五│ 典例導練 They learn not only how to run a coffee shop but also how to deal with their affairs. They keep a timecard and receive paychecks, which they keep in check registers. Special-education teachers Kim Chevalier and Sue Casey introduced the Dixie PIT from a similar program at Kennesaw Mountain High School in Georgia. 專題五│ 典例導練 Not that it was easy. Chevalier’s first problem to overcome was product-related. Should schools be selling coffee? What about sugar content? Kenton County Food Service Director Ginger Gray helped. She made sure all the drinks, which use non-fat milk, fell within nutrition(營養)guidelines. 專題五│ 典例導練 The whole school has joined in to help. Teachers agreed to give up their lounge(休息室)in the mornings. Art students painted the name of the shop on the wall. Business students designed the paychecks. The basketball team helped pay for cups. 專題五│ 典例導練 ()1. What is the text mainly about? A．A best-selling coffee. B．A special educational program. C．Government support for schools.