牛津實用英語語法:87 介詞的位置
A 如上所述,介詞通常位于名詞或代詞之前。然而,以下兩個結構中的介詞在非正式英語中有可能會移到句末:
1 以介詞+whom/which/what/whose/where開頭的疑問句:
To whom were you talking?(正式的)
Who were you talking to?(非正式的)
你剛才在跟誰談話?
In which drawer does he keep it?(正式的)
Which drawer does he keep it in?(非正式的)
他把它存放在哪一個抽屜里?
過去常常認為以介詞結尾的句子是不合乎語法要求的,但是現在它已被接受為一種口語形式。
2 同樣,在關系從句中位于whom/which之前的介詞也可移到從句之末,此時關系代詞常被省略:
the paople with whom I was travelling(正式的)
跟我一起旅行的人們
可變為:
the people I was travelling with(非正式的)
the company from which I hire my TV set(正式的)
租給我電視機的那家公詞
可變為:
the company I hire my TV set from(非正式的)
B 但在短語動詞中,介詞/副詞跟在動詞之后而不改變位置,因此上述的正規結構是不允許的:the child I was looking after不能改寫成after+whom形式。Which bridge did they blowup?也不能改寫為up+which形式。
A 如上所述,介詞通常位于名詞或代詞之前。然而,以下兩個結構中的介詞在非正式英語中有可能會移到句末:
1 以介詞+whom/which/what/whose/where開頭的疑問句:
To whom were you talking?(正式的)
Who were you talking to?(非正式的)
你剛才在跟誰談話?
In which drawer does he keep it?(正式的)
Which drawer does he keep it in?(非正式的)
他把它存放在哪一個抽屜里?
過去常常認為以介詞結尾的句子是不合乎語法要求的,但是現在它已被接受為一種口語形式。
2 同樣,在關系從句中位于whom/which之前的介詞也可移到從句之末,此時關系代詞常被省略:
the paople with whom I was travelling(正式的)
跟我一起旅行的人們
可變為:
the people I was travelling with(非正式的)
the company from which I hire my TV set(正式的)
租給我電視機的那家公詞
可變為:
the company I hire my TV set from(非正式的)
B 但在短語動詞中,介詞/副詞跟在動詞之后而不改變位置,因此上述的正規結構是不允許的:the child I was looking after不能改寫成after+whom形式。Which bridge did they blowup?也不能改寫為up+which形式。