Module 4　Sandstorms in Asia

　　【美文閱讀】　

　　How to Survive a Sandstorm

　　Sandstorms are among nature's most violent and unpredictable phenomena(現象)．High winds lift sand into the air，reducing visibility(能見度) to almost nothing in a few seconds.Nearly all dust storms are capable of causing property damage，injuries，and deaths.No matter where you live，it's a good idea to know what to do if you see a wall of sand racing toward you.Here are some tips for you.

　　Be prepared.If you are in a stormy area，carry a mask designed to

　　remove small sand，and bring airtight goggles(密封護目鏡) to protect your eyes.It's also wise to carry a supply of water in case you are tracked in a storm.Dust storms are usually accompanied by high temperatures，and you can quickly become dehydrated (脫水的)in the dry heat and high winds.Wear or carry clothing that covers your body to protect yourself from the sandblasting，and to keep warm.

　　Outrun(比……跑得快) the storm.If you see a sandstorm from a distance，and you are in a vehicle or have access to one，you may be able to outrun it.Some sandstorms can travel at more than 75 miles per hour，but they often travel much slower.Trying to outrun a

　　storm，however，is not advisable if you have to put yourself at risk by traveling at high speed.If the storm is catching up with you，it's best to stop and prepare for it.

　　Take cover and stay still.Do not attempt to move about in a storm，as you will not be able to see potential danger in your path.

　　If you're in a house，stay inside.If you can quickly reach such a

　　place before a sandstorm reaches you，get there as quickly as possible.Close all windows and doors，and wait out the storm.

　　If you're in a vehicle，roll up the windows and turn off the vents that bring outside air in.

　　If you are outside，seek out a large rock to protect yourself at least partially.

　　Protect yourself from flying objects.Cover as much of your body as possible to protect yourself from flying sand.In addition，while the sand can hurt，a sandstorm's high winds can also carry heavier(and hence more dangerous) objects.If you find yourself no place to stay，try to stay low to the ground and protect your head with your arms, or a backpack.

　　【誘思導學】　

　　　Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many Asian countries for centuries.What should we do to reduce or stop sandstorms?

　　【答案】　Students' own answer.

　　Period ⅠPreviewing

　　●教學目標

　　本課時主要是通過學生對學案所給出的內容的學習，了解本課文中所出現的詞匯，初步了解課文以及相關的背景知識，對下一堂課對課文的全面理解起到一個鋪墊作用。

　　●教學地位

　　該部分為此模塊的Warming Up，介紹了與“沙塵暴”有關的詞匯，并設計了三個練習活動。通過教材設計的這三個活動，可以讓學生初步熟悉這些詞的意義，為以后的各項學習活動做好準備。

　　(教師用書獨具)

　　●新課導入建議

　　教師可以利用一張沙塵暴的圖片導入新課，如：Look at the picture. What happens? There is a terrible sandstorm.Some cars are almost buried.That is，they are almost covered with sand.教師在引入單詞時，重復需要強調的單詞，有必要時可以寫上黑板。

　　●教學流程設計

　　???????????

　　Ⅰ.篇章結構

　　閱讀P32的文章，完成下面表格(每空不超過3個詞)

　　General idea of each part More details

　　Part 1 (Para 1) Sandstorms have been a major 1.

　　. Scientists have tried many ways to 2.

　　the problem.

　　Part 2 (Para 2)3.

　　are sandstorms？ Sandstorms are strong，dry winds.They can carry sand；they are often so 4.

　　that you cannot see the sun；sometimes they are strong enough to move sand 5.

　　.

　　Part 3 (Para 3) 6.

　　do sandstorms form？ Sandstorms begin in desert areas；due to 7.

　　，sandstorms in China appear to 8.

　　in recent years.

　　Part 4 (Paras 4～6)

　　Sometimes

　　even Beijing is affected by sandstorms. The 9.

　　of the storm sometimes surprises people；the government is taking measures to 10.

　　the desert coming nearer.

　　【答案】　1.disaster　2.solve　3.What　4.thick

　　5．dunes　6.How　7. desertification　8.have increased

　　9．strength　10.prevent

　　Ⅱ.語篇理解

　　閱讀P32的Reading and Vocabulary部分，從每題所給的3個選項中選出最佳答案

　　1．When sandstorms happen，what will you wear if you go out?

　　A．hat.　B．A coat.　C．A mask.

　　2．How many kilometers is the desert away to the west of Beijing?

　　A．350.　B. 250.　C. 150.

　　3．Which statement is WRONG?

　　A．People sometimes can't forecast the strength of a storm.

　　B．The government plans to continue planting trees for the next ten

　　years.

　　C．Northwest China is part of the sandstorm center in central Asia.

　　4．According to the text, we can learn that sandstorms

　　.

　　A．cause people to buy more masks

　　B．are difficult to deal with

　　C．are not dangerous but frightening

　　5．Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?

　　A．Ren Jianbo thought he would probably die from the sandstorm.

　　B．A sandstorm can be forecast several months before it arrives.

　　C．Sandstorms occur in Beijing mainly because of its dry climate.

　　【答案】　1－5　C B B B A

　　Ⅲ.課文縮寫

　　用所給單詞或短語的正確形式完成課文縮寫

　　Sandstorms have been a major 1.

　　for many Asian countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to 2.

　　this problem.

　　Sandstorms are strong，dry winds that carry sand. They are often 3.

　　thick that you cannot see the sun，and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand 4.

　　.The four main places in the world 5.

　　there are sandstorms are Central Asia，North America，Central Africa and Australia. Ren Jianbo described a terrible sandstorm he experienced as a child in the desert，“To 6.

　　a sandstorm was a terrible 7.

　　.”he said. “It was the most 8.

　　and the most dangerous 9.

　　I've ever been in.You just had to hope you'd 10.

　　. I thought I was going to disappear under the sand.”

　　【答案】　1.disaster　2.solve　3.so　4.dunes　5.where

　　6．have been caught in　7.experience　8.frightening

　　9．situation　10.survive

　　Ⅰ.詞義搭配

　　1．frighteningA．involving a large number of people or things

　　2．mass

　　B．a series of actions that are done in order to achieve a particular result

　　3．process

　　C．the physical power and energy that makes someone strong

　　4．forecast

　　E．making you feel afraid or nervous

　　5．strength

　　F．to make a statement saying what is likely to happen in the future，based on the information that you have now

　　【答案】　1.E　2.A　3.B　4.F　5.C

　　Ⅱ.短語填空

　　1．We

　　the storm and got wet.

　　2．We must

　　this disease

　　spreading.

　　3．Many big trees along the road have been

　　for building houses.

　　4．They came in

　　so as not to take up time.

　　5．We must

　　the fact that this kind of animal is in the danger of dying out.

　　【答案】　1.were/got caught in　2.prevent；from　3.cut down　4.one after another　5.wake up to

　　Ⅲ.句型背誦

　　1．They are often so thick that you cannot see the sun, and the wind is sometimes strong enough to move sand dunes.

　　沙塵常常如此之厚以至于你看不到太陽，并且有時候風很強，足以移動沙丘。

　　2．To have been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.

　　遭遇沙塵暴是一次很可怕的經歷。

　　3．Sandstorms in China appear to have increased

　　in recent years as a result of “desertification”．

　　近些年來沙漠化導致的沙塵暴在中國似乎有所增加。

　　4．The storms sometimes continue all day and traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.

　　沙塵暴有時會持續一整天，并且由于濃濃的塵埃使能見度變低，使得交通變得非常緩慢。

　　5．To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees.

　　為了阻止它越來越靠近北京，政府已經開始植樹。

　　Period ⅡIntroduction & Reading and Vocabulary

　　●教學目標

　　(1)熟記學案中所列出的單詞和短語。

　　(2)通過學案中所給出的重點單詞和重點短語的學習，讓學生能夠正確理解這些單詞和短語。

　　(3)通過對這些詞匯的學習能夠更深層次的理解課文，并通過課文更加熟練的運用這些詞匯。

　　●教學地位

　　該部分介紹了“亞洲的沙塵暴”。圍繞著課文，編者設計了五個與課文內容和詞匯有關的練習。通過這些練習，學生可以增進對沙塵暴危害性的了解，熟悉有關沙塵暴的詞匯。

　　(教師用書獨具)

　　●新課導入建議

　　教師用多媒體放一段有關沙塵暴的錄像，然后問課本所列問題，導入課文。

　　●教學流程設計

　　??????

　　1．frightening adj.嚇人的；令人害怕的

　　It has lasted for ten hours and was very frightening.

　　(教材P31)它持續了10個小時并且非常可怕。

　　I will never forget that frightening experience.

　　我永遠也忘不了那次可怕的經歷。

　　①frighten vt.(使)驚恐

　　frighten sb. into/out of doing sth.嚇唬某人做某事

　　②frightened adj.感到恐懼的；害怕的

　　be frightened at/of ...害怕……；對……感到恐懼

　　　Don't frighten the children！別嚇唬小孩子！

　　He frightened me out of telling the truth.

　　他恐嚇我不要說實話。

　　He was frightened at the coming examination.

　　他對即將到來的考試驚恐不安。

　　frightening/frightened

　　frightening 令人恐懼的；可怕的 一般用于指事物，在句中作定語或表語。

　　frightened 受驚的，害怕的 一般用于指人，在句中作定語或表語。

　　　He was frightened of losing power.他害怕失去權力。

　　All the stone figures in the temple looked so frightening.廟里所有的石像看上去都那么嚇人。

　　選詞填空(frightening/frightened/frighten)

　　①She was

　　at the thought of the examination.

　　②It is

　　to be cycling in a sandstorm.

　　③The

　　girl was

　　by the

　　dog.

　　④They dress up and try to

　　people.

　　【答案】　①frightened　②frightening　③frightened；frightened；frightening　④frighten

　　2．cut down砍倒；縮減；降價

　　Deserts are also created because people cut down trees and dig up grass.(教材P31)

　　人們砍伐樹木和鏟除草地也會導致沙漠的形成。

　　The apple tree was dead and he cut it down.

　　那棵蘋果樹枯死了，所以他把它砍掉了。

　　cut down on減少……的量

　　cut in插嘴，打斷

　　cut off切斷，阻斷，隔絕

　　cut out剪除，切掉，刪除

　　cut up切碎

　　　You smoke too much—you should try to cut down.

　　你抽煙太兇了，該少抽點。

　　His mother has to cut up all his food for him.

　　他母親不得不為他將所有的食物切碎。

　　【對接高考】

　　(2024·陜西高考)My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking, but at least he has

　　.

　　A．cut out　B．cut down

　　C．cut up

　　D．cut off

　　【解析】　cut out裁剪，戒掉；cut down削減，壓縮，縮減；cut up切碎，切開；cut off切斷，隔斷，斷絕。由語境My uncle hasn't been able to quit smoking可知說話者的叔叔并沒有“戒掉”吸煙，從后面的but at least的轉折可以得知“他減少了吸煙的量”。因此該題的正確答案為B。句意：我叔叔雖然沒能戒掉吸煙，但是至少他吸得少了。

　　【答案】　B

　　用適當的介詞或副詞完成下列句子

　　①他把樹砍倒，又把它劈成燒火用的小柴塊。

　　He cut

　　the tree and cut it

　　for firewood.

　　②村莊被大雪阻隔。

　　The village was cut

　　by the heavy snow.

　　③ 我們正在看電視，播音員打斷了節目，插播了一條最新消息。

　　While we were watching TV，an announcer cut

　　to tell us a piece of latest news.

　　④醫生建議他少喝酒。

　　The doctor advised him to cut

　　on drinking.

　　【答案】　①down；up　②off　③in　④down

　　3．mass adj.大眾的；大量的，大規模的n.大量；眾多；堆

　　Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.(教材P32)科學家們嘗試過多種方法解決這個問題。在中國，也發動了群眾運動來對付沙塵暴。

　　The police considered it as a mass murder.

　　警方認為這是一次大規模的謀殺。

　　masses of/a mass of＋n.[U/C]大量；許多

　　the mass of大多數；大部分

　　the masses群眾；平民

　　　There is a mass of stones in the yard.

　　院子里有許多石頭。

　　Our cause needs the support of the masses.

　　我們的事業需要人民群眾的支持。

　　完成句子

　　①教室里有許多學生，他們正等著李教授的到來。

　　There are

　　in the classroom and they're waiting for Professor Li.

　　②他們的最新產品瞄準了大眾市場。

　　Their latest product is aimed at

　　.

　　③一大堆巖石從懸崖上掉下來，堵塞了道路。

　　rocks fell from the cliff and blocked the road.

　　【答案】　①masses of students　②the mass market　③A great mass of

　　4．be caught in突然遭遇(風、雨等)