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2024高考英語人教版一輪學案:必修三 Unit1 Festivals around the world

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2024高考英語人教版一輪學案:必修三 Unit1 Festivals around the world

  Unit1 Festivals around the world

  1、 mean

  (meant, meant)v.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) What does the word “mean” mean in this contest?

  (2) Do you mean to go to his party without any coin?

  (3) Doing nothing means gaining nothing.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 意思是 B. 意味著 C. 打算做

  (1)A (2) C (3)B

  mean adj. 吝嗇的、自私的;社會地位低下的

  meaning n. 意思

  meaningful adj. 有意義的;意義深遠的;淺顯易懂的

  meaningless adj. 沒意義的;不重要的

  meantime adv. 同時

  meanwhile adv. 與此同時

  means n. 方式;方法;途徑 (單、復數相同)

  be meant to do sth. 要做……;必須做……

  mean sb. for 想要某人成為……

  mean sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事

  be meant for 注定成為……; 打算作……用

  mean to do sth. 打算做沒事

  mean doing sth. 意味著做某事

  meant to do sth. 過去打算做某事(可能做,也可能不做)

  meant to have done sth.過去打算做某事而實際上并未做

  by no means 絕不 (放在居首,要用倒裝句,形式是部分倒裝)

  by means of 借助于……;用……方法

  by any means 不顧一切;不惜任何方式

  by all means 用盡一切辦法

  mean nothing to… 對……毫無意義(興趣)

  單項填空

  ()— Did you go to her birthday party?

  — I ______, but I had to work extra hours to finish my homework.

  A. would

  B. meant to

  C. did

  D. would like to

  B 本題考查的是虛擬語氣在具體語言環境中的運用。通過題干語義所體現的是對過去所發生的事情的虛擬表達,按常規它應該使用would have done sth.表示“過去該做的事情而實際上并未做到”。答案A 應該是would have才對,但它并不是。meant to 則有著這一用法,所以答案是B。

  2、satisfy v.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) We will do everything we can to satisfy every student.

  (2) You can't apply for the job unless satisfying all conditions.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 滿足 B. 使……滿意

  (1) B (2)A

  satisfied adj. 滿意的;滿足的

  satisfying adj. 令人滿意(滿足)的;圓滿的

  satisfactory adj. 令人滿意(滿足)的;圓滿的

  be satisfied with 對……感到滿意

  單項填空

  ()Her ______ performance made me ______, so there was______ expression on my face.

  A. satisfying; satisfied; satisfied

  B. satisfied; satisfied; satisfied

  C. satisfied; satisfying; satisfying

  D. satisfying; satisfied; satisfying

  A 本題考查的是“情感反應”動詞的-ing與-ed作為形容詞的語義區別。本句的語義是:她那令人滿意的表演使我感到滿意,于是我的臉上就露出滿意的笑容。第一個空所表達的是“令人滿意的”;第二、三個空所表達的是“滿意的”,所以答案是A。

  (1)satisfy是一種“情感反應”的動詞。凡是這一類的動詞,其-ed和-ing形式都可以用作形容詞,它們在句中的作用基本相同,它們的區別一般可以通過語義加以辨別:

  ①“令人……;令人感到……”用-ing形式;

  ②“感到……”或表示該詞的本義時,用-ed形式;

  ③由于自身情感活動而流露出的感情、表情或神色,用-ed形式;

  ④在to one's + n. 結構中,一定用其相應的名詞形式;

  (2)satisfying 一般用作定語; satisfactory 一般用作表語。

  3、gain v.&n.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) He has gained a lot from his teachers.

  (2) He gained a great deal in the foreign trade.

  (3) So long as you work hard, you will gain what you expect to. As the saying goes, no pains, no gains.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 收益;利益 B. 賺得 C. 獲得

  (1) C (2) B (3) A

  單項填空

  ()______ private hospitals are operating purely for ______, how can we be sure they treat the patient best?

  A. While; honor

  B. Once; service

  C. If; gain

  D. Though; income

  C 本題考查的是連詞的使用以及名詞的辨析。通過語境,我們體會出本題的語義是:如果私立醫院只是為賺錢而開設的,那我們怎能相信他們會更好地善待病人呢? 它所體現出的邏輯關系的是條件,第二個空是“獲利”的意思,所以答案是C。

  4、 gather

  v.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1)We are to gather at the school gate at 7:30 tomorrow morning.

  (2)Dark clouds is gathering and the north wind is whistling which promise that a storm is drawing near.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 集合,聚集 B. 積聚

  (1)A (2)B

  gather/collect

  gather一般強調同一種事物由少積多的收集。

  We should pay attention to gathering materials for our composition in reading.

  collect 強調為了某種目的而有選擇地、有計劃地、認真地“收集”。

  My hobby is collecting stamps.

  用gather/collect填空

  (1)It was late August and the harvest had been well gathered(收獲)in.

  (2)The teachers gathered(聚集)all the students in the playground during the earthquake.

  (1) gathered 本題的語義是:這已是晚秋,莊稼已被妥善地收起來。由于該單詞用在被動語態中,表示“收獲”之意,所以答案為gathered。

  (2) gathered本句的語義是:在地震期間,老師們把所有的學生都聚集在操場上。又由于陳述的是過去發生的事情,因此答案為gathered。

  5、award n.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) He got the first award in saving the flooded people.

  (2) He is awarded a gold medal for working in the field of education for sixty years.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 授予……的獎 B. 獎勵;獎品

  (1)B (2)A

  完成句子

  He has been given Educational Development ______(獎)in 2008 due to the contribution to education.

  Award 本題的語義是:由于他對教育的貢獻,他被授予2008年度“教育發展獎”。強調的是“獎勵的名稱”,由于是專有名詞,所以答案是Award。

  作為動詞,我們要特別注意它們的句式搭配:

  award sb. sth. 獎賞某人某物

  reward sb. for sth. 因……獎賞某人

  reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬勞某人

  6、admire v.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) It's the custom for Chinese to admire the moon on Mid-autumn Day.

  (2) I admire him for his success.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 欽佩;羨慕  B. 贊美;欣賞

  (1) B (2) A

  admiration n. 欽佩;贊美;羨慕

  admirer n. 贊美者;愛慕者;崇拜者

  admiring adj. 佩服的,稱贊的

  admirable adj. 值得稱贊的;可嘆為觀止的

  admire sb. for… 因某事佩服某人的……

  單項填空

  ()(1)More young people continued to make their way up the mountain to ______ the brightly shining moon.

  A. follow

  B. show

  C. notice

  D. admire

  D 此處admire指“欣賞”,follow“跟隨”; show “展示”;notice“無意中發現”均與題意不符,所以答案是D。

  完成句子

  (2)Faced with the dangerous situation, he rushed into the burning house to rescue the child. I admire him for his courage (佩服他的勇氣).

  7、fun n.&adj.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) He is full of fun.

  (2) We had a lot of fun at the party.

  (3) It's great fun working with him.

  根據語義找匹配

  A. 娛樂;樂趣 B. 有趣的事或人 C. 嬉戲;玩笑

  (1) C (2) A (3) B

  funny adj. 可笑的;滑稽的;古怪的

  for/in fun 鬧著玩地;不當真地

  make fun of 取笑……;拿(某人)開玩笑

  have fun 玩得開心;玩得愉快; (祝福語)祝你玩得開心。

  單項填空

  ()______it is to have a break between classes!

  A. What a great fun

  B. What great fun

  C. How fun

  D. How funny

  B 本題考查的是:fun與funny區分和fun作為名詞前的冠詞問題。通過語境語義反映出的是“課間能稍事休息是一件多么愜意的事情啊!”而不是“滑稽可笑的”,作為名詞其前一般是不加冠詞的,所以答案是B。

  fun在中學階段是一個不帶冠詞的名詞,而我們的考試往往會考其前的冠詞問題,所以遇到此類問題時,一般地我們就選不帶冠詞的選項。當然我們還要通過語境語義正確的使用形容詞funny。

  8、honour

  n.&v.

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) We fight for the honour of our country.

  (2) We should show respect to every student, because they have a fine sense of honour.

  (3) It's a great honour to have been asked here to make a speech to you all.

  根據語義找匹配

  A. 榮幸的事、榮耀的事 B. 榮譽 C. 自尊心

  (1) B (2) C (3) A

  in honour of 為了紀念……;為了向……表示敬意

  on one‘s honour 以榮譽作為擔保

  do the honours 盡地主之誼

  have the honour to do sth. 有幸做某事

  be honoured as… 被尊稱為……

  Will you honour me with a visit? 如蒙光臨,十分榮幸。/可否請您光臨?

  It's a great honour to do sth. 做……倍感榮幸

  單項填空

  ()(1) There is a party tonight ______ our new English teacher, Tom.

  A. in memory of

  B. in place of

  C. in honour of

  D. in favor of

  C 考查名詞詞組的辨析。in memory of為了紀念……(一般用于對已故的人); in place of代替;in honour of 為了向某人表示敬意;in favor of 同意。根據語境:舉辦聚會是向新老師表示敬意,所以答案是C。

  ()(2) It's ______ great honour for us to fight for ______honour of our country.

  A. a; /

  B. a; the

  C. /; the

  D. a; a

  B 考查冠詞的用法。honour在此是抽象名詞具體化,表示“一件非常榮幸的事”,用不定冠詞。在表示“榮譽”時,honour是可數名詞,因指國家榮譽,是特指,所以用定冠詞,故答案是B。

  9、remind v.

  根據語境猜詞義

  The film (1) reminded me of my childhood, which always (2) reminds me to work hard.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 使某人想起了 B. 提醒

  (1) A (2) B

  remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起了……

  remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事

  remind sb. that… 提醒某人……

  單項填空

  ()(1) In our childhood, we were often ______ by Grandma to pay attention to our table manners.

  A. demanded

  B. reminded

  C. allowed

  D. hoped

  B 句意:在我們童年時代,奶奶經常提醒我們要注意吃飯禮儀。一般地,當題干部分是被動語態時,我們最好先用還原法把被動語態中的主語還原到其賓語位置上,然后在尋求動詞在句中的搭配關系,這樣我們就能把demand和hope排除,因為這兩個動詞都不能用demand /hope sb. to do sth.表達;再通過語境語義,我們可以體會出是經常“提醒”的意思,所以答案是B。

  完成句子

  (2) 他的話使我想起昨天發生的一件事。

  What he said reminded me of a thing that happened yesterday.

  (3) 他足不出戶便知天下事。

  He stays indoors, reminded of / known everything in the world.

  (1)在使用“使某人想起了……”這一句式,中國學生特別會受到漢語的影響而使用漢語式的表達make sb. think of,這是錯誤的,因此我們在使用過程中,務必注意這一點。

  (2)常用 “動詞+ sb. + of + 名詞”句型的還有:

  warn / accuse/ cure/ suspect/rob + sb. + of

  10、take place

  根據語境猜詞義

  (1) Who knows when the opening ceremony of the new term will take_place?

  (2) Great changes have taken_place in our school after many years of hard work.

  根據語義找匹配:A. 發生  B. 舉行

  (1) B (2) A

  take the place of 代替 take one's place 代替某人;坐下

  in place of 代替

  in place 放在原來的位置;原地

  in one's place

  處于某人的位置;為某人設身處地地想想

  out of place 不合適;不恰當;格格不入

  give place to 讓位于……

  take place/happen/occur/come about/break out

  take place的“發生、舉行”大都側重于安排或按計劃所發生的事情。

  A Super Boy concert will take place in the square tonight.

  happen 側重于“偶發”,不可預料的事情的“發生”。這時可與occur互換。happen to do sth. 或it happened that…表示“碰巧做某事”時不能與occur 互換。

  I was crossing the street when a traffic accident happened.

  It happened that I wasn't there when the earthquake happened.

  occur 比較正式,所指的事件和時間比較明確。occur to sb.“某人突然想起某事”,這時不能用happen代替。

  Can you tell me when on earth the accident occurred?

  It occurs to me that we still have a lot of things to do.

  come about常指偶然發生的事情,且很多時候與how 連用。

  How did it come about that he left school?

  break out 常指“戰爭、疫病或火災”的突然發生。

  EV71 broke out in China in the spring of 2008.

  單項填空

  ()(1) Suddenly it ______ to me that we should do what we could to collect money for the poor college students.

  A. happened

  B. took place

  C. occurred

  D. came about

  C 本題考查的是關于“發生”意義的詞的區別。通過題干所表現出的語義是“計上心頭”之意,所以答案是C。

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